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Field Epidemiology Training Program (FETP) program in field epidemiology adapted from the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Epidemic Intelligence Service (EIS) program and designed to assist the Ministry of Health in building or strengthening health systems and improve leadership within Public Health Emergency Management. The EFELTP provides residents a Master of Public Health in Field Epidemiology after complete two years of supervised work in applied or field epidemiology. The program has two main components: Classroom-teaching component (25%) and practical attachment or field placement component (75%). The role of public health practitioners includes ensuring effective health promotion, disease prevention and control activities by conducting surveillance on emerging public health threats and providing continues information to policy makers and public health officials. From October, 2017 to up today, I have stayed in Field Epidemiology Training Program, School of Public Health-AAU and at both EPHI and Oromia Regional Health Bureau field base. I learned a lot of public health activities during my stay. This document is compiled body of works accomplished during the two years stay at field base of the field epidemiology training program in Addis Ababa University- School of Public Health. Chapter I: We conducted two epidemiological investigation of outbreak (Malaria and Measles). We used both descriptive and Analytical epidemiology for both outbreaks to describe the pattern and magnitude of the diseases and identify associated risk factors with the outbreak. A total of 348 confirmed malaria cases with no death was identified during February to March 2018 in Darimu Woreda of Iluababora zone, Oromia region. We identify Presence of mosquito's vector/breeding sites, unprotected dam for irrigation, and similar sick patient in the house hold as independent risk factors for malaria outbreak in the woreda. Poor in detection, notification of the outbreak and implementation of larva control measures are a toll for this outbreak. we recommend strengthen malaria surveillance system, identifying potential vector breeding site, Proactive vector control, redistribution of the ITN prior to malaria season and address utilization gaps on bed net through health education. Measles outbreak in Liben woreda of Guji zone, Oromia region. we investigate from December 12 to 20, 2018. A total of 15 measles cases were identified and 3/5 tested were confirmed by measles specific IgM antibody test. Traveling history to adjacent Woreda, presence of measles cases in the house and being unvaccinated are found to be independent risk factor for this outbreak. Religious exemption is identified as major factor for being not vaccinated, which is opposed the >100% vaccine coverage report of the woreda. Target measles vaccination with vitamin A supplementation amongst under five, Suspension of public collection from suspected measles cases rumour reported, health education on religious area, strengthen cold chain management and furthers study on vaccine acceptance and associated factor with sufficient sample size were recomended. Chapter II: We conduct Five-year (2013-2017) malaria data analysis at south west shoa zone and describe by person, place and time. Malaria cases in the zone were decreased by 80.5 percent by 2017 compared to the baseline year of 2013. The zone was in line with achieve high level National malaria strategy plan. Burden of malaria cases was still high among three Woredas. Peak malaria case between September and December. We recommend ITN's distribution and IRS for respective high malaria endemic woreda and scale up of malaria prevention and control intervention prior to the respective period and harmonizing HMIS and PHEM system at all reporting level in order to generating reliable and quality data. Chapter III: We conducted Evaluation of surveillance system from February 01-18, 2019 in Bale zone. (N=43): Measles surveillance was selected and assessed. The system in place found to be simple, flexible and stable in operating well without interruption and helpful in case detection but not useful (fail) to meet objectives of surveillance for action and low in representativeness and acceptable. We recommend widen the surveillance chain among private health facilities, upgrading data management to electronic at all level. Chapter IV: We conducted description of Health profile in Gindeberet Woreda, West Shoa Zone, Oromia region February 10 to 30, 2018. we found Acute febrile illness, pneumonia and acute upper respiratory tract infection were leading causes of adult morbidity and very low TB and HIV case detection. We recommend, targeted HIV counseling and testing. Chapter V: We prepared scientific manuscript for peer reviewed journals on Malaria outbreak investigation in Darimu woreda, Iluababora Zone 2018. The manuscript was prepared according to Ethiopian journal of health development authors guideline. Chapter VI: We prepared two abstracts for submission to scientific conference: - 1. Measles Outbreak Investigation in pocket area of Liben Woreda, Guji Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia- December, 2018. 2. Malaria Outbreak Investigation Darimu Woreda of Iluababora Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia, March 2018. Chapter VII: We conduct Narrative Summary of Disaster situation report (Meher Assessment) at three Zone of Agro pastoral zone of Oromia Region (Guji, West Guji and Borana) from November 22 to December 12, 2019. There were increased malnutrition case, because of double burden effect of high influx of IDPs and drought in all accessed zones. With this junction, there is emergency nutrition intervention/supply stock out in West Guji and Borana Zone. We recommended the RHB and FMOH should fill the gaps/shortage of nutrition supplies, emergency drug and ensure capacity for timely response. Chapter VIII: Epidemiological research project was prepared on ITNS Utilization and associated factors among settler's population in Darimu woreda of Iluababora Zone, Oromia Region 2019. Community based cross sectional study will be conducted from April to May/2019. Multi-stage sampling technique will be used to get study subjects. Sample size will be determined by using Epi info by using 80% ITNs utilization from pervious study. Total 541 house hold will be assessed in this study and 37,966.96 ETB estimated budget requiring. Chapter IX: Training was given for 59 Health professionals working at Woreda and Health facilities of two zones from December 22-25, 2018. The training was organized by Oromia regional health bureau with collaboration of WHO at Ambo Town. The training was addressed overview of PHEM System, Public Health Emergency Preparedness, Epidemiology of 20 Notifiable Diseases, Early Warning Prevention, Health Emergency Response and Recovery. The training was supported by practical demonstration and group work presentation. Lack of printed training manual is a challenge, so we recommend training preparation should de include all necessary format and manual for trainers. Also I participate in different trainings and conferences in different places, namely: - I have attended AFENET Scientific conference at Addis Ababa June 2018. I have attended the training of Disaster Medical Assistance Team as central DMAT member at Bishoftu town from January 21-27,2019. I participate on Regional semi-annual PHEM review at Adama from February 1114/2019 and Public Health emergency preparedness and response on public mass-gathering at Kulib-Gebril Celebration December 2018. Other additional output: I conduct Six Regional public health emergency Weekly bulletin. I including only one of weekly bulletin in this document. Weekly bulletin results were disseminated for all Zones, Administrative Towns, Regional PHEM staff and different stakeholders including governmental and non-governmental organization on weekly bases.

