Suchergebnisse

This study analyzed the farming systems and other informal insurance measures used by farmers for optimum farm income in Odogbolu Local Government Area of Ogun state, Nigeria. To give effect to the study, eighty farmers were randomly selected from the study area. Data collected through structured questionnaires and interview schedules was analyzed using net farm income analysis. Results showed the gross margin of the farmers who cultivated more than one crop, and reared one poultry or small ruminant animal have more income than those who do not. This research work also showed that rural farmers use different informal insurance measures like diversification of crop and livestock enterprises, contract farming, keeping buffer stock, savings, land fragmentation and others to manage risks that they routinely face. Out of the ten (10) informal insurance measures studied, diversification was the most practiced among the respondents while contract farming is the least used by the respondents. Recommendations include encouraging farmers to adopt the most profitable farming systems and informal insurance measures to help rural people have a stable income.

Oni O.A., Olufadewa S.M. and Fashogbon A.E.Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan, NigeriaABSTRACTThe harmful effects of the use of agrochemicals and inorganic fertilizers on livestock, human beings among others have made developing countries including Nigeria to gradually move towards organic agriculture. Furthermore, food safety is steadily becoming an important issue the reason being that people desire to consume food free of chemical residues. This study was carried out to determine consumers' perception of organic leafy vegetables and their willingness to pay a premiumfor the organic leafy vegetables in Akinyele Local Government Area of Oyo State. Primary data was collected using a multistage sampling technique to collect data from 120 respondents using a structured questionnaire containing Contingency Valuation (CV) questions and other relevant variables. The Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression model. Resultshows that 55 percent of the respondents were single, 43.3 percent were married. Most (83%) of the respondents were in their active working age. Logit model result showed that Bid price (1%) and household size (5%) significantly influence willingness to pay (WTP) for organic vegetable based on environmental benefit. Likewise, Bid price (1%), age (1%), years of formal education (5%), monthly income (5%) and being an artisan have significant effect on WTP for organic leafy vegetable basedon health benefit. The estimates of mean WTP were N58.64 and N77.74 based on environmental and health benefits respectively. It was recommended that respondents' human capacity development should be enhanced while enlightenment programme to create proper awareness about organic leafy vegetables should be put in place.

Fadairo, O. S. and Idiale, M. Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural DevelopmentUniversity of Ibadandairom2@yahoo.com +234703 0184 660 ABSTRACTVarious health challenges of neonatal death, still birth and maternal mortality are traceable to ineffective antenatal care programmes among others. The study therefore investigated awareness and uptake of antenatal care service content among women in Iddo local government area of Oyo State.Using snow ball research technique, 90 breast feeding mothers were selected from the study area and data was collected using structured questionnaire on their personal characteristics, awareness and uptake of Antenatal Care (ANC) service content, ANC service providers in the study area and constraints faced by mothers in accessing ANC services. Mean age of respondents was 36.3 and 78.8% had below secondary school education. Most of mothers were aware of each of the content of antenatal care services with highest awareness observed for urine test (83.3%) followed by blood test (82.2%). Uptake of ANC components was highest for tetanus toxoid (x?=2.2) followed by anti-malarial (x?=2.0) and blood test (x?=1.7). Religious centers (x?=2.31) received the highest patronage from mothers who attended antenatal care. Delay respondents faced at health centers before they received attention from service providers ranked as the highest constraint they faced in up-taking ANC services (x?=2.32). Significant relationship existed between respondents location (?2=15.89; p<0.05) and uptake of ANC.Efforts aimed at decreasing the existing wide gap between health workers and clientele ratio and to increase the number of health facilities providing antenatal services should be given urgent attention.

The paper deals with main directions of judicial control in the sphere of local government:judicial control over legality of legal acts of local government bodies; hearing ofcases about disputed decisions, actions of local government bodies and public employees;hearing of cases about protection of electoral rights of citizens and the right to participationin a referendum. The author analyzes a role of constitutional (statutory) courts andgeneral jurisdiction courts in this activity. Offers on further improvement of the system ofjudicial control over the activity of local government bodies are formulated. ; В статье рассматриваются основные направления судебного контроля в сфереместного самоуправления: судебный контроль за законностью правовых актов орга-нов местного самоуправления; рассмотрение дел об оспаривании решений, действийорганов местного самоуправления и муниципальных служащих; рассмотрение дел озащите избирательных прав граждан и права на участие в референдуме. Автор анали-зирует роль конституционных (уставных) судов и судов общей юрисдикции в этойдеятельности. Формулируются предложения по дальнейшему совершенствованиюсистемы судебного контроля за деятельностью органов местного самоуправления.

