Suchergebnisse

RésuméLa progression des formes de travail atypiques et l'augmentation du nombre d'emplois occupés au cours d'une vie professionnelle sont deux tendances marquantes de l'évolution du marché du travail en Europe. Après un tour d'horizon des perspectives sur la question, dont celle de l'OIT, les auteurs s'appliquent à mesurer cette nouvelle «vulnérabilité au travail» en s'appuyant sur une analyse des correspondances multiples et des données de l'Enquête sociale européenne de 2008. Ils proposent ainsi deux indicateurs inédits, un indice de la vulnérabilité liée à l'employeur et un indice de la vulnérabilité liée au poste, qui constituent pris ensemble un indice global de vulnérabilité au travail.

1. Cities and solidarities. Urban communities in medieval and early modern Europe / Justin Colson and Arie van Steensel -- 2. Making the citizen, building the citizenry. Family and citizenship in fifteenth-century Barcelona / Carolina Obradors-Suazo -- 3. Gladman's procession and communal identity in Norwich, 1425-1452 / Derek M. Crosby -- 4. Mapping urban Communities. A comparative topography of neighbourhoods in Bologna and Strasbourg in the late Middle Ages / Colin Arnaud -- 5. Conflict, community, and the law. Guarantors and social networks in dispute resolution in early modern Saxony / John Jordan -- 6. The poor of medieval Zagreb between solidarity, marginalisation and integration / Suzana Miljan and Bruno Skreblin -- 7. Poor boxes, guild ethic and urban community building in Brabant, c. 1250-1600 / Hadewijch Masure -- 8. Who's who in late-medieval Brussels? / Bram Vannieuwenhuyze -- 9. A cursus for craftsmen? Career cycles of the worsted weavers of late-medieval Norwich / Dana Durkee -- 10. Wage labour, wealth and the power of a database. Unlocking communities of work outside urban guilds in Newcastle upon Tyne / Andy Burn -- 11. Urban communities and their burghers in the Kingdom of Hungary (1750-1850). The possibilities databases offer for historical analysis / Arpad Toth, Gabor Czoch and Istvan Nemeth -- 12. Speech and sociability. The regulation of language in the livery companies of early modern London / Jennifer Bishop -- 13. The physician's marzipan. Communities at their intersections in Basel around 1600 / Sarah-Maria Schober -- 14. "Scientific" instruments and networks of craft and commerce in early modern London / Alexi Baker.

Preliminary Material -- Introduction -- 1 Epistemic Injustice and New Frontiers of Knowledge -- 2 Traditions and Controversies -- 3 Fabric of Knowledge and Research Fieldwork -- 4 Urban Boundaries, Segregation and Intermediate Spaces -- 5 Uncertainty and Economic Institutions -- 6 Migrations, Inequalities and Individuation -- 7 State, Social Conflict and Collective Action -- 8 Ecological Risks and Environmental Sociology in Europe and China -- 9 Continuities of Knowledge and Common Concepts -- 10 Discontinuities of Knowledge and Singular Concepts -- Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Index.

Electoral participation has been declining in post-Soviet Europe as in almost all of the established democracies. Patterns of electoral abstention in Russia, Belarus and Ukraine reflect those in other countries, but show particularly strong effects for older age. Not only do older electors vote more often, they also have distinctive views on matters of public policy, particularly on the economy but also on the Soviet system, strong leadership and hypothetical membership of the European Union. These differences are diminished but nonetheless generally remain statistically significant even when socio-economic controls are introduced. These differences may be seen as a 'representation bias' that advantages particular sections of the electorate and the views with which they are associated. The particular forms that are taken by this bias in post-communist societies may be transitory, but here as elsewhere lower levels of turnout will continue to impart a significant bias to the extent to which some views rather than others are articulated within the political process.

Electoral participation has been declining in post-Soviet Europe as in almost all of the established democracies. Patterns of electoral abstention in Russia, Belarus and Ukraine reflect those in other countries, but show particularly strong effects for older age. Not only do older electors vote more often, they also have distinctive views on matters of public policy, particularly on the economy but also on the Soviet system, strong leadership and hypothetical membership of the European Union. These differences are diminished but nonetheless generally remain statistically significant even when socio-economic controls are introduced. These differences may be seen as a 'representation bias' that advantages particular sections of the electorate and the views with which they are associated. The particular forms that are taken by this bias in post-communist societies may be transitory, but here as elsewhere lower levels of turnout will continue to impart a significant bias to the extent to which some views rather than others are articulated within the political process.

The relationship between migration and extremist parties has been an overlapping topic in studies of party systems, citizenship, and migration. This body of work has collectively challenged the view that the success of radical right parties in Western Europe is an unavoidable consequence of increased immigration flows. Through a review of four recent studies, this article will attempt to unpack recent scholarly literature with the aim of investigating the salience of the causal link between immigration and the success of radical right parties. The four works studied arrive at separate conclusions due to their different conceptual understandings of agency in party systems as well as their assumptions about the nature of political mobilization. While three feature the mobilization of immigration as an electoral issue as being an important factor for the success of far right parties, one makes the claim that national definitions of citizenship shape both responses to migration within the host state as well as the space available for the radical right.