e Ethiopia Field Epidemiology Training Program is a two years' service program in field epidemiology adapted from United States Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) epidemic intelligence service (EIS) program. The program is designed to assist the ministry of health in building or strengthen health system by recruiting and promising health workers and building their competence through on the job mentorship and training. The program has two main components a class room - teaching component (25%) and practical attachment or field placement component (75%). June 17, 2016, the Gela'lo District Health Office announced to the Afar Regional Health Bureau Public Health Emergency Management (PHEM) department. There were 79 suspected measles cases and 1 deaths occurred in two kebelle (Debel and kodie) of the district. The region deployed a team of investigators on February 26, 2016, to undertake possible investigations and intervention measures. The team provided rapid response and control during the outbreaks. We interviewed 30 cases; a 1.25% case fatality rate from 27th February, 2016 to 15th March 2016. Seventy three of the patients (93.3%) were from Kodie kebele (attack rate of 15.2 per 1000 population) and seven of the patients (8.75%) were from Debel Kebele (attak rate 0.18 per 1000 population). Ethiopia is one of the six countries that contribute to about 50% of the maternal deaths Worldwide. The others being India, Nigeria, Pakistan, Afghanistan and the Democratic Republic of Congo (Lancet, April 2010). We conducted retrospective cross-sectional study of maternal death audit in Tigray region to describe the data in term of time, place, and person and the causes of maternal deaths were described by percent. XIV The number of maternal deaths in three years was 286. In 2013 G.C, 45.5% of deaths were occurred and 72.64% were direct obstetrics. The timing of deaths relation to pregnancy in postpartum was 212(76.89%). Most of the deaths were due to hemorrhage followed by sepsis which were 171(50.94%) and 24(8.49%) respectively. From all maternal deaths, 72(25.09%) were from central zone, 78(27.53%) were from North West zone and 58(20.21%) were from Southern zone, 36(12.53%) were Eastern zone, 31(10.8%) were from western zone, 11(3.83%) were from Mekelle special zone. Thus, the number of deaths were high in north western zone; followed by western zone even though Central zone signify 25.5% of deaths occurred. Because, the population of central zone were much higher compared to them and the deaths were lower in eastern zone compared to all five zones. Because, measuring maternal mortality is difficult and complex, reliable estimates of the dimensions of the problem are not generally available and assessing progress towards the goal of reducing maternal mortality is difficult. In particular, it tells us nothing about the faces behind the numbers, the individual stories of suffering and distress and the real underlying reasons why particular women died. We conducted MDSR Evaluation to evaluate the performance of the existing surveillance system of maternal deaths of the North Western Zone, Tigray region, April, 2016. In 16(80) % of health facilities there were national manuals for MDSR. But in 4(10%) of the health facilities which had not national manual for MDSR which were health posts in rural area. Only the regional health bureau used a computerized system to monitor district completeness and timeliness reporting, but there was no cross checking how many health facilities reported at the ground level. There was shortage of reporting format in the last six months in all visited health facilities and health offices except one health center. In one of the district offices they use their own hand written paper to receive reports. Overall completeness of reporting of the visited sites was 83.3%, completeness of reporting was high in Atsegede Tsimbila district (98.9%) followed by Medebay zana (69%). XV Timeliness of reporting from health post to health center then to district of maternal death is difficult to evaluate because date of receipt was not recorded in all health facilities. Finally, we concluded that supportive supervision on quarterly basis is a good trend in Tigray region but specific surveillance system evaluation and feedback is not practiced at regular basis. Laboratory participation in surveillance is very limited and quality assurance system is not practiced in health facilities by the regional health research laboratory. Data utilization is very low at the lower level of the reporting unit. No refunding mechanism for personal telephone expenditures. Reporting entities are almost governmental health facilities, only limited number of private health sectors have participated in reporting of the diseases under surveillance. We conducted Health profile Description report to assess health and health related issues about health status of the Aysata District, Afar Region, in April, 2015. Different instruments like checklists and structured questionnaire were used as tools for data collection from various governmental organizations such as district health office, health facilities, education sector, finance office, agriculture sector, district water resource office, district electric power authority and district political administration office. The district has two health centers and nine health posts; with ratio of 1: 30,295 health center to population ratio and 1: 6,732 health post to population ratio. Health center coverage was above 100 % and health post 98.8%; with the ratio of 1:39,525, 1:3,040 and 1:3,953 health officer, nurse, HEW to population respectively. No X-ray technicians and environmental health experts were found in the district. From the total district health professional (manpower) females account 38.7%. About 350 community health agents were working XVI in the district on health promotion and disease prevention activities. The overall health worker to population ratio was 1.02. No diagnostic laboratories were available in the district. The overall health worker ratio per 1000 population was 1.02. This result is far less than the standard set by the World Health Organization of 2.3 per 1000 population. Malaria was the top causes of morbidity in 2015, 68.6%, outbreak was occurred in 2015; lack of ITNs coverage and problem of environmental sanitation may contributed to its existence. Females experience higher incidence of HIV/AIDS; 3/10000 population which is 1.8 times higher than males. This may be attributed to the biological vulnerable nature of females and//or more of those were engaged as commercial sex workers. But, there was encouraging screening program which diagnosed significant amount of peoples in its system. The overall 0.54% prevalence of HIV in Aysata district is less than the EDHS 2011 finding (1.5%). Participatory humanitarian needs assessments help to understand the actual emergency situations at the grassroots level. The Government of Ethiopia has been conducting two Disaster Risk Management and Food Security Sector led by multi-agency emergency needs assessments following the Meher/Karma and Belg/Sugum rainy seasons every year in selected hotspot woredas nationwide. Health/nutrition emergency needs assessment was anticipated to identify, analyze and evaluate public health risk factors resulted from the outcomes of 2015 Sugum season in Afar Regional State based on six hotspot woredas, (two woredas from zone four and four woredas from Zone two). It is known to be affected with recurrent drought. Moreover, access to food and nutrition, water supply and sanitation, financial income, and health services is very low. The major health risks in the region are Malaria, Diarrhea, pneumonia & other AURTI2.

e Ethiopia Field Epidemiology Training Program is a two years' service program in field epidemiology adapted from United States Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) epidemic intelligence service (EIS) program. The program is designed to assist the ministry of health in building or strengthen health system by recruiting and promising health workers and building their competence through on the job mentorship and training. The program has two main components a class room - teaching component (25%) and practical attachment or field placement component (75%). June 17, 2016, the Gela'lo District Health Office announced to the Afar Regional Health Bureau Public Health Emergency Management (PHEM) department. There were 79 suspected measles cases and 1 deaths occurred in two kebelle (Debel and kodie) of the district. The region deployed a team of investigators on February 26, 2016, to undertake possible investigations and intervention measures. The team provided rapid response and control during the outbreaks. We interviewed 30 cases; a 1.25% case fatality rate from 27th February, 2016 to 15th March 2016. Seventy three of the patients (93.3%) were from Kodie kebele (attack rate of 15.2 per 1000 population) and seven of the patients (8.75%) were from Debel Kebele (attak rate 0.18 per 1000 population). Ethiopia is one of the six countries that contribute to about 50% of the maternal deaths Worldwide. The others being India, Nigeria, Pakistan, Afghanistan and the Democratic Republic of Congo (Lancet, April 2010). We conducted retrospective cross-sectional study of maternal death audit in Tigray region to describe the data in term of time, place, and person and the causes of maternal deaths were described by percent. XIV The number of maternal deaths in three years was 286. In 2013 G.C, 45.5% of deaths were occurred and 72.64% were direct obstetrics. The timing of deaths relation to pregnancy in postpartum was 212(76.89%). Most of the deaths were due to hemorrhage followed by sepsis which were 171(50.94%) and 