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International audience ; This paper investigates the impact of delaying retirement on mortality among the French population. We take advantage of the 1993 pension reform in the private sector to identify the causal effect of an increase in claiming age on mortality. We use administrative data which provide detailed information on career characteristics, dates of birth and death. Our results, precisely estimated, show that an exogenous increase of one year in the claiming age has no significant impact on the probability to die, measured between age 61 and 79, even when we allow for nonlinear effects of treatment intensity. To test the power of our sample to detect statistically significant effects for rare events like death, we compute minimum detectable effects (MDEs). Our MDE estimates suggest that, if an impact of later retirement on mortality would be detectable, it would remain very small in magnitude.

This paper analyses how young first-time voters reflect their sources of influence on when considering a choice of party as they approached the 2013 parliamentary elections in Norway. Party identification has traditionally been regarded as resulting from social (class) identity, occupation or professional belonging and family influence. This view led to the much tested hypothesis of transfer of political orientations from one generation to another (Jennings & Niemi, 1974). Later, scholars like Giddens (1991) and Beck (1986) argued that social and political orientations are first and foremost characterized by reflexivity. Based on this we hypothesize that young people's choice of party is characterized by a search for their political selves. Analysing interviews of 28 students, we found considerable support for both hypotheses where the majority voiced a strong family influence. Both groups also emphasise their independence and need for self-reflections on their choices. What characterises most of these young voter's process of finding a political party is self-reflection on influence from either family upbringing and/or influence from peers, media or school. We therefore propose that the hypotheses should be regarded as complementary rather than rival.

Los Angeles station NBC4 reports that the California Department of Motor Vehicles may have improperly charged tens of thousands of drivers late fees for their vehicle registration. It found that the DMV has often rejected electronic checks even when the account had sufficient funds and there were no other issues, then billed the drivers late…

On October 4, 1957, with the launch of Sputnik 1 by the Soviet Union, the world entered the Space Age and the United States became quite concerned that the Soviet Union had a head start in the space race. A year later, realizing that the support of gifted and talented mathematics and science students was critical to national security, the United States federal government passed the National Defense Education Act (NDEA), providing aid to education in the United States at all levels, primarily to stimulate the advancement of education in science, mathematics, and modern foreign languages. Also, during this time, "new math" was introduced with an emphasis on more abstract concepts and unifying ideas. One of the most unique of the projects developed during that time, the Comprehensive School Mathematics Program (CSMP) from McREL, Midcontinent Research for Education and Learning, continues to be available online at http://ceure.buffalostate.edu/~csmp/. Although never fully implemented as intended, some of the "new math" projects along with the NDEA contributed to the dominance of the United States in science and technology in the latter part of the twentieth century as they inspired thousands of students to enjoy mathematical investigations and to pursue degrees in mathematics, science and technology.

Durante la Edad del Bronce Tardío, el Levante Central estaba dividido en pequeños estados. La mayoría de los estudiosos creen que estos estados se organizaban de acuerdo con el modelo político y económico de la ciudad-estado, similar al del periodo dinástico Mesopotámico (ca. 2900-2350 a. C.) o al de la Grecia clásica (ca. 499-336 a. C.). En los últimos diez años, se ha propuesto que el sistema económico de la zona se asemejaba más al modelo de poder de puerto. Una variación del modelo de sistemas dendríticos que está basado en las interacciones comerciales entre puertos, yacimientos interiores y potencias económicas extranjeras. Esta tesis doctoral explora el sistema económico del Levante Central a la luz de nuevas evidencias arqueológicas descubiertas en los asentamientos de la cuenca baja del rio Qishon, proponiendo un nuevo estándar basado en el modelo de sistemas dendríticos, mejor ajustado a la realidad económica del Bronce Tardío. ; During the Late Bronze Age (LBA), the Central Levant was divided into small states. Most scholars believe that these petite states were organized according to the political and economic model of the city-state, like that of Early Dynastic Mesopotamia (ca. 2900-2350 BCE) or Classical Greece (ca. 499-336 BCE). In the last ten years, however, it has been proposed that the economic system of the area matched better the harbor power model, a variation of the dendritic system model, a model based on the trade connections between harbors, inland sites, and foreign commercial powers. Throw this dissertation, I explore the economic system under the light of new archaeological evidence from the Lower Qishon Outlet, proposing a new standard, based on the dendritic system model, that fits better the economic reality of the Central Levant during the Late Bronze Age.

"Aging and Loving: Christian Faith and Sexuality in Later Life aims to address the social, ethical, physical, and spiritual issues related to sexuality and aging. The book is written for various professionals who minister to the aged (pastors, chaplains, other care providers), for the aging and aged themselves, and for their families. The focus is on people sixty-five years old and older. This is the age group whose sexuality is most vulnerable to being dismissed by those around them. It is also the age group that experiences new challenges to their sexual lives as age brings physical and sometimes psychological changes as well as changes in living circumstances. To be human is to be sexual. Undermining or failing to appreciate that fact in older age can be hurtful. Regarding the diminishments of aging as the end of sexuality and therefore the dissipation of fully meaningful life is a critical dimension of ageism. To understand the realities of sexuality in later life and the choices older adults face, along with providing a theological and ethical account that affirms their sexuality as integral to their humanity and vocation in later life, is a curb against ageism and provides much-needed information to the aged, the aging, and their families. Equipping those who care for the aging and minister to them is essential. The book seeks to enable those related to the aged to have a deeper respect for their sexuality and, thus, their dignity and to provide an ethical account of Christian love that liberates as it engages the special issues of sexuality in later life."--Publisher

"Late Summer Lake Nojiri," by Maurice Harmon.