Suchergebnisse

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Original Title Page -- Original Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of Figures and Tables -- Acknowledgements -- Glossary -- 1. Introduction -- A Crisis Develops -- The Agricultural Sector -- Natural Conditions -- Agriculture and Planning -- Plan of the Study -- Appendix: Methodological Problems -- Notes -- 2. Emergence of the Collective Farm -- Russian Peasants -- Revolution and War Communism -- Interlude -- Stalin Takes the Helm -- Conclusion -- Notes -- 3. Policy Reversal -- A Stalinist Legacy -- A New Strategy -- Perpetuation -- Conclusion -- Notes -- 4. The Collective Farm -- The Kolkhoz -- Households -- Control -- Management -- Conclusion -- Notes -- 5. External Conflicts -- Prices and Procurements -- Plan Implementation -- Free Markets -- Conclusion -- Notes -- 6. Resource Utilisation -- Unwilling Workers -- Free Land -- Difficult Partners -- Conclusion -- Notes -- 7. Future Prospects -- The Soviet View -- Critical Links -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Index.

Botswana, a middle-income country, is experiencing a sluggish economic growth and a rapid urbanisation which has brought in its wake high unemployment, poverty and food insecurity. This has led some people to engage in subsistence and commercial urban and peri-urban agriculture (UPA) to address these problems. However, in spite of its known advantages, uptake of UPA has been low for a number of reasons including: high GDP before the economic meltdown of recent years; a harsh climate; lack of water; poor access to land; and over-reliance on generous government handouts. Nevertheless, the extent of its practice and its contribution to food security – albeit modest – shows that it is a sector that needs to be encouraged and supported. Both central and local government can play a big role by providing land and infrastructure, and also by implementing an enabling policy and regulatory environment which promotes small- and medium-scale urban food production.

Solar photovoltaic (SPV) pumps are a robust and well-accepted technology today, some important reasons being a drop in photovoltaic prices and development in power electronics components used in the system. SPV pumps are being promoted to reduce fossil fuel usage through reduction in diesel consumption and the attendant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, to address the shortfall in grid connectivity, and, to provide improved livelihood opportunities for poor farmers. The objective of the solar electrification in agriculture is to improve energy access, replace diesel pumps and deploy solar technology in rural areas. This paper addresses all issues related to solar electrification in agriculture. A case study was conducted for two adjacent districts, Akola and Buldhana. Also different schemes of Government of Maharashtra are discussed.