24(8.49%) respectively. From all maternal deaths, 72(25.09%) were from central zone, 78(27.53%) were from North West zone and 58(20.21%) were from Southern zone, 36(12.53%) were Eastern zone, 31(10.8%) were from western zone, 11(3.83%) were from Mekelle special zone. Thus, the number of deaths were high in north western zone; followed by western zone even though Central zone signify 25.5% of deaths occurred. Because, the population of central zone were much higher compared to them and the deaths were lower in eastern zone compared to all five zones. Because, measuring maternal mortality is difficult and complex, reliable estimates of the dimensions of the problem are not generally available and assessing progress towards the goal of reducing maternal mortality is difficult. In particular, it tells us nothing about the faces behind the numbers, the individual stories of suffering and distress and the real underlying reasons why particular women died. We conducted MDSR Evaluation to evaluate the performance of the existing surveillance system of maternal deaths of the North Western Zone, Tigray region, April, 2016. In 16(80) % of health facilities there were national manuals for MDSR. But in 4(10%) of the health facilities which had not national manual for MDSR which were health posts in rural area. Only the regional health bureau used a computerized system to monitor district completeness and timeliness reporting, but there was no cross checking how many health facilities reported at the ground level. There was shortage of reporting format in the last six months in all visited health facilities and health offices except one health center. In one of the district offices they use their own hand written paper to receive reports. Overall completeness of reporting of the visited sites was 83.3%, completeness of reporting was high in Atsegede Tsimbila district (98.9%) followed by Medebay zana (69%). XV Timeliness of reporting from health post to health center then to district of maternal death is difficult to evaluate because date of receipt was not recorded in all health facilities. Finally, we concluded that supportive supervision on quarterly basis is a good trend in Tigray region but specific surveillance system evaluation and feedback is not practiced at regular basis. Laboratory participation in surveillance is very limited and quality assurance system is not practiced in health facilities by the regional health research laboratory. Data utilization is very low at the lower level of the reporting unit. No refunding mechanism for personal telephone expenditures. Reporting entities are almost governmental health facilities, only limited number of private health sectors have participated in reporting of the diseases under surveillance. We conducted Health profile Description report to assess health and health related issues about health status of the Aysata District, Afar Region, in April, 2015. Different instruments like checklists and structured questionnaire were used as tools for data collection from various governmental organizations such as district health office, health facilities, education sector, finance office, agriculture sector, district water resource office, district electric power authority and district political administration office. The district has two health centers and nine health posts; with ratio of 1: 30,295 health center to population ratio and 1: 6,732 health post to population ratio. Health center coverage was above 100 % and health post 98.8%; with the ratio of 1:39,525, 1:3,040 and 1:3,953 health officer, nurse, HEW to population respectively. No X-ray technicians and environmental health experts were found in the district. From the total district health professional (manpower) females account 38.7%. About 350 community health agents were working XVI in the district on health promotion and disease prevention activities. The overall health worker to population ratio was 1.02. No diagnostic laboratories were available in the district. The overall health worker ratio per 1000 population was 1.02. This result is far less than the standard set by the World Health Organization of 2.3 per 1000 population. Malaria was the top causes of morbidity in 2015, 68.6%, outbreak was occurred in 2015; lack of ITNs coverage and problem of environmental sanitation may contributed to its existence. Females experience higher incidence of HIV/AIDS; 3/10000 population which is 1.8 times higher than males. This may be attributed to the biological vulnerable nature of females and//or more of those were engaged as commercial sex workers. But, there was encouraging screening program which diagnosed significant amount of peoples in its system. The overall 0.54% prevalence of HIV in Aysata district is less than the EDHS 2011 finding (1.5%). Participatory humanitarian needs assessments help to understand the actual emergency situations at the grassroots level. The Government of Ethiopia has been conducting two Disaster Risk Management and Food Security Sector led by multi-agency emergency needs assessments following the Meher/Karma and Belg/Sugum rainy seasons every year in selected hotspot woredas nationwide. Health/nutrition emergency needs assessment was anticipated to identify, analyze and evaluate public health risk factors resulted from the outcomes of 2015 Sugum season in Afar Regional State based on six hotspot woredas, (two woredas from zone four and four woredas from Zone two). It is known to be affected with recurrent drought. Moreover, access to food and nutrition, water supply and sanitation, financial income, and health services is very low. The major health risks in the region are Malaria, Diarrhea, pneumonia & other AURTI2.

Chapter 1. Introduction (Emily E. Anderson) -- Part 1. History, Codes of Ethics, Regulations -- Chapter 2. Theoretical roots of stakeholder-engaged research and reflections on CBPR and PCOR as a response to past research abuses (Meredith Minkler) -- Chapter 3. A philosophical justification for stakeholder engagement and key principles/a conceptual model for ethical stakeholder-engaged research (Emily E. Anderson) -- Chapter 4. Epistemology and stakeholder engagement/impact of diversity on ethical standards and practices (Kevin C. Elliott) -- Chapter 5. The limitations of the Belmont principles for stakeholder-engaged research (Elisa Hurley) -- Chapter 6. Canada's approach to regulating research with indigenous peoples (Kim Anderson) -- Chapter 7. The Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS) Ethical Guidelines and Stakeholder Engagement (Alex John London) -- Chapter 8. History and philosophy of patient engagement in clinical research (Robert M. Califf) -- Part 2. Promoting Equitable Collaboration -- Chapter 9. Who represents the community? Diversity and inclusion (Ann-Gel Palermo) -- Chapter 10. Engagement for equity and sustainability; developing an equitable partnership; power-sharing, accountability, communication, conflict resolution, and trust (Giselle Corbie-Smith) -- Chapter 11 -- Capacity building and benefits to communities; Credit and compensation for community and patient stakeholders (Elizabeth Ripley) -- Chapter 12. Engaging communities in agenda setting: deciding what questions get asked and how (Alice Ammerman) -- Chapter 13. Conflicts of interest in research that engages stakeholders [individual and organizational] (Susannah Rose) -- Part 3. Stakeholder Voices -- Chapter 14. "Crossing over" or "between two worlds" – The story of a someone whose engagement in research motivated them to get formal training in research or research ethics (Gigi McMillan) -- Chapter 15. A community IRB member/member of a community-based ethics review board (Bronx Community Research Review Board) -- Chapter 16. A stakeholder who has served as a PI (Sharon Terry) -- Chapter 17. A stakeholder who has served as a community advisory board member (Sandra Crouse Quinn) -- Chapter 18. The challenges of working in your own community -- Chapter 19. A patient advocate's experience engaging in research -- Part 4. Human Research Protections and Research Ethics Review -- Chapter 20. Stakeholder engaged research and (the limits of) IRB review (Jennifer Cross) -- Chapter 21. Community-level risks and benefits (Lainie Ross) -- chapter 22. The principle of respect for community - a new principle (Nancy Shore) -- Chapter 23. Challenges in the field and in interactions with research participants; challenges to voluntary informed consent, privacy, and confidentiality; Moral distress among lay stakeholders (Maghbooba Mosavel) -- Chapter 24. The notion of community consent (Charles Weijer) -- Chapter 25. Community-based research review processes (Hal Strelnick) -- Chapter 26. Data ownership and deciding what gets published (Melody Goodman) -- Part 5. Case Studies: Ethics of Stakeholder-Engaged Research Across Settings -- Chapter 27. Research in emergency settings: public notification and consultation (Ryan Spellecy) -- Chapter 28. Engaging stakeholders in genomics research and the governance of biobanks (Michelle McGowan) -- Chapter 29. Engaging online patient communities in research (Elizabeth Buchanan) -- Chapter 30. Engaging patient advocates in research (Deborah Collyar) -- Chapter 31. Engaging rare disease communities (Laura P. Forsythe) -- Chapter 32. Engaging stakeholders in basic science research (Rhonda Kost) -- Chapter 33. Engaging indigenous communities/ American Indian communities in Research (Bonnie Duran) -- Chapter 34. North Americans engaging internationally (Amy Corneli) -- Chapter 35. Engaging stakeholders in environmental health research (Doug Brugge) -- Chapter 36. Engaging stakeholders in research on stigmatized health conditions (e.g., mental health, addiction, HIV) (Dennis Watson) -- Chapter 37. Engaging youth in research (Celia Fisher).

