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Machine generated contents note: Preface -- Introduction: The Idea of European Unity, the Western System of Liberties, and the Dichotomy of Federalism versus Intergovernmentalism -- 1. The Most Important Achievements of the Idea of European Unity in the Field of State and International Organization before the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen (1789)1.1 Defense Unions and the Theoretical Differentiation between the Alliances of States 1.2 European Universalism 1.3 The Idea of Liberty and the Principles of a Civil State and Union of States -- 2. A New Democratic Constitutional Federal State in Opposition to Feudalism and Colonization: The Constitution of the United States of America (1787) and Its Influence in Europe 2.1 The Constitution of a Democratic Federal Republic under a President (1787) 2.2 The "Hamilton Method" 2.3 The Dichotomy of a Fictive versus Real Economy 2.4 The Main Phases of Democratization of the Idea of European Unity -- 3. The Dilemma of Democratization of the Idea of European Unity (1789-1815) 3.1 The French Revolution and the Attempt to Establish Democracy and Popular Sovereignty in a Unitary Nation State 3.2 Kant in Search of a Democratic International Policy (Foedus Pacificum)3.3 The Conservative Breakthrough -- 4 The European Phenomenon of Nation State and National Empire, and the Chances of a European Federation (1815-1919) 4.1 Romantic Nationalism 4.2 The German and Italian Unification 4.3 The Swiss Confederation (1848) 4.4 Plans for the Reconstruction of the Habsburg Monarchy 4.5 The Federalist Opposition to the Liberal Democratic Unitary Nation-State 4.6 Colonialism of European Great Powers and the Forgotten Idea of European Unity 4.7 The Forgotten Europe: The Treaty of Versailles, and the League of Nations -- 5 The Crisis of Realization of the Western System of Liberties and the Idea of European Unity between the Two World Wars 5.1 In the Shadow of Dictatorships 5.2 The Idea of Pan-Europa 5.3 Plans for a European Economic Union 5.3.1 The Dichotomy of Liberal versus Statist Economic Theory 5.3.2 Planning European Economic Unity 5.4 The Great Depression and the New Deal of Roosevelt 5.5 The Great Depression and Hitler's Europe -- 6. Fight for a Democratic Europe 6.1 Coudenhove-Kalergi and the Pan-European Movement 6.2 L'Ordre Nouveau and Personalist or Integral Federalism 6.3 The Resistance Movement-Launching the Policy of a European Democratic Federation Based on the Idea of Liberty -- 7. In Search of a New Europe: Three Alternatives 7.1 Atlantic Cooperation 7.2 Confronting the Legacy of Colonization-"Eurafrica" in a Decolonization Perspective 7.3 To Become a Great Power from Europe's Own Democratic Forces: The Federalist Reform -- 8. Realizing the Idea of European Unity in the Framework of the Council of Europe 8.1 The Hague Congress (1948): Intergovernmentalist, Federalist, and Functionalist Bases of a European Union 8.2 Intergovernmentalist Majority and the Council of Europe -- 9. Shaping the Supranational European Union 9.1 Functionalist Sectoral Integration: The "Monnet-Method" 9.1.1 Criticism of the "Monnet-Method" by Contemporaries 9.2 Supranationalism toward Federalism (1952-1954) 9.3 The Rome Treaties and the European Economic Community (1957) 9.4 De Gaulle's Intergovernmentalist "European Concert" 9.5 Spinelli: Relaunching Integration, Reviving Federalism 9.6 The Delors's Reform: Federation of Nation States and of People 9.7 European Union (1992): A New Type of Federalist Functionalist and Intergovernmentalist Functionalist Union of States Based on Subsidiarity and Multilevelism -- 10 Outlook: Future Paths and Perspectives -- 11 The World and Europe (EU): Some Responses to the Challenge of European Modernity 11.1 Responses from India (Gandhi and Nehru) 11.2 Some African Answers (Nkrumah, Senghor, Nyerere) 11.3 Responses and Challenges from Confucian East Asia (Japan, China) 11.3.1 The Japanese Answer (Yukichi Fukuzawa) 11.3.2 The Chinese Responses and Challenge (K'ang Yu-wei, Sun Yat-sen, Mao Zedong,Deng Xiaoping) 11.4 The Vision of Peaceful International Organization -- 12 Concluding Thoughts Bibliography About the Author Index.

