Suchergebnisse

Abstract: In recent years, several member states of the European Union have tightened the criteria for the legal immigration of a partner from outside the European Union. In the Netherlands, the income requirement for "family formation" was raised in 2004 from 100% to 120% of the minimum wage, potentially excluding about thirty percent of the working population from eligibility. The outcomes of this measure for international couples and, on the aggregate level, for migration flows were examined on the basis of administrative trend data and fifty in-depth interviews among international couples. It is demonstrated that the potential power of governments to intervene in partner migration risks being at odds with strongly felt cultural values surrounding partner choice and family life. Partner immigration decreased substantially, especially among poorer groups (ethnic minorities, women, youngsters). At the same time, the measure put pressure on the well-being of a segment of the international couples. In 2010, the European Court of Justice ruled that the Dutch income requirement contradicts the EU directive on family reunification.

In the fight to eliminate poverty in the world is fundamental unity of all forces involved in it, from the national and supranational organizations, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) till the people themselves. This can be achieved the full right to food and food security. But do not forget an essential component, food sovereignty. So everyone must to have at all times, physical and economic access to sufficient food in quantity and quality, to have a healthy life. But it is clear that in our globalized world are happening events such as the specialization of production by regions, imports of agricultural products at prices below cost of production in the importing country and public aids that allow rich countries exported at prices below their production costs, which has been ruining the food sovereignty of all regions and particularly regions of developing countries. We discuss how to fit some of the variables which are involved in achieving the goal of eliminating hunger in the world, and highlights the difficulties of all kinds, political, social or economic.

Testimony issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "GAO added the 2010 Census to its list of high-risk programs in 2008 in part because of (1) long-standing weaknesses in the Census Bureau's (Bureau) information technology (IT) acquisition and contract management function, (2) difficulties in developing reliable life-cycle cost estimates, and (3) key operations that were not tested under operational conditions. These issues jeopardized the Bureau's readiness for the count. Moreover, societal trends, such as concerns over privacy, have made a cost-effective census an increasingly difficult challenge. At about $13 billion, 2010 was the costliest U.S. Census in history. As requested, this testimony focuses on lessons learned from the 2010 Census, and initiatives that show promise for producing a more cost-effective population count in 2020. This testimony is based on completed and ongoing work, including an analysis of Bureau documents, interviews with Bureau officials, and field observations of census operations in urban and rural locations across the country."

This article focuses on the relationship between two parallel tendencies. On the one hand, since the 1990s the internet has been playing an increasingly important role in the everyday life of organizations, individuals, and governments. On the other hand, since the early 1980s different organizations' and individuals' environmental consciousness has been continuously rising. It seems there is a wide range of relationships between these tendencies. Economic, social, and environmental forces define the global, sustainable development process and drive innovation in the ICT sector. At the same time ICTs will play a critical enabling role in meeting the challenges of sustainability. This article will show how ICT policies impact sustainable development and the growth of the green economy and how the internet can help firms and individuals to improve their environmental consciousness. A literature review will be conducted in order to identify opportunities for creating strategic synergies between digital and green economy strategies, and Corporate Social Responsibility. Keywords: ICT, digital economy, sustainability, green economy

Mit dem Einsatz bewaffneter Drohnen hat eine neue Qualität der Kriegsführung begonnen. Vor diesem Hintergrund untersucht der Beitrag mit Fokus auf die deutsche Debatte, ob und inwiefern der militärische Einsatz bewaffneter Drohnen als legitim gerechtfertigt werden kann. Genauer wird der militärische Einsatz bewaffneter Drohnen aus ethischer Perspektive im Spannungsfeld zwischen dem Schutz für Soldaten einerseits und gezieltem Töten andererseits analysiert. Wir argumentieren, dass der Einsatz bewaffneter Drohnen bedenklich ist, da der Schutz für die eigenen Soldatinnen und Soldaten durch den Einsatz dieser Technologie verbessert werden mag, aber mit einer erhöhten Gefahr für Leib und Leben feindlicher Soldatinnen und Soldaten einhergeht. ; The use of armed unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) introduced a new era of robotic warfare. Against this background, this article examines whether and to what extent the military use of armed UAVs can be legitimated, focusing on the German debate. More precisely, the military use of armed UAVs is analyzed from an ethical point of view in the field of tension between protecting soldiers on the one hand and targeted killing on the other hand. We argue that the use of armed UAVs is alarming, because the protection of a country's own soldiers might be improved by using this technology, however, at an increased danger for life and limb of the enemy's soldiers.