Introduction: Multiple perspectives on diverse aging experiences / Anne-Marie Séguin, Véronique Billette, and Patrik Marier -- Muths and realities about seniors / Ignace Olazabal and Julien Simard -- Living on easy street?: the myth of the affluent senior / Patrik Marier, Yves Carrièr, and Jonathan Purenne -- Older adults: allergic to social change? / Julien Simard and Ignace Olazabal -- "That's surprising, at your age!": the myth of digital disinterest / Kim Sawchuk, Line Grenier, and Constance Lafontaine -- Grey-haired neurons: does an accurate memory have to become a memento of younger days? / Maxime Lussier, Manon Parisien, Nathalie Bier, and Sophie Laforest -- Do most very old Quebecers live in residential long-term care centres? / Anne-Marie Séguin, Isabelle van Pevenage, and Chloé Dauphinais -- Age-friendly cities: a panacea for aging in place? / Meghan Joy, Patrik Marier, and Anne-Marie Séguin -- Seniors and their cars: choice or necessity? / Paula Negron-Poblete and Anne-Marie Séguin -- Challenging the myth of older homelessness as chronic homelessness / Victoria Burns -- Are penitentiaries suitable places for older inmates? / Michel Gagnon and Michel Dunn -- Older adults living with mental health problems: "nothing more can be done with them" / Ginette Aubin and Bernadette Dallaire -- Aging with intellectual and developmental disabilities: the myth of the eternal child / Daniel Dickson -- Older adults are not affected by HIV/AIDS: the origins and consequences of a misconception / Isabelle Wallach -- Aging, sexuality, and the "cougar" myth / Milaine Alarie -- Sexual assault of older women: an unthinkable reality / Mélanie Couture, Milaine Alarie, Sarita Israel, and Marie-Pier Petit -- Are older adults safe from conjugal violence? / Sarita Israel, Mélanie Couture, and Marie-Pier Petit -- Living longer: years of retirement or years of work? / Yves Carriére, Patrik Marier, Jonathan Purenne, and Diane Galarneau -- Older workers: a societal problem? / Marie-Michèle Lord and Pierre-Yves Therriault -- Do older adults have all the time in the world? / Isabel Wiebe, Anne-Marie Séguin, Philippe Apparicio, and Véronique Billette -- Can one enjoy a happy retirement without volunteering? / Julie Castonguay, Julie Foriter, Andrée Sévigny, Hélène Carbonneau, and Marie Beaulieu -- The social participation of older people: get on board, as they used to say! / Émilie Raymond, Julie Castonguay, Mireille Fortier, and Andrée Sévigny -- How older adults experience bereavement: does greater frequency make death easier to bear? / Valérie Bourgeois-Guérin, Isabelle van Pevenage, Jeanne Lachance, Rock-André Blondin, and Antonin Marquis -- Palliative care for those dying of "old age": unmet needs / Isabelle van Pevenage, Patrick Durivage, Véronique Billette, Patricia Friesen, and Eleonora Bogdanova -- Do older adults wish to die at home (and can they)? / Isabelle van Pevenage, Patrick Durivage, Anne-Marie Séguin, and Laurence Hamel-Roy -- Are families abandoning older relatives? / Isabelle van Pevenage, Zelda Freitas, Patrik Marier, and Pam Orzeck -- Multiple autonomies: navigating the world of home care services / Norma Gilbert, Annette Leibing, and Patrik Marier -- LGBT older adults: who is there to support them and care for them as they age? / Julie Beauchamp, Shari Brotman, Line Chamberland, and Ilyan Ferrer -- Care provision to older immigrants by their families: when discrimination creates barriers to services / Ilyan Ferrer and Shari Brotman -- Conclusion: Public policy issues and the complexities of aging / Patrik Marier, Anne-Marie Séguin, and Véronique Billette.

Introduction /Lise Nelson,Joni Seager --PART I. CONTEXTS --Situating gender /Liz Bondi,Joyce Davidson --Anti-racist feminism in geogrpahy: an agenda for social action /Audrey Kobayashi --A bodily notion of research: power, difference, and specificity in feminist methodology /Pamela Moss --Transnational mobilities and challenges /Brenda S.A. Yeoh --PART II. WORK --Feminist analyses of work: rethinking the boundaries, gendering, and spatiality of work /Kim England,Victoria Lawson --Shea Butter, globalization, and women of Burkina Faso /Marlène Elias,Judith Carney --Working on the global assembly line /Altha J. Cravey --From migrant to immigrant: domestic workers settle in Vancouver, Canada /Geraldine Pratt in collaboration with the Philippine Women Centre --Borders, embodiment, and mobility: feminist migration studies in geography /Rachel Silvey --The changing roles of female labor in economic expansion and decline: the case of the Istanbul clothing industry /Ayda Eraydin,Asuman Turkun-Erendil --Female labor in sex trafficking: a darker side of globalization /Vidyamali Samarasinghe --Changing the gender of entrepreneurship /Susan Hanson,Megan Blake --Gender and empowerment: creating "Thus far and no further" supportive structures. A case from India /Saraswati Raju --PART III. CITY --Feminist geographies of the "city": multiple voices, multiple meanings /Valerie Preston,Ebru Ustundag --Spaces of change: gender, information technology, and new geographies of mobility and fixity in the early twentieth-century information economy /Kate Boyer --Gender and the city: the different formations of belonging /Tovi Fenster --Urban space in plural: elastic, tamed, suppressed /Hille Koskela --Daycare services provision for working women in Japan /Kamiya Hiroo --Organizing from the margins: grappling with "empowerment" in India and South Africa /Richa Nagar,Amanda Lock Swarr --Moving beyond "gender and GIS" to a feminist perspective on information technologies: the impact of welfare reform on women's IT needs /Melissa R. Gilbert,Michele Masucci --Women outdoors: destabilizing the public/private dichotomy /Phil Hubbard --PART IV. BODY --Situating bodies /Robyn Longhurst --Bodies, state discipline, and the performance of gender in a South African women's prison /Teresa Dirsuweit --HIV/AIDS interventions and the politics of the African woman's body /Kawango Agot --British Pakistani Muslim women: marking the body, marking the nation /Robina Mohammad --Transversal circuits: transnational sexualities and Trinidad /Jasbir Kaur Puar --PART V. ENVIRONMENT --Listening to the landscapes of Mama Tingo: from the "Woman question" in sustainable development to feminist political ecology in Zambrana-Chacuey, Dominican Republic /Dianne Rocheleu --Gender relations beyond farm fences: reframing the spatial context of local forest livelihoods /Anoja Wickramasinghe --The new species of capitalism: an ecofeminist comment on animal biotechnology /Jody Emel,Julie Urbanik --Siren songs: gendered discourses of concern for sea creatures /Jennifer Wolch,Jin Zhang --Geographic information and women's empowerment: a breast cancer example /Sara McLafferty --Performing a "global sense of place": women's actions for environmental justice /Giovanna Di Chiro --PART IV. STATE/NATION --Feminist political geographies /Eleonore Kofman --Gender, race, and nationalism: American identity and economic imperialism at the turn of the twentieth century /Mona Domosh --Virility and violation in the US "War on Terrorism" /Matthew G. Hannah --Feminist geopolitics and September 11 /Jennifer Hyndman --Love for sale: marketing gay male p/leisure space in contemporary Cape Town, South Africa /Glen S. Elder --Women's struggles for sustainable peace in post-conflict Peru: a feminist analysis of violence and change /Maureen Hays-Mitchell.