Chapter 1. Comprehending the Nature of the Beast -- Part I. Rethinking the Nature of Prejudice -- Chapter 2. Populism: A Conceptual Overview -- Chapter 3. Demagogy and Populism in the Americas -- Chapter 4. Seeking Control of Life and the World Through Populist Politics -- Chapter 5. Truth and Democracy: An Uncomfortable Relation in Contemporary American Democracy -- Chapter 6. Critical Race Theory: The Cutting Edge -- Chapter 7. The Relationship Between Mainstream and Populist Parties: The Portuguese Case -- Chapter 8. "I Can't Breathe": the Bible and Bonhoeffer on Race and Suffering in America -- Chapter 9. The Swedish Nightmare in Racialization: The Dismantlement of Bounding Social Capital in Scandinavian Welfare States -- Chapter 10. Governance for Sustainable Development Goals in Cosmopolitan Governance: Basic Ethical Principles for Ethical Behavior in Public Organizations and Institutions -- Chapter 11. Self-esteem and Intergroup Discrimination -- Chapter 12. Domain Specific Self-esteem, Threats to Group Value and Intergroup Discrimination Amongst Minimal and Real Groups -- Part II. The Nature of Bias and Aggressive Policing -- Chapter 13. The Nature of Bias: Effects of Institutionalized Prejudices and Theoretical Explanations for Its Development -- Chapter 14. The Correlates of Prejudice: Groupthink and Individual Psychological Attributes -- Chapter 15. Many Roads Lead to Rome - College, Career, Commitment (Marriage), Oh My: Is Conceiving All These Still Extrinsically Linked in the Era of Fake News? -- Chapter 16. Police Fiction: Native American Activists' Political Murders at or Near Pine Ridge, South Dakota, 1973-1976 -- Chapter 17. A Double-edged Sword": Black Collegiate Women's Perceptions of Law Enforcement -- Part III. Social Identity and Intergroup Behavior -- Chapter 18. How Ingroup Favouritism Functions as a Defense Against Threat -- Part IV. Xenophobic Scapegoating and Racism -- Chapter 19. Umshini Wami (Cry, the Beloved Continent!): Erasing South Africa's 'toxic' and Worsening Afrophobia, Afronegativity (Recycling Hatred), Aversive Racism, and Xeno-racism – After Mandela -- Chapter 20 Xenophobia in the United States: Structural Drivers -- Chapter 21. From Eugenics to Eco-fascism: a History of Xenophobic Scapegoating -- Chapter 22. India - Hindus and Muslims: Religion and Racism -- Part V. Africentricism, and Non-eurocentric Perspectives -- Chapter 23. Debunking False Theoretical Concepts, Appreciating Asylums and Fending Off Media Attacks, Theological Misorientation, and Sexual Misorientation -- Chapter 24. Aziboist Concepts and Psycho-cultural-political Orientations for Socially Engineering Aright the New African Person -- Chapter 25. Listening to Blutopia: Sounds of Afrofuturism Perspective -- Chapter 26. The Fascinating Legacy of Yoruba Culture, Gods, and the Genesis of Civilization -- Chapter 27. Santeria (African Cultural Ideas) Under Attack: The Attempted Erasure of Lucumi and Extinguishing of a Cultural Candle -- Chapter 28. Caste, Class, and Globalization in India Revisited: Some Aspects of Continuity and Change -- Chapter 29. Tenskwatawa, the Holy Man of the Pan-India Resistance, 1804–1810 -- Part VI. Pandemics and Environmental Crisis -- Chapter 30. Racism and Inequality in the Deep South: The Health and Sociocultural Correlates of HIV/AIDS Among African Americans and the Legacy of Slavery -- Part VII. Race and Justice -- Chapter 31. Race, Ethnicity and Perceived Everyday Discrimination in the United States -- Chapter 32. Civil Liberties in Uncivil Times - the Perilous Quest to Preserve American Freedoms During Its First Two Centuries -- Chapter 33. Civil Liberties in Uncivil Times - Preserving Traditional American Freedoms After 9/11 -- Part VIII. Social Psychology of Prejudice -- Chapter 34. "If You're Brown, Stick Around; Black, Turn Back": "Honorary Whiteness" Status and Immigration Policy -- Chapter 35. "Snitches Get Stitches": Why Most Bullied Young People Don't Disclose Incidents of Bullying and Harassment -- Chapter 36. Is There Anything New in Anti-semitism? Settler Colonialism -- Chapter 37. Muslims, Populism, and Scapegoat Theory -- Part IX. Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion -- Chapter 38. "Continental Africa or Europeans? Confronting the Paradox of "Afronegativity" and "xenoracism" in Nigeria-south Africa Relations" -- Chapter 39. More Than Just Talking Anti-oppression: the Use of Racial Dialogue to Combat Intolerance in the Classroom -- Chapter 40. Bullying Perpetration and Perceptions of Familial Acceptance of Aggression Among Young People at University -- Part X. The Grand Dichotomy Reconsidered -- Chapter 41. Democracy in American Public Discourse: Power and the Crisis of Leadership, Race, and Division (or Unity) -- Chapter 42. Race: The Irreconcilable Conflict Threatening Americas' Future (and Indeed the World) -- Chapter 43. Race, Class, and Populism: Global Perspectives.