Thrive, a Central New York lifestyle magazine, explores the politics, science, culture, sex, social issues, dining and leisure for residents of the Syracuse area between the ages of 18 and 30. The purpose of the magazine is to inform and educate in an unpretentious way about the positive aspects of living in CNY by talking to young residents using departments like the "Best of CNY," "Single in CNY," "CNY Traveler," "Bucket List," and an assortment of feature stories. The demographics for the audience are educated men and women between the ages of 18 and 30, single or married with no kids. The informal voice of Thrive and its approach to CNY through the lens of a twentysomething makes the magazine unique to the area. Thrive seeks to help young CNYers both imagine and create a life and home in the Central New York area. The magazine design was created using Indesign CS5, the standard digital publishing and layout software for the industry and printed using the Finger Lakes Press Group.

This unit provides basic historical background to the French Revolution. It will show that the Revolution accelerated intellectual, cultural and psychological change, and opened up new horizons and possibilities. In fact, while much controversy and scepticism remain as to the real extent of underlying change in the social and economic structure of France, it is generally agreed by scholars that the Revolution stimulated a widening of expectations and imaginative awareness: a belief, inherited from the Enlightenment, in the possibility of progress, as well as a conviction that state and society could be reconstituted with a view to realizing social and individual aspirations and human happiness generally. As it degenerated into violence and bloodshed, however, the Revolution also provoked scepticism and pessimism about progress and human nature. The two basic types of modern political outlook, progressive and conservative, date from this experience. Which, if any, of these sets of beliefs was true is not at issue here. What matters is that the Revolution gave rise to them and gave them lasting life

In the nearly fifty years since her death, the critical study of the life and work of Mary Flannery O'Connor has been conventionally delimited to two critical parameters: the greater "South" and the Church of Rome. My research challenges the longstanding conception of O'Connor as inherent to a monolithic South and to orthodox Roman Catholicism. My first chapter, "Monsters, Monoliths, and Middle Georgia: Flannery O'Connor and the 'Dear Old Dirty Southland,'" contextualizes O'Connor's work within the American scene by detailing the varied political and literary histories of the "North" and "South" as well as problematising the notion of region-specific aesthetics, notably American/Non-Southern realism and Southern Gothicism. My second chapter, "'One jesus [is] Just as Bad as Another': Orthodoxy as Ecumenical Blasphemy in the Fiction of Flannery O'Connor," contests the body of scholarship which attempts to explain O'Connor's work in terms of Roman orthodoxy. ; TARA (Trinity?s Access to Research Archive) has a robust takedown policy. Please contact us if you have any concerns: rssadmin@tcd.ie

I propose in this work to show a possible connection between two anthropological images or ways of understanding humanity,along with the respective political implications of each. These two ways are "person" and "subject". I will also make use of Boethius' definition of person and assume that human political community is natural, at least in that even when the political does not constitute a natural dimension of human life but is solely contractual there is still there the disposition to make political contracts. ; Me propongo en este trabajo mostrar una posible conexión entre dos figuras antropológicas o modos de entender lo humano, con sus respectivas prolongaciones políticas. Esos dos modos son la "persona" y el "sujeto". Me serviré también de la definición boeciana de persona y asumo la politicidad humana como natural, una vez que mismo cuando el político no constituye una dimensión natural de la vida humana sino sólo contractual, hay la la disposición para hacer contratos políticos.

Conceptions of the State, Nation and politics, which are actually in play in 'the West', usually descend from totalitarian models which are primarily Platonic and monotheistic in origin. They aim for unity, harmony, wholeness, legitimate authority and the rejection of conflict, however much they claim to represent multiplicity. By expressing a vision of order, such models drive an idea of planning by prophecy as opposed to divination, as if the future was certain within limits and the trajectory was smooth. Chaos theory and evolutionary ecology shows us that this conception of both society and the future is inaccurate. I will argue that it is useful to look at the pre-socratic philosophers, in particular the so-called sophists Gorgias and Protagoras and Heraclitus with their sense of ongoing flux, the truth of the moment, and the necessary power of rhetoric in the leading forth of temporary functional consensus within the flux. This ongoing oscillation of conflict provides social movement and life rather than social death.