La present tesi doctoral estudia la representació de l'erotisme en la producció d'Ana Rossetti (San Fernando, 1950). Concretament, se centra en el corpus format pels Los devaneos de Erato (1980), Indicios vehementes (1985), Devocionario (1986), Plumas de España (1988), Yesterday (1988) i Alevosías (1991). Aquesta delimitació ve imposada per la decisió d'estudiar un fenomen molt concret: l'auge del gènere eròtic que es va produir després de la fi del règim dictatorial. No obstant això, com demostra la producció rossettiana, a l'apogeu de les manifestacions eròtiques i sicalíptiques de les dècades dels anys setanta i vuitanta li va seguir un ràpid declivi. Principalment perquè aquest gènere va deixar de ser nou, però, en certa manera, també pel fet que després de la consolidació del sistema democràtic es van normalitzar els nous costums en matèria sexual. En última instància, aquesta tesi analitza la producció eròtica d'Ana Rossetti a través dels següents eixos temàtics: l'educació sentimental i sexual rebuda durant l'Espanya nacionalcatòlica, l'alliberament sexual en el context de la «Movida madrileña» i els esdeveniments que van propiciar el desencantament democràtic, entre ells, l'aparició del VIH/sida. ; La presente tesis doctoral estudia la representación del erotismo en la producción de Ana Rossetti (San Fernando, 1950). Concretamente, se centra en el corpus formado por Los devaneos de Erato (1980), Indicios vehementes (1985), Devocionario (1986), Plumas de España (1988), Yesterday (1988) y Alevosías (1991). Esta delimitación viene impuesta por la decisión de estudiar un fenómeno muy concreto: el auge del género erótico que se produjo tras el fin del régimen dictatorial. No obstante, como demuestra la producción rossettiana, al apogeo de las manifestaciones eróticas y sicalípticas de las décadas de los años setenta y ochenta le siguió un rápido declive. Principalmente porque este género dejó de ser novedoso, pero, en cierto modo, también debido a que tras la consolidación del sistema democrático se normalizaron las nuevas costumbres en materia sexual. En última instancia, esta tesis analiza la producción erótica de Ana Rosssetti a través de los siguientes ejes temáticos: la educación sentimental y sexual recibida durante la España nacionalcatólica, la liberación sexual en el contexto de la «Movida madrileña» y los acontecimientos que propiciaron el desencanto democrático, entre ellos, la aparición del VIH/sida. ; This doctoral thesis studies the representation of eroticism in the work of Ana Rossetti (San Fernando, 1950). Specifically, it focuses on the corpus formed by Los devaneos de Erato (1980), Indicios vehementes (1985), Devocionario (1986), Plumas de España (1988), Yesterday (1988) and Alevosías (1991). This delimitation is imposed by the decision to study a very specific phenomenon: the rise of the erotic genre that took place after the end of the dictatorial regime. However, as Rossetti's production shows, the apogge of the erotic manifestations of the 1970s and 1980s was followed by a rapid decline. Mainly because this genre ceased to be novel, but also because after the consolidation of the democratic system, the new habits in sexual matters were normalised. Ultimately, this thesis analyses Ana Rosssetti's erotic production through the following thematic axes: the sentimental and sexual education received during National Catholic Spain, sexual liberation in the context of the "Movida madrileña" and the events that led to democratic disenchantment, among them, the emergence of HIV/AIDS.

The period from the outbreak of the first Covid19 diseases in China to the epidemic in Italy and currently also the drastically increasing number of reports of infected people in Switzerland lasted only 8 weeks. As a consequence, public life was drastically reduced, schools were closed and employees were recommended or ordered to work in their home office. One basis for these preventive measures was a high degree of flexibility of each individual and alternative forms of work and also alternate forms of care in society. Nevertheless, there are institutions that are reaching their limits and are neither able to maintain physical distance nor couldn't work without their employees. These are institutions with a governmental mandate, whose clients are in a total system, the coercive context in mandated settings. In particular, these are institutions of the prison system, therapy facilities, as well as care facilities for children and young people. Here, on the one hand, the possibilities of living in a distance are drastically restricted, the employees must already be on site due to the security aspect, and the possibilities for information and communication are also classically handled restrictively. In addition, these are per se vulnerable groups because of infectious diseases such as hepatitis and HIV occur 9 times more frequently than in the overall population (Getaz 2019). In order to stop the epidemic, actually work opportunities have to be stopped for the inmates/clients, visits are forbidden and educational and leisure activities are nearly restricted. Furthermore, in particular, holidays and releases are suspended and pandemic containment plans are applied if necessary. However, it is not clear what these plans are (Amt für Justizvollzug 2020). Therapy talks and preparations for release are also restricted, which hinders the new admission of new persons due to capacity reasons. Nevertheless, the institutions of the justice system and of care in the area of children and young people have a duty of care and the statutory mandate to adapt life in a coercive context to the conditions in freedom, including the health care. (StGB Art. 75). The questions that arise are as follows:
• How can prevention measures be implemented in closed coercive contexts?
• How can health care be guaranteed with regard to Covid19 in coercive contexts? and: Which particular challenges arise from the specific clients who are described as a high risk group of persons with pre-ilnesses and psychological problems?
• How is the right to information and the right to contact clients/residents implemented during the phase of exclusion and additional preventive restrictions?
