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This book critically investigates the complex interaction between social media and contemporary democratic politics, and provides a grounded analysis of the emerging importance of Social media in civic engagement. Social media applications such as Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube, have increasingly been adopted by politicians, political activists and social movements as a means to engage, organize and communicate with citizens worldwide. Drawing on Obama's Presidential campaign, opposition and protests in the Arab states, and the mobilization of support for campaigns against tuition fee increases and the UK Uncut demonstrations, this book presents evidence-based research and analysis.

Threats of violencea "and especially of homicidea "are a too-familiar part of modern life, paralleling stressful conditions at home, on the job, on campus, and in relationships. Death Threats and Violence analyzes the meaning and impact of homicidal threats, the means by which they are communicated, and their development from infrequent private occurrence to ongoing social problem. Using data from the Stalking and Violence Project and recent events including the Virginia Tech massacre, Stephen Morewitz explores the lives of the men (and to a lesser degree, women) who make threats aga

Few, if any phenomena affecting Western Europe as a whole since 1945 have been more far-reaching in their immediate effects or more potentially destabilizing to politics and society over the long term than the accumulative experience of immigration. Messina and his contributors analyze why the major immigrant-receiving states of Western Europe historically permitted and often abetted relatively high levels of postwar migration, and they assess how contemporary governments attempt to govern immigration flows and manage the domestic social and political fallout which it inevitably yields.||The c

PurposeThis study aims to examine the three dimensions of market orientation, namely, customer orientation, competitor orientation and inter-function coordination, which influence the accountability in the financial and social performance of tourism operators in large touristic cities.Design/methodology/approachIn total, 95 usable questionnaires as the required data were collected from the top managers of four- and five-star hotels in Iran.FindingsPartial least squares (PLS) results confirm that customer orientation and inter-function coordination influence both the financial and social performance of the hospitality sector yet reveal that competitor orientation has no significant relationship with social performance.Research limitations/implicationsThese findings not only highlight the compatibility of PLS with various forms of statistical analyzes but also furthers the current understanding of hospitality networks in megacity economies, where literature are scarce.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study can help policymakers, tourism associations and practitioners enhance the accountability and sustainable financial and social performance of the hospitality industry in megacities. This study proposes some unique measurements for the social and financial performance of the hospitality sectors.Originality/valueThe paper states some new measurements for the social performance of the hospitality sectors. In addition, measuring the impacts of market orientation on the financial and social aspects of hotels is totally unique.

"What are the political dimensions that are revealed in women's preferences for health care during pregnancy and childbirth? The answers to this question vary from one community to the next, and often from woman to the next, although the trends in the Global North and South are strikingly different. Employing three conceptual frames; medicalization, the public-private distinction, and intersectionality, Candace Johnson examines these differences through the narratives of women in Canada, the United States, Cuba, and Honduras. In Canada and the United States, women from privileged and marginalized social groups demonstrate the differences across the North-South divide, and women in Cuba and Honduras speak to the realities of severely constrained decision-making in developing countries. Each case study includes narratives drawn from in-depth interviews with women who were pregnant or who had recently had children. Johnson argues that women's expressed preferences in different contexts reveal important details about the inequality that they experience in that context, in addition to as various elements of identity. Both inequality and identity are affected by the ways in which women experience the division between public and private lives--the life of the community and the life of the home and family--as well as the consequences of intersectionality--the combinations of various sources of disadvantage and women's reactions to these, either in the form of resistance or compliance. The rigorous and highly original cross cultural and comparative research on health, gender, poverty and social context makes Maternal Transition an excellent contribution to global maternal health policy debates"--

This chapter discusses the relationship among changes in productivity, economic output, and significant aspects of societal welfare that are measured by social indicators. There are several conceptual and measurable limitations of productivity that result in the underestimation of real output in official data, although unmeasured output nevertheless increases consumer satisfaction. A flow diagram is used to describe the nature of the relationships among factor inputs, productivity, output, and various measures of well-being. Slightly more than three fifths of economic growth in the past three decades was accounted for by the growth in productivity. Relatively high economic growth during the sixties facilitated a rapid rise in social welfare expenditures, while a slowdown in economic growth in the seventies was accompanied by a slower rate of growth in such expenditures. Deceleration in economic growth in the seventies constrained consumer choice, including individual budget decisions, especially discretionary expenditures. Productivity type analytical ratios can be used to measure the efficiency of a variety of social indicators. Some outputs return to the production process as higher quality inputs in a continuous flow.

