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This paper describes the Coalition Provisional Authority's attempts to stabilize and reform Iraq's economy along market lines. It argues that while security concerns remain serious, Iraq's economy has not been crippled by violence. However, sustained economic growth will depend on whether Iraq's future leaders pursue the pro-market approaches the Coalition has advocated. If the Iraqi economy is to reach its potential, it will need to go even farther than the Coalition did, implementing reforms the Coalition did not pursue because of security concerns.

Although the humanitarian community is aware of the value of coordination, field experience in Indonesia in the first few months after the tsunami provides some salutary lessons. Adapted from the source document.

Recent economic and financial crises have prompted discussion of economic policy requirements dictated by international financial institutions to borrowing countries. Such economic policy prescriptions have modified the organization of the cotton system in Beninwith structural adjustment programs since 1991. The objective of the thesis is to analyze how economic liberalization of the cotton system has affected working rules, interrelationships between producers, economic coordination, decision-making mechanisms, crop choice and the distribution of resources. To answer, we adopt a traditional institutional economics framework and use a temporal comparative approach to highlight the joint of market/ nonmarket relationships. Results show that the stability of institutions and the rationing transactions among producers had resulted from the formation of communities of actors which supervised and controlled market/ non-market relationships ahead and down stream production. However, greater competition for resources control in the coordination since 2002 has made the institutions and rationing transactions unstable. Cotton's multifunctionality,which is enhanced by such institutions and the collective action of producers, is negatively affected. It appears tensions between actors which discouraged both cotton production and non-market production. At different levels of cotton production specialization, farms have adopted new strategies that threaten producer solidarity and institutional stability. Production decisions and resource allocations are both determined by market forces and by group or family memberships. The thesis concludes that strong institutions are necessary for economic coordination and for market regulation, and that they become weak when market forces dominate economic relationships. It follows that in recent years, liberalization has led to a decline in cotton production, which weakens the economy of Benin. Achieving the cotton production goals set by the government of Benin implies a need to ...

Recent economic and financial crises have prompted discussion of economic policy requirements dictated by international financial institutions to borrowing countries. Such economic policy prescriptions have modified the organization of the cotton system in Benin with structural adjustment programs since 1991. The objective of the thesis is to analyze how economic liberalization of the cotton system has affected working rules, interrelationships between producers, economic coordination, decision-making mechanisms, crop choice and the distribution of resources. To answer, we adopt a traditional institutional economics framework and use a temporal comparative approach to highlight the joint of market/ non-market relationships. Results show that the stability of institutions and the rationing transactions among producers had resulted from the formation of communities of actors which supervised and controlled market/ non-market relationships ahead and downstream production. However, greater competition for resources control in the coordination since 2002 has made the institutions and rationing transactions unstable. Cotton's multifunctionality, which is enhanced by such institutions and the collective action of producers, is negatively affected. It appears tensions between actors which discouraged both cotton production and non-market production. At different levels of cotton production specialization, farms have adopted new strategies that threaten producer solidarity and institutional stability. Production decisions and resource allocations are both determined by market forces and by group or family memberships. The thesis concludes that strong institutions are necessary for economic coordination and for market regulation, and that they become weak when market forces dominate economic relationships. It follows that in recent years, liberalization has led to a decline in cotton production, which weakens the economy of Benin. Achieving the cotton production goals set by the government of Benin implies a need to ...