This report presents the results of a six-month survey of the nature and extent of venereal diseases in Turkey which was undertaken by the author, on behalf of WHO, at the request of the Turkish Government. The first part of the report outlines the present venereal-disease-control system and includes descriptions of the work undertaken by public authorities, hospitals and dispensaries, mobile venereal-disease-control teams, and laboratories; in the second part, the author enumerates certain recommendations for the intensification of the current control programme. These recommendations are particularly concerned with the control of syphilis (since the incidence of other venereal diseases in Turkey is of very secondary importance), and with the expansion, standardization, and co-ordination of serodiagnostic facilities and services. It is suggested that there might be a gradual intensification and reorientation of the present programme. A proposed plan of operations for an eight-year period is described.
In recent years, there has been growing interest in Turkey, stemming from the country's developing role in regional and global politics, its expanding economic strength, and its identity as a predominantly Muslim country with secular political institutions and democratic processes. This Handbook provides a comprehensive and wide-ranging profile of modern Turkey. Bringing together original contributions from leading scholars with a wide range of backgrounds, this important reference work gives a unique in-depth survey of Turkish affairs, past and present. Thematically organised sect.
Discussions on the hybrid threats and hybrid wars have begun to gain interest among the security communities around the world since 2000s, and exponentially increased after Russian-Ukraine conflict in 2014. The political and military conflict between Russia and Turkey since November 2015 has carried the discussion to Turkey. Now it is believed that Turkey is in fact in a multi-front hybrid war with some of its neighbors but not just Russia. In this article it is aimed to fully explore hybrid war concept and its strategic implications to Turkey. The definitions of hybrid threat, hybrid conflict and hybrid war is considered in the first section. Then Russian hybrid war concept is discussed. Next, features and consequences of hybrid war are applied to Turkey in order to identify the strategic implications. Finally, recommendations are made as to a way ahead for Turkish decision makers with respect to fighting hybrid war.
WOS: 000461524800002 ; In scientific terms, the real estate valuation is first started in Spain (to recover Castilian treasure from the bad condition) on 10th October 1749 in the world. Later, the "value" concept came to agenda to cadastral legislation of all European countries. For this reason the "value" issue was added cadastral legislation to France in 1808, Germany in 1872 and Holland in 1810. The first study based on the cadastral valuation in the Ottoman Empire mentioned in the Cadastre Law dated on 5th February 1912, but has dealt with the technical and legal aspects of the cadastre without taking of valuation into account. After the Republic of Turkey founded, although some of the Cadastre Laws (10th April 1924, 22nd April 1925, 15th December 1934, 15th March 1950, 21st June1987 and 22nd February 2005) include the term "valuation" again only the technical and legal aspects were used since they are not exactly evaluative. The first scientific studies on the valuation in Turkey was started to at Yildiz Technical University on graduate training and undergraduate training with the course called Land Valuation in 1978 and Real Estate Valuation in 1988. The studies remained at the academic level. Within the Customs Union agreement in 1st January 1996 between Turkey and European Union, a great deal of foreign capital is started to enter into our country. Since there is no reliable, real time and correct records of the real estate values, some of the foreign capital owners were hesitated to enter our country. As a result, the need for the "honest people who can make valuations according to the scientific criteria" became obvious. Because of the applications of the foreign capital owners to the Turkish Government, the authorization of making licensing exams was given to the Capital Markets Board in order to find out the required valuers for the country. The need is partly satisfied by the licensing exams. However the necessity and importance of the valuation training in Turkey is started with these licensing exams. Today, valuation training is given at many universities (in associate, undergraduate and postgraduate degrees) in our country. The subject of this paper is on the quality and content of the training given in our country.
Since the inception of the Republic of Turkey, its history has been rife with political conflicts: authoritarian control, military coups, ideological clashes, and unstable coalition governments. Erdoğan's rise to power in the past 15 years has changed the Turkish political landscape, with Erdoğan being revered by his supporters almost like a neo-Sultan. This article provides a brief historical discussion and discusses the political context of Erdoğan's rise to power. Given Erdoğan's majoritarian politics and the resulting socio-economic problems, political division, and radicalization of the insurgency, this paper argues that peace in Turkey may be maintained only in the foreseeable future but the country is susceptible to conflict and political instability in the long run.
Turkey is among top ten countries in the world tourism market in terms of international tourist arrivals and international tourism revenues. Tourism sector has grown rapidly over the last three decades and emerged as an important foreign exchange earner. It is argued that tourism creates opportunities for employment and contributes to economic growth and international tourism revenues compensate part of the current account deficit, which has traditionally been a major source of structural problems in Turkey. Tourism policies, therefore, may have important implications at the macro level. Recently the government published a strategy paper for tourism titled "Tourism Strategy of Turkey - 2023". In this study, we critically analyze the tourism strategy of Turkey using a dynamic applied computable general equilibrium (CGE) model. The model is a multi-sector, multi-country CGE model based on the GTAP model. The model includes 14 sectors and 12 regions. The sectoral disaggregation of the model emphasizes tourism-related activities. We use the GTAP database and run policy simulations to assess alternative tourism strategies as well as the potential impacts of exogenous shocks. The results bear important policy implications for the economy. .