In order to answer these questions, several institutions of mandatory context, will be examined in more detail by means of qualitative interviews with employees from: prisons, youth housing and therapy facilities as well as residential and work externalities. In addition, leaders of the Concordats and the offices of correctional services will be included. The aim of the study is to find out which strategies and measures have proven to be helpful in dealing with pandemics and crisis situations, so they can be managed better in the future and the repertoire of action can be expanded by identifying problem areas from a scientific perspective across institutions and cantons in order to recommend best practice. The questions relate to three sub-areas of the call for proposals:
- Management of Covid19 Desease – (in coercive contexts)
- Infection prevention, including protection of the employees (and the clients)
- Impact of the (social) media communication

The article presents the results of the research on the part of «evergreening patents» in the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine focusing on the daft laws registered in the Ukrainian Parliament (Verkhovna Rada) of Ukraine. The authors analyse the criteria of patent abuse as obstacles to access to treatment, and analyse the novel initiatives aimed at overcoming such abuse. In particular, it concerns thepatentability's criteria of inventions on pharmaceutical products, the possibility to oppose the applications on inventions by a person whose rights or interests are violated by a patent application and prohibition of patenting substances as the utility models.At the level of the national legislation patent reform was initiated by the Parliament of Ukraine on the first reading by the draft Law of Ukraine «On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine (on Patent Law Reform)» as of October 10, 2019.For the national experts, drafting the mentioned Law, the necessity to provide evergreening research in the field of health care was obvious from the 2014. In 2014 year, the National Academy of Law Sciences of Ukraine in close cooperation with NGO 100 % of Life started the global research — Harmonization of Human Rights and Intellectual Property Rights in the Field of Medicine and Pharmacy. We have to stress that only the evergreening patent research in the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine took near three years. The Research reflects that the gaps of the Ukrainian patent system which causes the possibility to grant evergreening patents have the straight impact on access to vital treatment. The methodology of the research is based on the Guidelines on Examination of the Patent Application in the field of Medicine and Pharmaceuticals based on the recommendations of the WHO and Guidelines for the Examination of Patent Applications Relating to Pharmaceuticals of the UNDP.Thus, the subject of the research is 132 patents covering vital medicines in the field of HIV, hepatitis C, tuberculosis, oncology, rheumatoid arthritis and others. The basis for the research is the followings: the patented single-source medicines, the part of which in the centralized procurements exceeded $ 100,000 in 2017 and the medicines that part of which in hospital and pharmacy procurements exceeded 50 million hryvnia (UAH) in 2017. The research also includes the patented medicines which are or which were not available because of the patent status. ; В статье представлены результаты исследования доли «вечнозеленых патентов» на фармацевтическом рынке Украины сквозь призму законопроектных инициатив, зарегистрированных в ВерховнойРаде Украины. Авторами проанализированы признаки злоупотребления патентными правами как препятствия доступа к лечению; новеллы законопроектных инициатив, нацеленных на их преодоление. В частности, речь идет об условиях патентоспособности изобретений в сфере фармации, возможности обжалования заявок на изобретения любым лицом, чьи права или охраняемые законом интересы нарушает заявка, и о необходимости устранения веществ из числа объектов патентования полезных моделей. ; У статті представлено результати дослідження щодо частки «вічнозелених патентів» на фармацевтичному ринку України крізь призму законопроєктних ініціатив, зареєстрованих у Верховній Раді України. Авторами проаналізовано ознаки зловживання патентними правами як перешкоди доступу до лікування; новели законопроєктних ініціатив, спрямованих на їх подолання. Зокрема, ідеться про умови патентоздатності винаходів у сфері фармації, можливості оскарження заявок на винаходи будь-якою особою, права або охоронювані законом інтереси якої порушує заявка, та про необхідність усунення речовин з-поміж об'єктів патентування корисних моделей.

The article presents the results of the research on the part of «evergreening patents» in the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine focusing on the daft laws registered in the Ukrainian Parliament (Verkhovna Rada) of Ukraine. The authors analyse the criteria of patent abuse as obstacles to access to treatment, and analyse the novel initiatives aimed at overcoming such abuse. In particular, it concerns thepatentability's criteria of inventions on pharmaceutical products, the possibility to oppose the applications on inventions by a person whose rights or interests are violated by a patent application and prohibition of patenting substances as the utility models.At the level of the national legislation patent reform was initiated by the Parliament of Ukraine on the first reading by the draft Law of Ukraine «On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine (on Patent Law Reform)» as of October 10, 2019.For the national experts, drafting the mentioned Law, the necessity to provide evergreening research in the field of health care was obvious from the 2014. In 2014 year, the National Academy of Law Sciences of Ukraine in close cooperation with NGO 100 % of Life started the global research — Harmonization of Human Rights and Intellectual Property Rights in the Field of Medicine and Pharmacy. We have to stress that only the evergreening patent research in the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine took near three years. The Research reflects that the gaps of the Ukrainian patent system which causes the possibility to grant evergreening patents have the straight impact on access to vital treatment. The methodology of the research is based on the Guidelines on Examination of the Patent Application in the field of Medicine and Pharmaceuticals based on the recommendations of the WHO and Guidelines for the Examination of Patent Applications Relating to Pharmaceuticals of the UNDP.Thus, the subject of the research is 132 patents covering vital medicines in the field of HIV, hepatitis C, tuberculosis, oncology, rheumatoid arthritis and others. The basis for the research is the followings: the patented single-source medicines, the part of which in the centralized procurements exceeded $ 100,000 in 2017 and the medicines that part of which in hospital and pharmacy procurements exceeded 50 million hryvnia (UAH) in 2017. The research also includes the patented medicines which are or which were not available because of the patent status. ; В статье представлены результаты исследования доли «вечнозеленых патентов» на фармацевтическом рынке Украины сквозь призму законопроектных инициатив, зарегистрированных в ВерховнойРаде Украины. Авторами проанализированы признаки злоупотребления патентными правами как препятствия доступа к лечению; новеллы законопроектных инициатив, нацеленных на их преодоление. В частности, речь идет об условиях патентоспособности изобретений в сфере фармации, возможности обжалования заявок на изобретения любым лицом, чьи права или охраняемые законом интересы нарушает заявка, и о необходимости устранения веществ из числа объектов патентования полезных моделей. ; У статті представлено результати дослідження щодо частки «вічнозелених патентів» на фармацевтичному ринку України крізь призму законопроєктних ініціатив, зареєстрованих у Верховній Раді України. Авторами проаналізовано ознаки зловживання патентними правами як перешкоди доступу до лікування; новели законопроєктних ініціатив, спрямованих на їх подолання. Зокрема, ідеться про умови патентоздатності винаходів у сфері фармації, можливості оскарження заявок на винаходи будь-якою особою, права або охоронювані законом інтереси якої порушує заявка, та про необхідність усунення речовин з-поміж об'єктів патентування корисних моделей.

Harm Reduction of drug use appeared in France in the 80's to minimize the HIV spread among injection drug users. This philosophy of intervention was a paradigm shift: the goal was to learn how to "live with the drugs". However, Harm Reduction as a concept is directly opposed to the Prohibition Law of 31st December 1970 which is still applied today. In this context, it is not easy to put Harm Reduction into practice, even though it became the Public Health's national policy. How can Harm Reduction within France ensure effective services and facilities with a social and medical function support in social integration of drug users if those persons are practically excluded from accessing the majority of social help facilities just because of their drug use? This research focuses mostly on the "world" of social housing. Therefore, the author, a social worker in Harm Reduction services, has conducted research in several housing facilities on how various professionnals and drug users feel about Harm Reduction practice within the prohibitionnist concept. How can professionnals put Harm Reduction into practice even though drug use is illegal and not allowed in social housing facilities? Is it even acceptable? Concerning drug users, how do they feel about their drug use in the context og social housing? And how do they perceive the help that could be offered to them on the subject of substance use? How can Harm Reduction strategy participate in the building of "social cohesion" in the social housing context? The Harm Reduction intervention model poses questions, with a certain radicalism, that are central in social health policies. ; La Réduction des Risques liés à l'usage de drogues (RdR) est apparue en France dans les années 1980, l'objectif étant de limiter les ravages de l'épidémie de sida chez les consommateur.rices utilisant la voir intraveineuse. Cette philosophie d'intervention était porteuse d'un nouveau paradigme : il s'agissait d'apprendre à « vivre avec les drogues ». pourtant, la RdR entre en contradiction avec la loi de prohibition du 31 décembre 1970 - toujours en vigueur. Dans ce contexte, la RdR reste complexe à mettre en oeuvre, bien qu'elle soit devenue en 2004 une politique nationale de santé publique. Comment les CAARUD, établissements médicaux sociaux dédiés à la RdR, peuvent-ils soutenir l'insertion sociale des usager.ères, alors même que ces dernier.ères se voient quasiment interdire l'accès aux dispositifs existants du simple fait de leurs consommations ? Cette recherche s'intéresse en particulier au « monde » de l'hébergement social. Ainsi, l'auteur, lui-même praticien au sein d'un CAARUD, a t-il enquêté dans plusieurs CHRS, en étudiant la manière dont les différent.es acteur.rices concerné.es, professionnel.les et usagers, éprouvent la logique de RdR en contexte prohibitionniste. Comment les professionnel.es s'en saisissent-ils.elles ? Quelles sont les pratiques d'accompagnement mises en oeuvre au nom de la RdR ? S'agit-il en définitive d'une pratique acceptable ? Quant aux usager.ères, comment vivent-ils.elles leurs consommations dans le cadre de l'hébergement et comment aperçoivent-il.elles qui leur est apportée à ce niveau ? À quelle condition la RdR participe t-elle finalement au « vivre ensemble » ? Envisagée comme modèle d'intervention, la RdR pose, avec une certaine radicalité, des question qui sont aujourd'hui centrales dans les politiques sociales et sanitaires.

