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The year 1991 found Canada at a crossroads. The nation faced the aftermath of the Oka crisis and failure of the Meech Lake Accord; the Bloc QuTbTcois sought official party status in the House of Commons and the Reform Party decided to become a national party; talks began for a North American free trade agreement. On the international front, Canada went to war in the Persian Gulf and responded to the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Featuring essays on Parliament and politics, Ottawa and the provinces, and external affairs, the Canadian Annual Review of Politics and Public Affairs provides a comprehensive account of the year's events. The Canadian Annual Review has long been praised for its excellence. Known for its accuracy, readability, and insight, it offers a synoptic appraisal of the year's crises, controversies, and developments from both federal and provincial perspectives

"Though they serve in many roles and under many titles, no one doubts that political staffs now wield substantial influence in the making of government policy. Backrooms and Beyond draws on interviews with ministers, senior public servants, and political advisers to offer the first detailed Canadian treatment of how that influence is gained and exercised in the policy making process. A comparative analysis of case studies from three Canadian jurisdictions, including the federal Prime Minister's Office, two premier's offices, and ministers' offices, the book presents a detailed account of partisan advisers' involvement in policy work and a new theoretical framework for understanding this work and its impact. As Jonathan Craft shows, partisan advisers often engage in policy work with public servants, outside stakeholders, and often in types of policy work that public servants cannot. Backrooms and Beyond is a rich and rigorous look at an important aspect of contemporary Canadian politics, essential reading for scholars and practitioners, journalists, students of the Westminster system from around the world, and those wanting to understand just how policy is made today."--

Nations in Transit is Freedom House's incisive and authoritative assessment of post-Communist reform in 27 countries of Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. In this annual research effort, leading regional and country specialists review key indicators of democratization and the rule of law and present their findings through in-depth reports and comparative ratings that measure the state of electoral processes, civil society, independent media, governance, and corruption in each country under study. It is the only comprehensive, comparative, and multidimensional study

Personal recollection of Hays' campaign defeats of 1928, 1930 and 1933 and career in government administration positions ; -2- audience convulsed with laughter and I thought I had said the wrong thing until I glanced around a saw a large rooster on the table by my drinking out of my water glass. I sought out-of-the-way places. In one remote community I heard a resident say, "Well, he's the first candidate for governor what ever spoke in our place." But his neighbor said, "Nope, they wuz a fellow through here in 1898." The introductions were interesting. I preferred "the cheerful crusader" to "young paragon of democracy." At one town, a morning appointment, while waiting for the meeting to open I engaged the chairman in conversation. He was about 80 years of age and friendly. I warmed to him. I thought, "I'll get a grand introduction here. The old main is mellow, he's interested in young men and he'll talk about the aspirations of youth." I was basking in the contemplation of it when the old man arose and said, "Fellow citizens, we got a candidate for governor here this morning. I ain't for him, I think he's too young for the office, but I hope you give the boy a good hearing." I was defeated that year but the defeat was only an incident in my political program and did not mean retirement. While it was my first race, I had actually been in politics since I was old enough to vote. I had graduated from law school in June, 1922, and then in the same year was elected secretary of the State Democratic Convention. When I learned that I was to be an officer of the Convention I bought a broad brimmed hat, put on the airs of a politico, and prepared for a career. That fall I became a member of my father's law firm at Russellville.

This book examines the factors and issues responsible for the intra-Palestinian conflict that has undermined the strength and vitality of the struggle for liberation against the state of Israel. It explores how the ideological incompatibility and competition for political primacy account for the Hamas-Fatah conflict, entailing the risk of partition of Palestine even before it takes shape as an independent, sovereign entity. It analyzes the developments since the signing of the September 1993 Oslo Accord and discusses themes such as the background of Palestinian politics; the role of Fatah; the rise of Hamas as Fatah's political rival; the Hamas-Fatah struggle for power; and the role played by the international community, including by the US and the European Union. The study deals with the various facets of territorial and political challenges faced by the rival Palestinian actions; the failure of the reconciliation efforts by Egypt and Yemen; the stalled peace process in the West Bank and Gaza Strip; the emergence of the Islamic resistance movement and secular nationalist party; and the political and ideological shifts in Palestinian politics. Comprehensive and topical, this book will be useful to scholars and researchers of West Asian studies, peace and conflict studies, politics and international relations, foreign policy, political studies, area studies and strategic and defence studies.

Preface -- References -- Acknowledgements -- Book Outline -- Contents -- Chapter 1: Introduction: Nationalism and Political Representation in Colonised Countries -- 1.1 Greek and Greek Cypriot Nationalism -- 1.2 Colonial Narratives of Party Politics -- 1.3 Cleavage Lines and Greek Intra-Ethnic Politics -- 1.3.1 A New Hegemonic Bloc and Internal Antitheses -- 1.4 Framework of Analysis: From Outsiders to Insiders and Back Again -- References -- Chapter 2: The New Social Terrain of (Nationalist) Party Politics -- 2.1 The End of Ottoman Occupation -- 2.1.1 Social Relations and the Socio-Political Elite -- 2.2 The British Colonial Era -- 2.3 Economic Reforms -- 2.4 A Society in Change -- 2.4.1 The Cypriot Bourgeoisie to the Fore -- 2.4.2 A New Elite -- 2.5 Social Relations and Sources of Clientele Relations -- References -- Censuses -- Cyprus Blue Books -- Chapter 3: Institutional Engineering and Political Change -- 3.1 The Legislative Council: A Quasi-Parliament -- 3.2 Voting Reform -- 3.3 Citizen Participation in Elections -- 3.3.1 Political Exclusionism -- 3.4 The Iron Law of Oligarchy: Elite Politics -- 3.5 Patronage Politics -- 3.6 The (Colonial) Limitations of (Nationalist) Party Politics -- 3.6.1 Compromised Democracy -- 3.6.2 Electoral Process as a Lightning Rod -- References -- Censuses -- Cyprus Blue Books -- Chapter 4: The Reconstruction of the Public Sphere: The Hegemony of Nationalism -- 4.1 Agents of Nationalism and the Demand for Enosis -- 4.2 The Nature and Singularities of the National Movement in Cyprus -- 4.3 The Popular Nature of the National Movement: An Artificial Construct? -- 4.4 Mechanisms of Transmission of the Nationalist Ideology -- 4.4.1 Education -- 4.4.2 Printed Media -- 4.4.3 The Balkan Wars -- 4.5 Ideas as Carriers of Change -- References -- Censuses -- Cyprus Blue Books

Following Operation Husky in 1943, Francis Rodd, Lord Rennell (1895–1978) was Chief Civil Affairs Officer of AMGOT (Allied Military Government of Occupied Territories) in Sicily and Southern Italy. He had previously held important posts in civil affairs in Africa. This article examines his approach to politics and military government, with particular reference to his support for 'indirect rule'. This doctrine helped rationalize the fact that British/Allied military rule often rested on a small number of staff. Rennell's thoughts on AMGOT's administrative structures are also covered. A geographer and banker by background, Rennell emerges here as a reform-minded pragmatist.