Suivant l'ordre du Comité central danois, j'ai l'honneur de porter à votre connaissance que notre vénéré président, Son Excellence le lieutenant-général Schroll, se rapportant à son âge et à l'état de sa santé, a cru devoir sortir du Comité, et que le général C.-H. Arendrup, grand-croix de l'ordre de Danebrog, décoré de la croix d'argent du même ordre p. p., élu par le Comité, a bien voulu se charger de la présidence de notre Société.

Background: Decentralised health systems in Tanzania depend largely on funding from the central government to run health services. Experience has shown that central funding in a decentralised system is not an appropriate approach to ensure the effective and efficient performance of local authorities due to several limitations. One of the limitations is that funds from the central government are not disbursed on a timely basis, which in turn, leads to the serious problem of shortage of financial resources for Council Health Management Teams (CHMT). This paper examines how dependency on central government funding in Tanzania affects health activities in Kongwa district council and the strategies used by the CHMT cope with the situation. Methods: The study adopted a qualitative approach and data were collected using semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions. One district in the central region of Tanzania was strategically selected. Ten key informants involved in the management of health service delivery at the district level were interviewed and one focus group discussion was held, which consisted of members of the council health management team. The data generated were analysed for themes and patterns. Results: The results showed that late disbursement of funds interrupts the implementation of health activities in the district health system. This situation delays the implementation of some activities, while a few activities may not be implemented at all. However, based on their prior knowledge of the anticipated delays in financial disbursements, the council health management team has adopted three main strategies to cope with this situation. These include obtaining supplies and other services on credit, borrowing money from other projects in the council, and using money generated from cost sharing. Conclusion: Local government authorities (LGAs) face delays in the disbursement of funds from the central government. This has necessitated introduction of informal coping strategies to deal with the situation. National-level policy and decision makers should minimise the bureaucracy involved in allocating funds to the district health systems to reduce delays.

The purpose of the study was to analyze two forms of invoicing in the operations of public companies that were established by local self-government units in the Republic of Serbia. At the same time, to point out the importance of introducing electronic invoicing in regular business. The author's focus was on the comparison of classic and electronic invoicing with the aim of improving the future financial reporting of companies according to the administrative bodies of local self-government units. The analysis of this process was carried out through a threefold observation of the evaluation, namely: employees, top management of the company and management of the administrative bodies of local self-government units. Our contribution is reflected in the fact that we discovered that there are large differences in the level of significance of the t test, i.e. they are less than the threshold level of significance for all analyzed factors (p<0.0005*) in all 6 analyzed factors and in their total observation, between classical and electronic invoicing. Also, higher values were obtained when evaluating electronic invoicing compared to classical financial reporting of public companies, which indicates the importance of introducing the mentioned form of financial reporting.

Increasing involvement of local governments in global governance is a result of changes in the missions of both global and local government organizations.. For example, the UN System mission has extended inside the borders of states as a result of its Millennium Development Goals and its Mission to Protect; and local governments are now engaged in a movement to spread democratic local governments worldwide. For many years there have been global and global region organizations of local governments. Some local government organizations that cross state borders focus on specific issues such as peace, recycling and environment. Efforts are being made to coordinate these organizations through a World Association of Cities and Local Authorities Coordination (WACLAC). There is now a UN Advisory Committee on Local Authorities. The First World Conference on City Diplomacy was held in June 2008. This paper provides an overview of these, and other, developments and examines their potential for future global governance. Adapted from the source document.

J'ai l'honneur de vous communiquer ci-après le cadre des membres du Comité central de la Croix-Rouge chilienne pour l'année 1913:MM. Joaquin Bigorra, preésident.Vicente Pisano, vice-président.Docteur Mateo Bencur, directeur-chirurgien.Gilberto Alessandri, conseiller.Emilio Peno y Lara, »Candido Veiga, trésorier.Josè Itturralde, secrétaire.Enrique Gonzalez Rojas, vice-secrétaire.

"Twenty-Fifth Session, 1982-83, Executive Seminar in National and International Affairs." ; Cover title. ; Mode of access: Internet.