Suchergebnisse

PREFACE SECTION ONE. THE BYZANTINE WORLDEastern Roman/ Byzantine Empire to 1204.Latin EmpireEmpire of Nicaea Despotate of EpirusEmpire of TrebizondLatin principalities of AchaeaDuchy of AthensCounty of CephalloniaDuchy of NaxosEastern Roman/ Byzantine Empire after 1261.Despotate of the Morea and other Late Byzantine sub-states.Eastern Roman/Byzantine Empresses.Crusader States: Kingdom of JerusalemAntiochTripoliEdessaCyprusCilician ArmeniaArmenia and Georgia.SECTION TWO: THE ISLAMIC WORLDCaliphs: C7th heirs of the Prophet, then Ummayads and Abbasids.Fatimid Caliphate of Tunisia and Egypt(Christian states of upper Egypt/ Nubia: Makuria and Dongola)Khorasan: Tahirids, Saffarids, Samanids Egypt; Tulunids and Ikshidids.Iran: Buyids.Syria: Hamdanids, Mirdasids, Uqaylids.Azerbaijan: Sa dids.Aghlabids of TunisiaUmmayad emirate and Caliphate of Al-Andalus, SpainSuccessor-states in C11th Al-Andalus.Seljuks: Iran; Konya/ Anatolia.Syria: ZengidsAyyubids of Egypt and SyriaCentral Asia/ Afghanistan: Khwarezm, Ghaznavids.YemenSicily; Majorca.MoroccoMaghreb: Almoravids, Almohads.Tunisia: Hafsids, Zirids, Wattasids.Mongols: Great Khans (with Yuan of China)Iran: IlkhansGolden Horde and other Central Asian Mongol statesJagatai Khans; Timurids; Qaraqanids.Late Medieval Anatolia: Dhu l Qadir; Karamanids; Germiyan; Aydin; Sarukhan; Menteshe; Kastamonu; Kara Koyunlu; Ak Koyunlu.Ottoman Sultanate SECTION THREE: ASIA AND AFRICAMedieval India: Hindu and Moslem statesBurmaThailandKhmer statesVietnamDynasties of China: T ang to MingKoreaJapanEthiopiaThe Sahel: Kanem/ Bornu; Ghana, Mali and Songhai Nigeria: Hausa statesCentral AfricaSECTION FOUR: THE BRITISH ISLESBritain : Anglo-Saxon EnglandEngland after 1066Wales: Gwynedd, Powys, Dyfed/ Deheubarth, Gwent, Brycheiniog (Brecon).Early Scotland: Picts, Dal Riada/Scots, Strathclyde.Medieval Scotland from 844Jarldom of OrkneyLords of the Isles/ HebridesKingdom of Man Ireland: High KingsUlster; Leinster; Munster; Connacht; Viking Dublin.SECTION FIVE: EUROPE, PART ONE, WEST.Francia; Merovingians, CarolingiansMedieval France: Kings; Brittany, Normandy, Anjou, Blois, Champagne, Artois, Boulogne, Flanders, Lorraine, Alencon, Burgundy/ Arles; Aquitaine; Toulouse; Bearn; Foix; Provence; Vienne; Franche-Comte.Spain: Barcelona; Suevi; Visigoths; Asturias/ Leon; Leon and Castile; Aragon; Navarre.PortugalSECTION SIX: EUROPE, CENTRE, SOUTH AND NORTH.HungaryLow Countries: Brabant, Holland, Hainault.Holy Roman Empire: Emperors.Bavaria; Saxony; Palatinate; Hesse and Thuringia; Baden; Wurtemmberg; Mecklenberg; Brandenburg; Brunswick and Luneburg; Julich and Cleves; Austria.Poland; Lithuania; Silesia.BohemiaSerbia; Bulgaria.Vandal Africa.BurgundiansItaly: Ostrogoths; Lombards; Venice; Savoy/ Piedmont; Montferrat; Milan; Modena; Mantua; Florence; Popes; Naples and Sicily. Denmark; Norway; Sweden.Russia: Grand Princes of Kiev/ Kiyev.Chernigov; Smolensk; Ryazan; Galicia; Vladimir-Suzdal; Novgorod; Rostov; Yaroslavl; Tver; Moscow.INDEX

The analysis of the shipping activities and harbours of Marienburg leads to the conclusion that a town harbour existed here during the Middle Ages, and that it may have been connected with the fishing harbour. The source material which has come down to us confirms the assumption that there was a separate timber wharf near the town, complete with specialized personnel. The harbour of Marienburg played no more than a minor role, and was not as important a commercial centre as the harbour in Thorn, for example. The volume of cargo transhipped here was relatively small, serving, as it did, the regular needs of the residents. The ship-masters - some of them simple fishermen - lived in the town and hired their vessels out to the Teutonic Order on occasion. Independently of the town, the order also possessed its own harbour. The latter was originally located at the Chapel of St. Nicholas, directly adjacent to the oldest warehouse. It was later replaced by the harbour on the bank of the Nogat nearby the long warehouse in the outermost fortification. It is to be assumed that, alongside the harbour of the Teutonic Order, there was also a timber canal in which the order kept the material it had purchased to meet its needs. The wharfs on the canal served the Teutonic Order as a shipyard. The only surviving sources in which reference is made to the vessels on the Vistula are the inventory books of the Marienburg commandery offices. The source material on the topic of shipping and harbours in Marienburg confirms the conjecture that the existence of the river harbours was closely related to the establishment of warehouses on the riverbanks, from which mass goods were transported via waterways. Questions pertaining to the construction of the vessels of the Teutonic Order as well as the operation of the shipyard at Marienburg Castle have yet to be analyzed in detail. In that context, archaeological sources bearing a connection to the Medieval construction of inland waterway vessels in the Vistula delta may well prove particularly helpful. Taking into consideration the results of the site analysis of the town and Teutonic Order harbours in Marienburg, it appears worthwhile to undertake similar investigations into other harbour centres on the Lower Vistula as well.

This is the third of a four-volume collection of British heraldic arms, arranged alphabetically according to their designs and covering the period before 1530. Listed in this volume are entries from Chief to Fess. This book will help readers to identify the arms that were widely displayed in the Middle Ages and which can now be found not only on tombs, monuments and seals, but also on textiles, manuscripts, metalwork, glass, wall paintings, and other medieval artefacts. The index allows even those without any specialist knowledge of the subject to discover the blazons of arms recorded for particular surnames in the medieval period. Produced specifically to enable readers to identify individual coats of arms, it is an invaluable reference for historians, antiquaries, archaeologists, genealogists and those dealing in and collecting medieval objects.