The relationship between migration and extremist parties has been an overlapping topic in studies of party systems, citizenship, and migration. This body of work has collectively challenged the view that the success of radical right parties in Western Europe is an unavoidable consequence of increased immigration flows. Through a review of four recent studies, this article will attempt to unpack recent scholarly literature with the aim of investigating the salience of the causal link between immigration and the success of radical right parties. The four works studied arrive at separate conclusions due to their different conceptual understandings of agency in party systems as well as their assumptions about the nature of political mobilization. While three feature the mobilization of immigration as an electoral issue as being an important factor for the success of far right parties, one makes the claim that national definitions of citizenship shape both responses to migration within the host state as well as the space available for the radical right. Full text available: https://doi.org/10.22215/rera.v6i1.209

Electoral participation has been declining in post-Soviet Europe as in almost all of the established democracies. Patterns of electoral abstention in Russia, Belarus and Ukraine reflect those in other countries, but show particularly strong effects for older age. Not only do older electors vote more often, they also have distinctive views on matters of public policy, particularly on the economy but also on the Soviet system, strong leadership and hypothetical membership of the European Union. These differences are diminished but nonetheless generally remain statistically significant even when socio-economic controls are introduced. These differences may be seen as a 'representation bias' that advantages particular sections of the electorate and the views with which they are associated. The particular forms that are taken by this bias in post-communist societies may be transitory, but here as elsewhere lower levels of turnout will continue to impart a significant bias to the extent to which some views rather than others are articulated within the political process.

This volume presents a compilation of cross-disciplinary essays written by representatives of non-governmental and inter-governmental organisations, practising lawyers, academics, researchers and a psychiatrist, which reflect the heightened concern among European refugee and human rights organisations about the increasing practice of detaining asylum seekers. Topics explored include recent trends in western, central and eastern Europe; detention practice in the US, Canada and Australia; UNHCR's approach to detention of refugees and asylum seekers; and the mental health implications of detention from a psycho-medical viewpoint. In addition, the relevant European and UN legal instruments are analysed, and examples are given from the case law. The book is supplemented by detailed appendices setting out the texts of relevant international legal provisions, together with a number of other reference documents, including UNHCR's 1995 Guidelines on Detention and ECRE's 1996 and 1997 papers on detention and alternatives to detention. In addition to providing both a description of current practice and a theoretical, legal analysis of this type of administrative detention, this volume is intended to serve as a practical tool and source of reference for individuals and organisations engaged in defending the rights of asylum seekers today

A thought provoking and scholarly compendium of essays on various important aspects of Islamic finance. The book is wider ranging than its title suggests; the key chapters do focus on the EU, but there are broader and particularly interesting topics including women and Islam and financial stability and development in the context of Islam. Overall a solid assessment of the progress Islamic finance has made in Europe. John Presley, Loughborough University, UK Highlighting the impact of current globalization on financial markets, this topical book challenges the universality of Western property rights and interprets Islamic finance in Europe as part of a plural financial system, where different conceptions of economic justice(s) co-exist and influence each other. The contributing authors analyse key economic development and social integration issues from an Islamic perspective and outline the European approach to accommodating Islamic finance, with particular regard to the peculiarities of individual nation-states. Set in this context, the book presents financial pluralism as a device to enhance a level playing field in the global marketplace, as well as to foster a plural open society. Providing a comprehensive and methodological guide to Islamic finance in Europe, this book will prove an illuminating and informative read for academics, students and policymakers with an interest in the impact on financial regulation of an increasingly globalized world.

Intro -- Contents -- Preface -- Social Security Programs Throughout the World: Europe, 2014* -- Guide to Reading the Country Summaries -- Sources of Information -- Types of Programs -- Employment-Related -- Universal -- Means-Tested -- Other Types of Programs -- Programs Delivered by Financial Services Providers -- Format of Country Summaries -- Old Age, Disability, and Survivors -- Sickness and Maternity -- Work Injury -- Unemployment -- Family Allowances -- Country Summaries -- Albania: Exchange Rate: US1.00 = 101.70 leks -- Old Age, Disability, and Survivors -- Regulatory Framework -- Coverage -- Source of Funds -- Qualifying Conditions -- Old-Age Benefits -- Permanent Disability Benefits -- Survivor Benefits -- Administrative Organization -- Sickness and Maternity -- Regulatory Framework -- Coverage -- Source of Funds -- Qualifying Conditions -- Sickness and Maternity Benefits -- Workers' Medical Benefits -- Dependents' Medical Benefits -- Administrative Organization -- Work Injury -- Regulatory Framework -- Coverage -- Source of Funds -- Qualifying Conditions -- Temporary Disability Benefits -- Permanent Disability Benefits -- Workers' Medical Benefits -- Survivor Benefits -- Administrative Organization -- Unemployment -- Regulatory Framework -- Coverage -- Source of Funds -- Qualifying Conditions -- Unemployment Benefits -- Administrative Organization -- Family Allowances -- Regulatory Framework -- Coverage -- Source of Funds -- Qualifying Conditions -- Family Allowance Benefits -- Administrative Organization -- Andorra: Exchange Rate: US1.00 = 0.73 euros (€) -- Old Age, Disability, and Survivors -- Regulatory Framework -- Coverage -- Source of Funds -- Qualifying Conditions -- Old-Age Benefits -- Permanent Disability Benefits -- Survivor Benefits -- Administrative Organization -- Sickness and Maternity -- Regulatory Framework