Harm Reduction of drug use appeared in France in the 80's to minimize the HIV spread among injection drug users. This philosophy of intervention was a paradigm shift: the goal was to learn how to "live with the drugs". However, Harm Reduction as a concept is directly opposed to the Prohibition Law of 31st December 1970 which is still applied today. In this context, it is not easy to put Harm Reduction into practice, even though it became the Public Health's national policy. How can Harm Reduction within France ensure effective services and facilities with a social and medical function support in social integration of drug users if those persons are practically excluded from accessing the majority of social help facilities just because of their drug use? This research focuses mostly on the "world" of social housing. Therefore, the author, a social worker in Harm Reduction services, has conducted research in several housing facilities on how various professionnals and drug users feel about Harm Reduction practice within the prohibitionnist concept. How can professionnals put Harm Reduction into practice even though drug use is illegal and not allowed in social housing facilities? Is it even acceptable? Concerning drug users, how do they feel about their drug use in the context og social housing? And how do they perceive the help that could be offered to them on the subject of substance use? How can Harm Reduction strategy participate in the building of "social cohesion" in the social housing context? The Harm Reduction intervention model poses questions, with a certain radicalism, that are central in social health policies. ; La Réduction des Risques liés à l'usage de drogues (RdR) est apparue en France dans les années 1980, l'objectif étant de limiter les ravages de l'épidémie de sida chez les consommateur.rices utilisant la voir intraveineuse. Cette philosophie d'intervention était porteuse d'un nouveau paradigme : il s'agissait d'apprendre à « vivre avec les drogues ». pourtant, la RdR entre en contradiction avec la loi de prohibition du 31 décembre 1970 - toujours en vigueur. Dans ce contexte, la RdR reste complexe à mettre en oeuvre, bien qu'elle soit devenue en 2004 une politique nationale de santé publique. Comment les CAARUD, établissements médicaux sociaux dédiés à la RdR, peuvent-ils soutenir l'insertion sociale des usager.ères, alors même que ces dernier.ères se voient quasiment interdire l'accès aux dispositifs existants du simple fait de leurs consommations ? Cette recherche s'intéresse en particulier au « monde » de l'hébergement social. Ainsi, l'auteur, lui-même praticien au sein d'un CAARUD, a t-il enquêté dans plusieurs CHRS, en étudiant la manière dont les différent.es acteur.rices concerné.es, professionnel.les et usagers, éprouvent la logique de RdR en contexte prohibitionniste. Comment les professionnel.es s'en saisissent-ils.elles ? Quelles sont les pratiques d'accompagnement mises en oeuvre au nom de la RdR ? S'agit-il en définitive d'une pratique acceptable ? Quant aux usager.ères, comment vivent-ils.elles leurs consommations dans le cadre de l'hébergement et comment aperçoivent-il.elles qui leur est apportée à ce niveau ? À quelle condition la RdR participe t-elle finalement au « vivre ensemble » ? Envisagée comme modèle d'intervention, la RdR pose, avec une certaine radicalité, des question qui sont aujourd'hui centrales dans les politiques sociales et sanitaires.

Harm Reduction of drug use appeared in France in the 80's to minimize the HIV spread among injection drug users. This philosophy of intervention was a paradigm shift: the goal was to learn how to "live with the drugs". However, Harm Reduction as a concept is directly opposed to the Prohibition Law of 31st December 1970 which is still applied today. In this context, it is not easy to put Harm Reduction into practice, even though it became the Public Health's national policy. How can Harm Reduction within France ensure effective services and facilities with a social and medical function support in social integration of drug users if those persons are practically excluded from accessing the majority of social help facilities just because of their drug use? This research focuses mostly on the "world" of social housing. Therefore, the author, a social worker in Harm Reduction services, has conducted research in several housing facilities on how various professionnals and drug users feel about Harm Reduction practice within the prohibitionnist concept. How can professionnals put Harm Reduction into practice even though drug use is illegal and not allowed in social housing facilities? Is it even acceptable? Concerning drug users, how do they feel about their drug use in the context og social housing? And how do they perceive the help that could be offered to them on the subject of substance use? How can Harm Reduction strategy participate in the building of "social cohesion" in the social housing context? The Harm Reduction intervention model poses questions, with a certain radicalism, that are central in social health policies. ; La Réduction des Risques liés à l'usage de drogues (RdR) est apparue en France dans les années 1980, l'objectif étant de limiter les ravages de l'épidémie de sida chez les consommateur.rices utilisant la voir intraveineuse. Cette philosophie d'intervention était porteuse d'un nouveau paradigme : il s'agissait d'apprendre à « vivre avec les drogues ». pourtant, la RdR entre en contradiction avec la loi de prohibition du 31 décembre 1970 - toujours en vigueur. Dans ce contexte, la RdR reste complexe à mettre en oeuvre, bien qu'elle soit devenue en 2004 une politique nationale de santé publique. Comment les CAARUD, établissements médicaux sociaux dédiés à la RdR, peuvent-ils soutenir l'insertion sociale des usager.ères, alors même que ces dernier.ères se voient quasiment interdire l'accès aux dispositifs existants du simple fait de leurs consommations ? Cette recherche s'intéresse en particulier au « monde » de l'hébergement social. Ainsi, l'auteur, lui-même praticien au sein d'un CAARUD, a t-il enquêté dans plusieurs CHRS, en étudiant la manière dont les différent.es acteur.rices concerné.es, professionnel.les et usagers, éprouvent la logique de RdR en contexte prohibitionniste. Comment les professionnel.es s'en saisissent-ils.elles ? Quelles sont les pratiques d'accompagnement mises en oeuvre au nom de la RdR ? S'agit-il en définitive d'une pratique acceptable ? Quant aux usager.ères, comment vivent-ils.elles leurs consommations dans le cadre de l'hébergement et comment aperçoivent-il.elles qui leur est apportée à ce niveau ? À quelle condition la RdR participe t-elle finalement au « vivre ensemble » ? Envisagée comme modèle d'intervention, la RdR pose, avec une certaine radicalité, des question qui sont aujourd'hui centrales dans les politiques sociales et sanitaires.

