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Report of the delegates (p. 24-60) signed: Joseph H. Choate, chairman, Chandler Hale, secretary. ; Presented by Mr. Cullom, injunction of secrecy removed, and ordered printed, April 21, 1908. ; Mode of access: Internet.

This volume contains peer-reviewed papers from the Third World Landslide Forum organized by the International Consortium on Landslides (ICL) in June 2014. The complete collection of papers from the Forum is published in three full-color volumes and one mono-color volume. This second full-color volume contains the following: · Physical modeling and material testing · Application of numerical modeling techniques to landslides · Remote sensing techniques for landslide mapping and monitoring · Hazard mapping · Monitoring, prediction, and warning of landslides · Risk assessment · Remedial measures and prevention works · Risk reduction strategy · Inventory and database.

The paper intensively analyzes the purpose, membership and governance of four partnerships: the Montreal Protocol; the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research; the EC-ASEAN COGEN Programme; and the C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group

On the causes of soft budget constraints : firm-level evidence from Bulgaria and Romania / Greetje Everaert, Antje Hildebrandt -- The incidence and determinants of employee share ownership and profit sharing in Europe / Andrew Pendleton, Erik Poutsma, Jos Van Ommeren, Chris Brewster -- The use of profit sharing when workers make decisions : evidence from a survey of manufacturing workers / Christopher P. Adams -- Specific human capital and partial employee ownership : a transaction cost analysis / Nicholas Wilson, Hao Zhang, Andrew Robinson -- Union-firm bargaining over long term benefits / Jan Erik Askildsen, Norman J. Ireland -- Comparative systems, destructive trade and world distributive justice / Jaroslav Vanek -- The effects of new work practices : evidence from employer-employee data / Tor Eriksson -- Participation, cooperatives and performance : an analysis of Spanish manufacturing firms / Jos(c)ØeAlberto Bayo-Moriones, Pedro Javier Galilea-Salvatierra, Javier Merino-D(c)Øiaz de Cerio -- Unions and productivity growth : a meta-analytic review / Chris Doucouliagos, Patrice Laroche -- Do ESOPS motivate employees? Worker effort, monitoring and participation in employee-owned stock ownership plans / Agustin J. Ros -- Introduction / Takao Kato, Jeffrey Pliskin. - This volume of Advances in the Economic Analysis of Participatory and Labor-Managed Firms consists of ten original papers. The first five papers address the effects of institutions of governance (at the workplace and corporate levels), including new forms of workplace governance (e.g., self-directed teams), a traditional form (or trade unions) and financial participation schemes. The subsequent three papers turn to the issues of the determinants of the incidence of such institutions, followed by two theoretical contributions. The paper by Tor Eriksson introduces a new survey of participatory employment practices in Danish firms, and connects these practices to productivity gains for the firm and wage gain for workers.Jose Alberto Bayo-Moriones, Pedro Javier Galilea-Salvatierra, and Javier Merino-Diaz de Cerio introduce a new telephone survey of participatory employment practices in 965 manufacturing establishments in Spain, and investigate whether these practices lead to gains for the firm and workers. While the above two papers focus on new institutions of workplace governance, the next paper studies a traditional institution of workplace governance, i.e., trade unions. Chris Doucouliagos and Patrice Laroche conduct a meta-analysis of the effect of unions on productivity growth. All three papers so far concentrate on non-financial aspects of governance. The next two papers tackle such financial aspects. The contribution by Agustin Ros is an empirical study of the effects of employee ownership on effort/shirking and horizontal monitoring based on rich survey data collected by the author on an employee owned firm and 6 comparable private firms.The paper by Everaert and Hildebrandt contributes to the literatures on transition economies and participatory firms by examining the determinants of the incidence of soft budget constraints (SBCs), in particular enterprise ownership structure (including different forms of private ownership). The next three papers turn to the issues of the determinants of participation. Andrew Pendleton, Erik Poutsma, Jos Van Ommeren and Chris Brewster use a unique cross-national survey of financial participation schemes in 2,506 establishments in 14 EU countries, and try to study the determinants of the adoption of such schemes. Christopher Adams uses rich data on 1,153 product line workers in 162 British private sector manufacturing establishments to examine the use of group incentives (profit sharing or employee share ownership) and worker participation in decision making (specifically over the range of tasks performed).The paper by Nicholas Wilson, Hao Zhang, and Andrew Robinson is an empirical study that examines hypotheses arising from a transaction cost economics (TCE) framework to explain employee share ownership. The last two papers are theoretical contributions. Jan Erik Askildsen and Norman Ireland carefully develop a model of bargaining by a union and a firm over future benefits (e.g., a defined benefit pension) when workers may not receive these benefits either because the firm goes out of business before the benefit is to be paid or the worker leaves the firm before the benefit is vested. In his paper Comparative Systems, Destructive Trade and World Distributive Justice, one of the pioneers on the broad field of participatory and labor managed firms, Jaroslav Vanek, extends earlier work by presenting an analysis of the impact of international trade in today's globalized economy

