Suchergebnisse

This paper analyses agents of political socialization and their impact on Kosovo's political culture. The importance of political socialization in defining Kosovo's political culture is considerable, because with a special attention to its factors such as: family, education, religious institutions, peer groups, social classes, interest groups, political parties and the media, it may represent the attitudes, developments and changes that are involved in shaping political culture. To analyse the problems of political culture and the functioning of the Kosovo political system, the analysis is based on empirical research realized in February 2016, extending across the territory with a representative sample of (n=1007) respondents, including majority Albanians, and minorities Serb, Turkish, Bosnian, Roma and Ashkali. We compare the results with the empirical analysis of the pattern of political culture of Almond, Powell, Dalton and Strom (2008), always referring to the methodological criteria. The applied methods in the development of the study are the comparison method and the deductive method.

AbstractResearch on culture and negotiation is critical for expanding theories of negotiation beyond Western cultures and for helping people to manage their interdependence in a world of increasing global threats and opportunities. Despite progress of understanding cultural influences on negotiation, research is limited in that it portrays a static and decontextualized view of culture and ignores cultural dynamics. The almost exclusive focus on main effects of culture in negotiation has its roots in a subjectivist approach to culture which has prioritized the study of values, or trans-situational goals. In this article, we discuss the descriptive norms approach to culture and its promise for the study of culture and negotiation. A descriptive norms approach highlights the dynamics of culture in negotiation (i.e., the conditions under which culture effects become amplified, reduced, or even reversed), it identifies new empirical mediating mechanisms for cultural effects, and it sheds new light into understanding cultural competence in intercultural negotiations.

The purpose of the article is to study approaches to the development of corporate culture of healthcare workers in terms of forming a tolerant attitude to patients belonging to various ethno-cultural and confessional groups. This topic has become relevant not only due to the need to improve the quality of medical care provided to the population, but also due to the increased requirements for medical organizations in attracting extra-budgetary funds through import of medical services. Among the measures of managerial actions is further development of the foundations of the corporate culture of employees of medical organizations, which can contribute to solving the problem of attracting patients belonging to different national and religious groups. The results of the analysis (systematization of scientific literature and sociological survey in the form of interviews) of the main problems, the solution of which is associated with development of corporate culture, show that the following issues come to the fore: successful communication of doctors and nurses with patients; differentiation of opinions on organ transplantation (donation); critical situations connected with euthanasia, termination of pregnancy, death of patient (including suicide); attitude to the issues of life reproduction (artificial conception, surrogacy, cloning); difficulty of observing rituals during the treatment of patients. This article presents conclusions on the analysis of two above problems and possible approaches to their solution: 1) communication of medical workers with patients; 2) attitude to organ transplantation. The authors propose measures for formation of new competencies in the corporate culture (as a set of formal and informal requirements in a medical organization imposed on its employees) aimed at preventing and overcoming conflict situations arising from misunderstandings in the relationship between patients and medical staff.

Culture and leadership research in the last decade witnessed a general upsurge. Empirical studies that determined the scores of the subgroup cultures and examined leadership styles and preferences in Nigeria, have not been exhaustively carried out. This study therefore examined subgroup cultures and leadership styles in Nigerian organizations. Due to the structure of most Nigerian public organizations which are characterized by multi-ethnic groups with heterogeneous cultural beliefs, this study examined the differences in the Hofstede's culture dimensions' scores, leadership styles and preferences among Yoruba subgroup in Nigeria with focus on Power Distance and Individualism/Collectivism. Survey research design was adopted, making use of questionnaire for data collection. The study made use of 345 members of staff purposively selected from among the Yoruba subgroups in the Central Bank of Nigeria Headquarters in Abuja. The data generated from the structured questionnaire were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) for descriptive statistics. Hofstede's culture dimensions of power distance and individualism/collectivism were computed using the Value Survey Module (VSM) developed by Hofstede. This study found that there is a high power distance among the Yoruba subgroup, and the leadership style preferred by the Yoruba's is the democratic style of leadership and that the Yoruba subgroup is a collectivistic society.