The aim of this paper is to analyze the agricultural policy implemented in
Serbia from the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century from
the aspect of agriculture finance. The domestic agricultural policy of the
pre-transitional and the beginning of the transitional period, during the
mid 1990s, was based on the concept of protectionism. Back then, the
financing of agriculture was realized mainly through the primary emission of
the National Bank i.e. through selective and subsidized credits. The
agricultural policy was abruptly transformed from the concept of
protectionism to liberalization. Although this concept was applied for only
several years, it significantly aggravated the economic situation in
agriculture, thus complicating the issue of financing even more. Along with
the agrarian budget, the sources of financing agriculture during this period
were the loans granted by commercial banks, which were unfavorable for the
majority of agricultural entities. The methods used in this paper are
analytical-empirical, historical, and comparative. The author concludes that
the former concepts of agricultural policy in Serbia have not defined an
acceptable and sustainable model of financing agriculture. The agrarian
budget, as a quantitative and qualitative demonstration of the agricultural
policy, has been the key source of financing agriculture during the entire
transition period up to now. Despite the modifications in the qualitative
structure of the agrarian budget, in accordance with the requirements of
agricultural entities and the EU integration, in quantitative terms the
agrarian budget failed to meet the growing demands of the agricultural
entities for subsidies.

Статтю присвячено проблемі гендерної нерівності та гендерної дискримінації чоловіцтва засобами нормативно-правової регуляції Сімейного кодексу. В результаті проведеного дослідження автор приходить до висновку про те, що трансформація гендерних відносин на рівні соціонормативного регулювання має вести до досягнення фактичної, а не формальної рівноправності статей у сфері шлюбно-сімейних відносин. Констатовано, що на зміну традиційно-нерівноправного (матріархатно-тенденційного і андроцидарного) розподілу ролей між чоловіком і жінкою має прийти концепція рівностатусності, яка забезпечує однакові можливості для двох партнерів. Таким чином, питання про соціо-гендерний статус чоловіцтва, яке пропонується або може бути запропоноване йому в суспільстві, де на зміну матріархально-гетеричному типу гендерної диференціації приходить егалітарний тип, виникає з самої суспільної практики; і адекватну відповідь на нього дає саме гендерний аналіз чинного сімейного законодавства України.Доведено, що усунення гендерної дискримінації є ключовим імперативом регуляції та інституціалізації сімейних відносин за умови реалізації комплексу заходів, які передбачають довгострокову дію на суспільство і його інститути, що дасть можливість подолати матріархальний расизм і сексизм жіноцтва, що покладе кінець тривалому періоду гендерної нерівності і несправедливості, коли чоловіча частина населення України піддавалася прихованій гендерній дискримінації за рахунок порушення соціонормативного паритету представників обох статей в правовій інституціалізації сім'ї. На думку автора, стратегічні цілі трансформації гендерних відносин в сімейно-правовому полі полягають у зміні культури взаємодії статей, заміні відносин ієрархії на відносини партнерства, привнесення в суспільну свідомість таких цінностей, як миролюбність і життєтворення як основоположних цінностей освіченої андрократії. Розуміння того, що стать не є підставою для дискримінації в будь-якій сфері суспільного життя виявляється запорукою позитивних соціальних трансформацій. Адже дискримінація за всіма іншими соціальними стратифікаційними ознаками (класовими, національними, расовими, політичними, культурними тощо) в егалітарному суспільстві є не просто нелегітимною, але і несумісною із дієвою соціальною мораллю. ; The article deals with the problem of gender inequality and gender discrimination against human by means of the legal regulation by the Family Code. As a result of the research, the conclusion has been made that the transformation of gender relations on the level of socio-normative regulation should lead to the achievement of the real, rather than formal equality of genders in marriage and family relations. It has been stated that instead of traditionally disparate (matriarchal, tendentious and androcidarical) distribution of roles between men and women, the concept of the equality, that provides equal opportunities for both partners must come. Thus, the issue of women's socio-gender status, which is offered or may be offered to them in society, where the matriarchal-geterical type of gender differentiation replaces the egalitarian type, arises from the social life by itself. Gender analysis of the current Ukrainian family legislation gives an adequate response to it.It has been proven that the elimination of gender discrimination is a key imperative of the regulation and institutionalization of family relations provided the implementation of a package of measures, which make the long-term impact on society and its institutions. This will allow overcoming the matriarchal racism and women sexism and will end the long period of gender inequality and injustice, when the male part of the Ukrainian population was subjected to hidden gender discrimination through the breach of the socio-normative parity of both genders representatives in the legal institutionalization of the family. As to the author, the strategic goal of gender relations' transformation in the family and legal sphere is to change the culture of gender interaction, to replace hierarchical relationships by the partnership, to bring the values of peacefulness and life-creation as the core values of the educated androcracy to the social consciousness. Understanding of the fact that gender is not a basis for the discrimination in any sphere of public life is the key to the positive social transformation. Discrimination on all other grounds of social stratification (class, national, racial, political, cultural, etc.) in an egalitarian society is not only illegal, but also incompatible with the effective social morality. ; Статья посвящена проблеме гендерного неравенства и гендерной дискриминации мужчин средствами нормативно-правовой регуляции Семейного кодекса. В результате проведенного исследования автор приходит к выводу о том, что трансформация гендерных отношений на уровне соционормативного регулирования должна вести к достижению фактического, а не формального равноправия полов в сфере брачно-семейных отношений. Констатировано, что на смену традиционно неравноправному (матриархатно-тенденциозному и андроцидарному) распределению ролей между мужчиной и женщиной должна прийти концепция равностатусности, которая обеспечивает равные возможности для двух партнеров. Таким образом, вопрос о социогендерном статусе мужчин, который предлагается или может быть предложено им в обществе, где на смену матриархально-гетерическому типу гендерной дифференциации приходит эгалитарный тип, возникает из самой общественной жизни; и адекватный ответ на него дает именно гендерный анализ действующего семейного законодательства Украины.Доказано, что устранение гендерной дискриминации является ключевым императивом регуляции и институциализации семейных отношений при реализации комплекса мер, предусматривающих долгосрочное воздействие на общество и его институты, что позволит преодолеть матриархальный расизм и сексизм женщин и положит конец длительному периоду гендерного неравенства и несправедливости, когда мужская часть населения Украины подвергалась скрытой гендерной дискриминации за счет нарушения соционормативного паритета представителей обоих полов в правовой институциализации семьи. По мнению автора, стратегические цели трансформации гендерных отношений в семейно-правовом поле заключаются в изменении культуры взаимодействия полов, замене отношений иерархии на отношения партнерства, привнесение в общественное сознание таких ценностей, как миролюбие и жизнетворчество как основных ценностей образованной андрократии. Понимание того, что пол не является основанием для дискриминации в любой сфере общественной жизни, оказывается залогом позитивных социальных трансформаций. Ведь дискриминация по всем другим социальным стратификационным признакам (классовым, национальным, расовым, политическим, культурным и т.д.) в эгалитарном обществе не просто нелегитимна, но и несовместима с действенной социальной моралью.

