Suchergebnisse

We explore the effects of decentralization on education and health in Ethiopia using an original database covering all of the country's regions and woredas (local governments). Ethiopia is a remarkable case in which war, famine and chaos in the 1970s-80s were followed by federalization, decentralization, rapid growth and dramatic improvements in human development. Did decentralization contribute to these successes? We use time series and panel data analyses to show that decentralization improved net enrollments in primary schools and access to antenatal care for pregnant women. The main channel appears to be institutional, not fiscal. We offer the database as an additional contribution.

"State and Local Public Finance provides a comprehensive and sophisticated analysis of state and local government public finance practices and issues, using the basic tools of economics. This fifth edition maintains its focus on key local services such as education, healthcare and transportation, and brings in new coverage of land use and housing, applications from behavioural economics, and more international comparisons. This textbook provides an examination and analysis of public finance practices and problems in a federal fiscal system, focusing on the fiscal behaviour and policies of state and local governments. Modern economic theory is applied to examine the way key institutions are used to produce and finance services, and to provide evaluation of alternative policies. This stalwart text will continue to be invaluable reading for those who study public finance, local government finance, urban economics, public policy and public administration"--

The study deals with the persistent pedagogical legacy of the German classical peda-gogue Friedrich Fröbel, which was preserved in the form of a work entitled "The Edu-cation of Man", representing the congruence of pedagogy and psychology for the strategic education of children. It assesses the anchoring of Fröbel's principles orient-ed to education and their persisting form. It identifies gnomic ideas that are relevant to the preschool and elementary pedagogy and provide high-quality, valuable advice and suggestions for today's effective, systematic, purposeful education and upbringing of children of preschool and early school-age. It documents the continuity of develop-ment of his inspiring ideas with which Fröbel stimulated the professional public and thus contributed to the development of modern pedagogical and psychological think-ing.

Shipping list no.: 2000-0016-P. ; Distributed to some depository libraries in microfiche. ; Mode of access: Internet.

1 Introduction -- 2 State Responsibility for Private Acts: The Evolution of a Doctrine -- 3 The Agency Paradigm The Principle of Non Attribution and its -- 4 To Prevent and to Abstain International Obligations of States -- 5 State Responsibility for Private Acts of Terrorism -- 6 The Challenge of September 11th and the Academic Response -- 7 Inadequacies of Existing Approaches to State Responsibility for -- 8 Causation-based Responsibility -- 9 Causation based State Responsibility for Terrorism -- 10 Concluding Observations -- Select Bibliography -- Index.

Whereas character education is not new, scientific study of its effectiveness has been only sporadically implemented during the past thirty-five years. Much of the application of character education is therefore not informed by a scientific knowledge base. This article introduces a scientific perspective on character education and a summary of the research base examining the student impact of school-based character education. From this research base, general principles of effective practice are derived. This in turn is used to offer suggestions to practitioners and policy makers for the improvement of school-based character education.

The critical situation of the world today requires strengthening the culture of peace among countries and the coexistence of cultures and individuals respecting diversity. One way to achieve this is by strengthening citizenship to which basic and higher education can help. Efforts to expand and strengthen citizenship as the exercise of rights and the fulfillment of obligations of various kinds in a society and beyond its borders, have been incessant: from its modern origins to date. Today however, these rights have not been fully guaranteed and its violation occurs in authoritarian regimes, and even in some of the so call "democratic". While democracy is recognized as the most appropriate way of living in contemporary societies it has yet significant shortcomings such as, for example, a disenchantment of citizens to participate in elections. Civic education in Mexico is part of the curriculum of basic education. School programs focus primarily in describing the structure of the Mexican state, the strengthening of nationalism and in what it means to be "a good citizen". Civic education of young students also occurs in a more informal way through socialization with other colleagues during the years of university life. This article describes and analyzes various programs of civic education and citizenship education developed in Latin America and Mexico over the past two decades. Some proposals derived from the above and whose objective aims at building a global citizenship are also included. ; La crítica situación del mundo actual requiere fortalecer la cultura de paz entre los países y la convivencia de culturas e individuos respetando la diversidad y la pluralidad. Una de las formas de conseguirlo es mediante el reforzamiento de la ciudadanía y para ello, la educación puede contribuir a lograrlo. Los esfuerzos por ampliar y fortalecer la ciudadanía, entendida como el ejercicio de derechos y el cumplimiento de obligaciones de diverso tipo en una sociedad y más allá de sus fronteras han sido incesantes, desde sus orígenes modernos hasta la actualidad. Hoy en día, sin embargo, estos derechos no han sido plenamente garantizados y su violación ocurre en regímenes políticos autoritarios y aún en los que se dicen democráticos. Si bien la democracia se reconoce como la forma más adecuada de convivencia en las sociedades contemporáneas, aún tiene considerables insuficiencias que se expresan, por ejemplo, en una baja participación en las elecciones. En México la educación cívica forma parte del curriculum de la educación básica. Los programas describen principalmente la estructura del Estado mexicano, fortalecen el nacionalismo y refuerzan lo que es ser "un buen ciudadano". La formación ciudadana de los jóvenes estudiantes también tiene lugar de una manera más informal mediante la socialización en los niveles posteriores de escolaridad. En este artículo se describen y analizan varios programas de educación cívica y educación ciudadana desarrollados en América Latina y México durante las dos últimas décadas. Se incluyen también algunas propuestas derivadas de las anteriores y cuyo objetivo apunta a la construcción de una ciudadanía global.

This book, by an international group of scholars, focuses on a number of sociolinguistic issues, some of them complex and controversial, linked to language education in the age of globalisation. It examines these in different contexts of immigration and super-diversity, in the light of new mobilities and new conceptualisations of changing social realities and language communities. The various investigations presented in the volume are often united and interconnected in their approaches to t