SUMMARY Though many arguments for the role of cultural factors in development have been circular or ideological, development is necessarily a culturally determined process. It is an attempt to realize certain aspirations which, however universal, are still held in the context of other goals particular to national or religious traditions which the subjects of development wish to preserve. Cultures also provide particular institutional means (sex roles, forms of organization, etc.) of development. As a precipitate of history, culture also includes people's ideas about the conditions of development itself. If we are seriously to engage with the subjects of development, these above all cannot be ignored.RESUME L'Impact de la Tradition Culturelle sur le DéveloppementSi maintes arguments apportés a l'appui du rôle culturel dans le développement sont de nature péremptoire ou idéologique, le processus de développement reste essentiellement conditionné par la culture. Ce processus vise à la réalisation de certaines aspirations, si universelles qu'elles soient, qui demeurent toujours axées sur d'autres objectifs particuliers à la culture, nationale ou réligieuse que les intéressés en voie de développement tiennent à conserver. La culture inspire la forme des instruments institutionnels de développement (rôles sexuels, modèles d'organisation); sur le plan historique, elle représente les notions humaines sur la nature même du développement. Aucun chercheur sérieux, se consacrant à l'étude du développement ne peut se permettre d'ignorer ces considérations.RESUMEN La Importancia de la Cultura para los Estudios del DesarrolloAunque es cierto que muchos de los argumentos relacionados con el rol de los factores culturales en el desarrollo han sido de carácter circular o ideológico, el desarrollo es por necesidad un proceso determinado culturalmente. Es un intento de llevar a cab o ciertas aspiraciones que, si bien son universales, están sin embargo envueltas en el contexto de otras metas, correspondientes a las tradiciones nacionales o religiosas que los sujetos del desarrollo desean preservar. Las diferentes culturas proveen además medios institucionales específicos para el desarrollo (rol de los sexos, formas de organización, etc. . . .). Como un precipitado de la historia, la cultura también incluye las ideas que la gente tiene acerca de las condiciones del desarrollo mismo. Si se trata de interesarse seriamente en los sujetos del desarrollo, éstos, por sobre todo, no pueden ser ignorados.

This groundbreaking series of essays offers new insights into Turkish cultures both past and present. Moving beyond the traditional binaries of east/west, Islam/secularism, and Europe/Asia, the book contains a variety of perspectives on contemporary Turkey, from actors, directors, critics and other major cultural figures. The book tries to situate these opinions in context by looking at how such perspectives are employed in different cultural spheres-education, theatre, politics and the like....

The social sciences have much to say about the cybernetic turn our lives have taken thanks to the use and intermediation of software applications spread through the Internet. The book Algorithmic Culture before the Internet by Ted Striphas takes the burden of explaining with originality and expertise the deep cultural history of this epochal turn, offering us useful reflections to interpret and make sense of the current expansion of our relations with the mechanic world.

This article discusses the trope of fatherhood and its deployment within the UK political scene to ask how and why this has become a strategy in the post-ideological context of contemporary party politics. It uses psychoanalytic ideas to explore the fantasies of what is at stake in such a move and explores how politicians can be read as symptomatic of broader struggles around hegemonic masculinity as represented within the celebritized arena of political culture.

Identities in Crisis in Iran describes how identity, especially when it is faced with fundamental tensions as in the case of Iran, is a phenomenon that is constantly developing via factors involving the private self and common social factors such as the conflict between the Persian culture and the Shi'a religion.

ABSTRACTIn this paper, I draw a link between values, institutional culture and the Stellenbosch University (SU) Regulation for Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) and Credit Accumulation Transfer (CAT). I do this because the Regulation endorses the values of lifelong learning and the redress of inequalities. In turn, values form an important part of institutional culture. I use the 'values' element of a four-part theoretical framework developed in a conceptual analytic study of institutional culture in higher education to analyse the SU Regulation for RPL and CAT. The study employed critical hermeneutics as research methodology, which exposed the hidden meanings of and revealed other ideas of 'institutional culture'. My analysis confirms a gap between the intentions of RPL and the way in which it plays out in practice. There is little evidence of significant strategies to address the challenges of RPL. Values related to RPL need to find expression in concrete strategies; otherwise, RPL will remain a challenging process. My analysis highlights the important role of institutional culture in RPL and CAT. Cultural systems (including institutional culture) shape the nature of practice concerning and attitudes towards RPL.Keywords: values, higher education, policy, institutional culture, RPL, CAT