"A comprehensive reassessment of the legal aspects of the colonate, situating the phenomenon within its socio-economic context. It examines afresh two critical sources, the Theodosian and Justinian Codes, and is an invaluable resource for students and scholars of Roman law and the agricultural and social history of late antiquity"--

The human aspect plays an important role in the social sciences. The behaviour of people has become a vital area of focus in the social sciences as well. Recent Trends in Social and Behaviour Sciences contains papers that were originally presented at the International Congress on Interdisciplinary Behavior and Social Sciences, held 4-5 November 2013, in Jakarta, Indonesia.The contributions deal with various interdisciplinary research topics, particularly in the fi elds of social sciences, economics and arts. The papers focus especially on such topics as language, cultural studies, economics, b

Intro -- Contents -- Preface -- Introduction -- Chapter 1 -- Epidemics and Pandemics -- Abstract -- Chapter 2 -- Testing and COVID-19 Natural Immunity -- Abstract -- Chapter 3 -- Containment Levels and Preventive Measures -- Abstract -- Chapter 4 -- Face-/Head Covering and Faith -- Abstract -- Chapter 5 -- Villainy and Anti-Mask Psychology -- Abstract -- Chapter 6 -- Rage and Scapegoating -- Abstract -- Chapter 7 -- Mental Health and 21st Century Family Challenges -- Abstract -- Chapter 8 -- Vaccines and WARP -- Abstract -- Chapter 9 -- Vaccines Failure, Hesitancy, and Refusal -- Abstract -- Chapter 10 -- Mass and Elite Cultures and Tolerance -- Abstract -- Chapter 11 -- Solidarity, Social, and Socialism -- Abstract -- Chapter 12 -- American Dream -- Abstract -- Conclusion -- References -- Author's Contact Information -- Index -- Blank Page.

Genomics and Society; Ethical, Legal-Cultural, and Socioeconomic Implications is the first book to address the vast and thorny web of ELSI topics identified as core priorities of the NHGRI in 2011. The work addresses fundamental issues of biosociety and bioeconomy as the revolution in biology moves from research lab to healthcare system. Of particular interest to healthcare practitioners, bioethicists, and health economists, and of tangential interest to the gamut of applied social scientists investigating the societal impact of new medical paradigms, the work describes a myriad of issues around consent, confidentiality, rights, patenting, regulation, and legality in the new era of genomic medicine