Suchergebnisse

Under Article 3(2) of the Treaty on the European Union, the Union shall offer its citizens an area of freedom, security, and justice without internal frontiers, in which the free movement of persons is ensured in conjunction with appropriate measures with respect to external border controls, asylum, immigration, and the prevention and combating of crime. The objective is paramount, especially as far as the fight against transnational crime is concerned. Over time, experts have stressed that the protection of the EU and the Member States must be guaranteed not only inside European borders but also outside Europe in order to be effective: Thus, forms of cooperation with non-European States and other international organizations are strongly needed. Then, the article focuses on one of these forms of cooperation: The operational and strategic agreements concluded by Europol with third countries and international organizations. An overview of the content of the agreements is provided and an assessment is made so as to understand whether these kinds of agreements actually enhance the role played by the European Union on the global stage while effectively protecting human rights at the same time.

Le Projet Accompagnement Québec-Guatemala (PAQG) est l'un des douze organismes d'accompagnement international actuellement présents au Guatemala. Créé en 1992 dans le contexte du retour massif des réfugiés guatémaltèques qui avaient fui la guerre civile et les massacres au Mexique, le PAQG avait pour mission initiale de déployer des observateurs internationaux afin de protéger ces communautés des possibles représailles au moment de leur réintégration dans la société guatémaltèque. Ainsi, pendant six ans (entre 1993 et 1999), près de 65 accompagnateurs et accompagnatrices envoyés par le PAQG, ont soutenus les 25 000 réfugiés guatémaltèques au retour. Cependant, malgré la signature des accords de paix, des violences persistent envers les militants de la nouvelle société civile. Le PAQG ainsi que d'autres organismes décident donc de poursuivre et d'élargir leur mandat, dans le but de soutenir désormais les "défenseur-e-s guatémaltèques des droits civils, politiques, sociaux, culturels et économiques, victimes d'exactions". L'objet de ce mémoire consiste en l'analyse de l'accompagnement international proposé par le PAQG aux communautés autochtones au Guatemala, dans le cas spécifique de leur lutte contre les compagnies minières canadiennes.

Le Projet Accompagnement Québec-Guatemala (PAQG) est l'un des douze organismes d'accompagnement international actuellement présents au Guatemala. Créé en 1992 dans le contexte du retour massif des réfugiés guatémaltèques qui avaient fui la guerre civile et les massacres au Mexique, le PAQG avait pour mission initiale de déployer des observateurs internationaux afin de protéger ces communautés des possibles représailles au moment de leur réintégration dans la société guatémaltèque. Ainsi, pendant six ans (entre 1993 et 1999), près de 65 accompagnateurs et accompagnatrices envoyés par le PAQG, ont soutenus les 25 000 réfugiés guatémaltèques au retour. Cependant, malgré la signature des accords de paix, des violences persistent envers les militants de la nouvelle société civile. Le PAQG ainsi que d'autres organismes décident donc de poursuivre et d'élargir leur mandat, dans le but de soutenir désormais les "défenseur-e-s guatémaltèques des droits civils, politiques, sociaux, culturels et économiques, victimes d'exactions". L'objet de ce mémoire consiste en l'analyse de l'accompagnement international proposé par le PAQG aux communautés autochtones au Guatemala, dans le cas spécifique de leur lutte contre les compagnies minières canadiennes.

Proceedings of the ECIR Workshop on "Who Controls Cyberspace? A Puzzle for National Security and International Relations," November 6–7, 2012, MIT, Cambridge, MA. ; This Workshop proceeds from the assumption that we have as yet no overarching and complete accounting of who controls what, when, and how, nor do we fully understand what are the precise points of control, where they are currently located and where the future ones might be placed. Accordingly, the Workshop is based on first principles, namely, cyber-ecosystems, power in "real" and cyber contexts, and introduce control point analysis. Then it turns to specific control features from four different perspectives: (a) people as users; (b) business and industry; (c) states and governments; and (d) the international community, private and public – across different regions of the world. ; This material is based upon work supported by the Office of Naval Research under Grant No. N00014-09-1-0597. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Office of Naval Research.