This book seeks to answer the questions: how do the rules of international treaties on trade and investment apply to the new laws and policies relating to energy-related trade, and do the rules of the multilateral system contribute to or detract from sustainable development? An emerging set of new problems in the law of international trade is how to reconcile the rules of the multilateral trading system with shortages of certain natural resources and the necessity to develop renewable energy resources. The chapters in this book provide a comprehensive analysis of the international trade issues presented by national trade laws and policies with regard to natural resources and energy. This book is about the extent to which we are interpreting existing rules to cover emerging problems and how the rules of the multilateral trading system can be adapted to achieve sustainable development in natural resources and energy. The book begins with a survey of selected national laws relating to recent restrictions on the export of natural resources, both resources used to produce energy as well as natural resources essential for industrial production. After examining the range of such laws in selected important countries, we turn to the application of the rules of the multilateral trading system to such export restrictions. We discuss the major rules of the World Trade Organization (WTO) as well as the natural resources rules in selected regional preferential free trade agreements. While there is not a comprehensive global legal regime on competition law, we believe it is also important to examine how selected national competition laws impact export restrictions on natural resources. This book will be a major contribution to the international dialogue on international economic law issues with respect to trade in natural resources and energy.

The article deals with the study of issues on legal regulation for the establishment and enforcement of rules of the border regime in the context of international practices. Based on the analysis of legislation in the field of establishing and functioning of the border regime, it has been identified that today its normative regulation in the national legislation needs to be improved. Oneof the w ays to optimize and increase the efficiency in this direction may be the use of foreign experience of European countries. This factor, in our opinion, will also positively contribute to the implementation of the strategic course of the state to gain Ukraine's full membership in the European Union and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization in terms of positioning Ukraine's foreign policy in the world and its integration into the global security system. In this article, it has been established on the basis of a comparative analysis of normative legal acts defining the issues of the border regime in national and foreign legislation that the notion of the border regime in its content is one of the means for legal regulation that restricts fundamental rights and freedoms of individuals. Therefore, as the experience of most foreign countries shows, the issue of the legal regulation of the border regime should be determined only by law, and not by subordinate legal acts, as in our case. This, in turn, will allow to bring the legislation in the border sphere in accordance with Art. 64 of the Constitution of Ukraine. Moreover, the attention in the article is paid to the fact that the legislation of the vast majority of EU countries with the norms determining the legal regulation of the border regime restricts the fundamental rights of persons living in the territories adjacent to the state border solely for the purpose of determining the legal personality of border guard units. It doesn't violate democratic principles and promotes the effective performance of the border guard functions imposed on them. On the basis of the obtained results it has been stated that the important issue of the legal regulation of the border regime is to define the boundaries of territories of its action. In order to clearly identify them and to implement the legal personality of the border guard units, it is proposedto determine the boundaries of the border zones on which the border regime is established in the quantitative index. Subsequently, the proposals for amending the Law of Ukraine "On the State Border of Ukraine" are substantiated in terms of specifying the legal regulation of the border regime. ; Стаття присвячена дослідженню питань правового регулювання встановлення та забезпечення дотримання правил прикордонного режиму в контексті закордонного досвіду. На основі проведеного аналізу законодавства в сфері встановлення та функціонуванні прикордонного режиму, констатовано факт, що на сьогодні його нормативне врегулювання в національному законодавстві потребує вдосконалення. Одним із шляхів оптимізації та підвищення дієвості у цьому напрямку може стати використання зарубіжного досвіду Європейських країн. Вказаний фактор, на нашу думку, також позитивно сприятиме у реалізації стратегічного курсу держави на набуття повноправного членства України в Європейському Союзі та в Організації Північноатлантичного договору в частині зовнішньополітичного позиціонування України у світі та її долучення до глобальної системи безпеки. В даній статті, на основі порівняльного аналізу нормативно-правових актів, які визначають питання прикордонного режиму в національному та зарубіжному законодавстві, встановлено, що поняття прикордонний режим за своїм змістом є одним із засобів правового регулювання, який обмежує основні права і свободи осіб. Виходячи з цього, як показує досвід більшості зарубіжних країн, питання правового регулювання прикордонного режиму має бути визначено лише на підставі закону, а не підзаконними нормативно правовими актами, як у нашому випадку. Це у свою чергу дозволить привести законодавство у прикордонній сфері відповідно до ст. 64 Конституції України. Крім цього в статті, акцентується увага, на тому, що у законодавстві переважної більшості країн ЄС зміст норм які визначають правове регулювання прикордонного режиму, обмежують основні права осіб, які прилягають до державного кордону виключно з метою визначення правосуб'єктності підрозділів охорони кордону, що не порушує демократичні принципи та сприяє ефективній практичній реалізації покладених на них функцій охороникордону. На основі отриманих результатів констатовано, що важливим питанням правового регулювання прикордонного режиму є визначення меж територій його дії. Для їх чіткої ідентифікації та реалізації правосуб'єктності прикордонних підрозділів, пропонується визначати межі прикордонних територій на яких встановлюється прикордонний режим в кількісному показнику. В подальшому обґрунтовується пропозиції внесення змін в Закон України «Про Державний кордон України», в частині конкретизації правового регулювання прикордонного режиму.