Метою дослідження, результати якого наведено у статті, стало здійснення аналізу сучасного стану нормативно-правового регулювання паліативної допомоги в Україні.У роботі використано методи наукового аналізу, зокрема, системно-аналітичний, контент-аналіз, прийоми узагальнення та групування.Результати дослідження. Аналіз сучасних нормативних документів ВООЗ, який здійснено у роботі, дозволив визначити стратегічні напрями розвитку паліативної та хоспісної допомоги на національному та міжнародному рівнях. Сформульовано позитивні аспекти чинного вітчизняного законодавства з питань надання паліативної допомоги. До них належать визначення паліативної допомоги як окремого виду медичної допомоги, законодавче закріплення термінів «паліативна допомога», «паліативне лікування», «паліативний пацієнт», застосування мультидисциплінарного підходу в наданні паліативної допомоги хворим на ВІЛ-інфекцію, включення до складу восьмого випуску Державного формуляру лікарських засобів (додаток 8), лікарські препарати для надання паліативної й хоспісної допомоги.Визначено недоліки законодавчих та нормативно-правових актів, що регламентують паліативну допомогу в Україні, зокрема фрагментарність регулюючих норм, відсутність переліку нозологій для паліативної допомоги, відповідно до них затверджених протоколів лікування, методики розрахунку потреби у лікарських засобах, реєстру паліативних хворих, тощо. Запропоновано першочергові заходи з удосконалення вітчизняного законодавства в аспекті надання паліативної допомоги в Україні за організаційним, медико-фармацевтичним, соціально-фармацевтичним та освітянським напрямом.Висновки. Першочерговим завданням зі впровадження ефективної моделі паліативної допомоги в Україні є формування адекватної нормативно-правової бази з урахуванням мультидисциплінарного підходу, рекомендацій ВООЗ та досвіду провідних країн світу. Основою зазначених перетворень є, зокрема, прийняття «профільного» закону із чітким визначенням класифікації паліативної допомоги, медичної, фармацевтичної, соціальної складової паліативної допомоги, джерел, механізмів та обсягів її фінансування ; The aim of the study, resulting in the article, was to analyze the current state of legal regulation of palliative care in Ukraine.The scientific analysis methods, in particular, system analytical, content analysis, methods of generalization and grouping, were used in the present research.Results. The analyzed current WHO regulations during the research, allowed defining the strategic directions of development of palliative and hospice care at both national and international levels. Positive aspects of the current national legislation concerning palliative care were formulated. They include the definition of palliative care as a separate type of care, legislative confirmation of the terms "palliative care", "palliative treatment", "palliative patient", the use of a multidisciplinary approach to provide palliative care to HIV patients, implementation to the eighth issue of the State Drug Formulary (Appendix 8), and remedies for palliative and hospice care.The shortcomings of legislative acts regulating palliative care in Ukraine, in particular regulatory norms fragmentation, the absence of nosologies list for palliative care, in accordance with approved protocols of treatment, methods for calculating the need for medicines, the register of palliative patients, etc., were determined. The priority measures to improve the national legislation in the aspect of palliative care in Ukraine for the organizational, medical and pharmaceutical, social and pharmaceutical, as well as educational directions were offered.Conclusion. The prior purpose concerning the implementation of an effective model of palliative care in Ukraine is to form an adequate legal and regulatory framework, considering the multidisciplinary approach, WHO recommendations and the experience of the leading countries of the world. The "profile" law adoption with a clear definition of palliative care classification, medical, pharmaceutical, and social components of palliative care, sources, mechanisms and the amount of its financing is the basis of the mentioned changes

Метою дослідження, результати якого наведено у статті, стало здійснення аналізу сучасного стану нормативно-правового регулювання паліативної допомоги в Україні.У роботі використано методи наукового аналізу, зокрема, системно-аналітичний, контент-аналіз, прийоми узагальнення та групування.Результати дослідження. Аналіз сучасних нормативних документів ВООЗ, який здійснено у роботі, дозволив визначити стратегічні напрями розвитку паліативної та хоспісної допомоги на національному та міжнародному рівнях. Сформульовано позитивні аспекти чинного вітчизняного законодавства з питань надання паліативної допомоги. До них належать визначення паліативної допомоги як окремого виду медичної допомоги, законодавче закріплення термінів «паліативна допомога», «паліативне лікування», «паліативний пацієнт», застосування мультидисциплінарного підходу в наданні паліативної допомоги хворим на ВІЛ-інфекцію, включення до складу восьмого випуску Державного формуляру лікарських засобів (додаток 8), лікарські препарати для надання паліативної й хоспісної допомоги.Визначено недоліки законодавчих та нормативно-правових актів, що регламентують паліативну допомогу в Україні, зокрема фрагментарність регулюючих норм, відсутність переліку нозологій для паліативної допомоги, відповідно до них затверджених протоколів лікування, методики розрахунку потреби у лікарських засобах, реєстру паліативних хворих, тощо. Запропоновано першочергові заходи з удосконалення вітчизняного законодавства в аспекті надання паліативної допомоги в Україні за організаційним, медико-фармацевтичним, соціально-фармацевтичним та освітянським напрямом.Висновки. Першочерговим завданням зі впровадження ефективної моделі паліативної допомоги в Україні є формування адекватної нормативно-правової бази з урахуванням мультидисциплінарного підходу, рекомендацій ВООЗ та досвіду провідних країн світу. Основою зазначених перетворень є, зокрема, прийняття «профільного» закону із чітким визначенням класифікації паліативної допомоги, медичної, фармацевтичної, соціальної складової паліативної допомоги, джерел, механізмів та обсягів її фінансування ; The aim of the study, resulting in the article, was to analyze the current state of legal regulation of palliative care in Ukraine.The scientific analysis methods, in particular, system analytical, content analysis, methods of generalization and grouping, were used in the present research.Results. The analyzed current WHO regulations during the research, allowed defining the strategic directions of development of palliative and hospice care at both national and international levels. Positive aspects of the current national legislation concerning palliative care were formulated. They include the definition of palliative care as a separate type of care, legislative confirmation of the terms "palliative care", "palliative treatment", "palliative patient", the use of a multidisciplinary approach to provide palliative care to HIV patients, implementation to the eighth issue of the State Drug Formulary (Appendix 8), and remedies for palliative and hospice care.The shortcomings of legislative acts regulating palliative care in Ukraine, in particular regulatory norms fragmentation, the absence of nosologies list for palliative care, in accordance with approved protocols of treatment, methods for calculating the need for medicines, the register of palliative patients, etc., were determined. The priority measures to improve the national legislation in the aspect of palliative care in Ukraine for the organizational, medical and pharmaceutical, social and pharmaceutical, as well as educational directions were offered.Conclusion. The prior purpose concerning the implementation of an effective model of palliative care in Ukraine is to form an adequate legal and regulatory framework, considering the multidisciplinary approach, WHO recommendations and the experience of the leading countries of the world. The "profile" law adoption with a clear definition of palliative care classification, medical, pharmaceutical, and social components of palliative care, sources, mechanisms and the amount of its financing is the basis of the mentioned changes