The typology of cultures is one of the significant issues in the humanities and social studies, and it is becoming very important in the current era of globalization growth. The purpose of the present research is to analyze existing academic concepts and approaches towards cultures typology. The research is of an interdisciplinary nature and involves categories and concepts from philosophy, cultural studies, sociology, management, etc.There is presented a brief overview of cultures typology scientific concepts. The article reveals that notable researches follow dynamic approach towards cultures typology influenced by current globalization trends rather than static models of sociocultural systems typology. Currently, most of sociocultural systems have to adapt or transform in order to cope with globalization trends. Authors underline the need to change the paradigm of academic understanding of cultures typology and to update approaches for cultures typology model development.The authors presume that following the idea that the globalization core is coming from the Western civilization, the countries that push for technological revolution 4.0 are forced to focus on the centered ideological and semantic patterns where the Westerners could define points of demarcation with representatives of non-Western societies. This explains the tendency of comparative management theorists to measure the degree of cultural distance between countries. In this context, the theory of cultural and orientation values types seems to be one of the most promising methods of cultures typology.Following the structural-system approach, the authors determine a culture as a mega-system consisting of the main macro-systems (macro-cultures) and sub-systems (micro-cultures). The article stresses that globalization challenges push countries all over the world to think of the need to develop a common basis for mutual understanding. The authors suggest that the formation of a global network civilization as a mega-culture, in which the opportunities for communication between different cultures are more developed due to innovative technologies, should become a confident answer to existing global challenges.

Cover -- Contents -- Contributors -- Preface -- Introduction: Culture and the State -- PART ONE: State/Culture: Theoretical Approaches -- 1. "Rethinking the State: Genesis and Structure of the Bureaucratic Field -- 2. "Society, Economy, and the State Effect -- 3. "Culture in Rational-Choice Theories of State-Formation -- 4. "The Changing Cultural Content of the Nation-State: A World Society Perspective -- PART TWO: Culture and Early Modern State-Formation -- 5. "Calvinism and State-Formation in Early Modern Europe -- 6. "Nationalism, Universal Monarchy, and the Glorious Revolution -- PART THREE: Culture and the Modernization/Westernization of Non-European States -- 7. "The Subvention of Tradition: A Genealogy of the Nigerian Durbar -- 8. "Revolution and State Culture: The Circle of Justice and Constitutionalism in 1906 Iran -- PART FOUR: Culture and the Modern Western State -- 9. "The Cultural Elements of Ethnically Mixed States: Nationality Re-formation in the Soviet Successor States -- 10. "Motherhood, Work, and Welfare in the United States, Britain, Canada, and Australia -- 11. "Political Belonging: Emotion, Nation, and Identity in Fascist Italy -- 12. "Narrating the Future of the National Economy and the National State: Remarks on Remapping Regulation and Reinventing Governance -- Epilogue: Now Where? -- Index -- Name Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- R -- S -- T -- V -- W -- Y -- Z -- Subject Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- X -- Z

To understand another nation and learn how to communicate with it, knowing its history, language and culture is important. Taking the example of the German Federal Republics experience in promoting its language and culture in other countries, the present article discusses the growing need for worldwide cultural dialogue in the age of globalization, and the German Concept 2000 of Foreign Cultural Policy. Furthermore, the role of German media and diverse agencies, the Goethe Institute, the German Commission for UNESCO, the German Archeological Institute, and the Institute for Foreign Cultural Relations, the Central Agency for Schools Abroad among them, all in all covering a broad range of activities. Based on the conviction that a foreign policy in the field of culture and education is an investment into the country's future and "soft intellectual power," Russia has parallel organizations with branches in dozens of countries, Russkii mir (Russian World) and the Russian Center of Science and Culture, working in close relations with the Russian Foreign Ministry's Department, among them. Adapted from the source document.