ABSTRACT: The Draft Common Frame of Reference (DCFR) applies inter alia to financial leasing contracts. In a considerable number of Member States of the European Union, the UNIDROIT-Convention on International Financial Leasing (UCIFL) is in force. The present contribution examines the relationship between these two bodies of rules and the extent to which the rules of the Draft Common Frame of Reference are compatible with the UNIDROIT-Convention.
RÉSUMÉ : Le Draft Common Frame of Reference(DCFR) contient entre autres des dispositions en matière de crédit-bail. La Convention UNIDROIT sur le crédit-bail est en vigueur dans de nombreux pays membres de l'Union européenne. La présente contribution analyse la relation entre les deux ensembles de dispositions et s'efforce de vérifier dans quelle mesure les règles de la Convention UNIDROIT s'accordent avec les normes du Draft Common Frame of Reference applicables au crédit-bail.
ZUSAMMENFASSUNG: Der Draft Common Frame of Reference (DCFR) regelt unter anderem den Finanzierungs-Leasingvertrag. Die UNIDROIT-Convention on International Financial Leasing (UCIFL) ist in zahlreichen Mitgliedsstaaten der Europäischen Union in Kraft. Der vorliegende Beitrag geht der Frage nach, in welcher Beziehung die beiden Regelwerke stehen und inwieweit die Regelungen der UNIDROIT-Convention mit den auf das Finanzierungsleasing anwendbaren Normen des Draft Common Frame of Reference übereinstimmen.

As a new justice institution, the International Criminal Court (ICC) needs to gain legitimacy not just with states but also in civil society, both at the global level and in the societies in which it intervenes. This article, based on interviews, NGO documents, newspaper articles, and participatory observation, looks at civil-society relations with the ICC in relation to its most recent and least publicized investigation—that in the Central African Republic (CAR). It charts the role of civil-society organizations, local and international, in the opening of the investigation, and it discusses the initial responses to the investigation of civil-society figures and victims in the CAR. It finds that unlike in any of the other situations, the ICC's involvement in the CAR has been largely instigated by local civil-society figures and that, as a result, it operates in a quite receptive context. However, the slow pace of investigations and trials, the meager outreach to date, and the court's probable lack of capacity to provide victims with physical and material security are long-term challenges for its ability to meet local expectations of justice.

This research was supported by the International Development Research Centre, grant number

AbstractIn order to significantly reduce global carbon emissions, it is necessary also to control CO2 emissions in fast growing emerging economies such as India. The question is how the Indian economy would be affected by including the country in an international climate regime. In this analysis we soft-link a global and a single-country computable general equilibrium model in order to be able to capture distributional issues as well as international repercussions. We analyze different options of transferring revenues from domestic carbon taxes and international transfers to different household types and the effects of different assumptions on exchange rates on transfer payments. Our results show (i) that welfare effects can differ significantly for different household types, which is generally ignored in analyses with global models, and (ii) that these effects are significantly influenced by international price repercussions and by accounting for transfers from international permit sales which is generally ignored in single-country models.

"This edited book is the first to reflect on childhood obesity as a global legal challenge. It calls for a thorough commitment to human rights in the face of an ascendant global agri-food industry. The book makes an original contribution to the discussion on obesity as it considers both international economic law and human rights law perspectives on the issue whilst also examining the relationship between these two bodies of international law. After highlighting the importance of a human rights-based approach to obesity prevention, this book discusses the relevance of international economic law to the promotion of healthier food environments. It then examines the potential of international human rights law for more effective regulation of the food industry, arguing for better coordination between UN actors and more systematic reliance on human rights tools, including: the best interests of the child principle, human rights due diligence processes, and the imposition of extraterritorial obligations. The concluding chapter reflects on recurring themes and the added value of a WHO Framework Convention on Obesity Prevention. This book will be of interest to public health scholars, particularly those working on obesity and non-communicable diseases, and those with a broader interest in children's rights, human rights, international trade, investment, consumer or food law and policy. It will also be relevant to policy actors working to improve nutrition and public health globally"--

Stamped on cover: Jan. 5, 1978. ; "B-133220." ; "ID-76-80." ; Mode of access: Internet.