International News and Foreign Correspondents by Stephen Hess / From Massacres to Genocide: The Media, Public Policy and Humanitarian Crises edited by Robert I. Rotberg and Thomas G. Weiss. International News and Foreign Correspondents, by Stephen Hess, and From Massacres to Genocide: The Media, Public Policy and Humanitarian Crises, edited by Robert I. Rotberg and Thomas G. Weiss, are reviewed.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V2W-4DTKN77-1&_user=1080505&_handle=V-WA-A-W-WYA-MsSAYWW-UUW-U-AABWVWVUEE-AABUUUVYEE-VAYWEWCZU-WYA-U&_fmt=summary&_coverDate=11%2F17%2F2004&_rdoc=234&_orig=browse&_srch=%23toc%235713%239999%239999 ; International audience ; The low level of involvement by international oil companies in Russia seems difficult to explain given what development of its resources and production has to offer. There are still many restrictions and contradictions, born of the particular institutional and political environment of the Russian oil industry at the end of fifteen years of transition, that act as a bar to international integration. Three factors currently define the establishment of relations with foreign investors. First, because of the many different levels of negotiation with Russian companies, the State and the Regions, the decisions are based on complex relations between the various forces. Second, the reforms, and especially privatisation and the allocation of rights of ownership to deposits, are considered by sizeable sections of public opinion and many political classes to be illegitimate, thus making the issue of international investment and foreign presence still more complicated. Finally, the State's wish to take back the oil industry in order to use it to fulfil its economic and foreign policies is creating further uncertainty. These three elements seriously restrict the entry of international oil companies to the Russian market.

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V2W-4DTKN77-1&_user=1080505&_handle=V-WA-A-W-WYA-MsSAYWW-UUW-U-AABWVWVUEE-AABUUUVYEE-VAYWEWCZU-WYA-U&_fmt=summary&_coverDate=11%2F17%2F2004&_rdoc=234&_orig=browse&_srch=%23toc%235713%239999%239999 ; International audience ; The low level of involvement by international oil companies in Russia seems difficult to explain given what development of its resources and production has to offer. There are still many restrictions and contradictions, born of the particular institutional and political environment of the Russian oil industry at the end of fifteen years of transition, that act as a bar to international integration. Three factors currently define the establishment of relations with foreign investors. First, because of the many different levels of negotiation with Russian companies, the State and the Regions, the decisions are based on complex relations between the various forces. Second, the reforms, and especially privatisation and the allocation of rights of ownership to deposits, are considered by sizeable sections of public opinion and many political classes to be illegitimate, thus making the issue of international investment and foreign presence still more complicated. Finally, the State's wish to take back the oil industry in order to use it to fulfil its economic and foreign policies is creating further uncertainty. These three elements seriously restrict the entry of international oil companies to the Russian market.

ABSTRACT This study analyzes the influence of the international trade pattern of Transnational Corporations (TNCs) on the international insertion of Brazilian manufacturing industry between 1995 and 2005, based on data of the Census of Foreign Capitals of the Central Bank of Brazil. The work aims to investigate to what extent increased international insertion of TNCs in national economies has contributed to the evolution of Brazilian manufactures in terms of international trade. It has been concluded that the significant participation of TNCs in Brazilian foreign trade reveals that the international insertion of the country's industrial output presents an increasing dependency on strategic decisions of TNCs.