The paper is organized along two axes. First, it identifies a classic "Trickster" figure set in modern Kyrgyz history, ranging from the period of the last decades of Russian rule to early Soviet times. It will be shown how in the wake of major social upheavals, Central Asian oral tradition mobilizes the figure of the Trickster to demonstrate the ambiguities of everyday life at times of rapid political and social transformation. Second, the materials presented illuminate more general processes of cultural production and entextualization in socialist and postsocialist Central Asia. It will be argued that the Soviet and the Kyrgyz states at times deploy very similar strategies to pursue overlapping goals of identity-building. Shifting strategies aimed at supporting different state projects can be recognized in the meta-folklore of a text corpus taken from Kyrgyz oral tradition. Since the text corpus is available as printed materials, we see it as being situated at the interface of oral and written realms (Goody 1993). ; Note

В статье анализируется итальянская средневековая проповедь XIV-XV вв. с точки зрения отражения в ней политической действительности. Постепенное проникновение в проповедь жизни эпохи в ее конкретных общественных проявлениях соответствует эволюции самого литературного жанра от регламентированной средневековой «ученой» проповеди, построенной по определенным образцам, к более свободной предренессансной проповеди, рассчитанной на широкую аудиторию. Этот процесс показан на примере творчества трех наиболее крупных итальянских проповедников - Джордано да Пиза, Бернардино да Сиена и Джироламо Савонаролы. ; The article analyzes the medieval Italian sermon of the 14th and 15th centuries as to the reflection in it of the then political reality. The gradual penetration of that epochs life in its specific public forms is in line with the evolution of the literary genre from the regulated medieval «academic» sermon constructed according to certain standards to the more liberal pre-Renaissance sermon meant for public at large. The author demonstrated this process by using as a study case the works of three major Italian ministers Giordano da Pisa, Bernardino da Siena and Girolamo Savonarola.

The term technical and vocational education is introduced in the Law No. 20 of2003 on National Education System. The concept of technical and vocationaleducation emphasizes on education which ensures that students have a specificexpertise and job. The government hopes that graduates of a technical and vocationaleducation become work forces who have life skills which are relevant to the jobmarket demand. In order to realize the expectation quality improvement ontechnical and vocational education is needed. Some issues which have to be takeninto account regarding the quality improvement of technical and vocationaleducation are that: (1) the administrartion must be supported by the administratingorganization, local and central government, (2) the curriculum is competencebased,(3) the administration is developed in line with the local potentials, (4) andthe administration must involve business/industry. The success of theadministration of technical and vocational education will lessen the state'seconomical burden. On the contrary, if it fails, it will increase the number ofunemployment which will worsen the state's economy.Kata kunci: kualitas pendidikan, pendidikan vokasi, kejuruan

The neighbourhood in both the UK and Europe continues to dominate thinking about the quality of life in local communities, representation and empowerment, and how local services can be delivered most effectively. For several decades a series of centrally funded programmes in neighbourhood governance have targeted localities suffering deprivation and social exclusion in England. From these much can be learnt about the strengths and limitations of a local approach to achieving multiple objectives. We review the findings of a case study of neighbourhood governance in the City of Westminster and draw on evaluations of two national programmes. In the conclusions we discuss the problems arising from multiple objectives and examine the prospects for neighbourhood governance as the national paradigm moves away from 'big state' solutions towards the less-well-defined 'big society' approach and the reinvention of 'localism'. While the rationale for neighbourhood governance may change, the 'neighbourhood' as a site for service delivery and planning remains as important now as in the past.

In this article we demonstrate how challenging greenhouse gas reduction targets of up to 95% until 2050 can be achieved in the German electricity sector. In the analysis, we focus on the main requirements to reach such challenging targets. To account for interdependencies between the electricity market and the rest of the economy, different models were used to account for feedback loops with all other sectors. We include scenarios with different runtimes and retrofit costs for existing nuclear plants to determine the effects of a prolongation of nuclear power plants in Germany. Key findings for the electricity sector include the importance of a European-wide coordinated electricity grid extension and the exploitation of regional comparative cost effects for renewable sites. Due to political restrictions, nuclear energy will not be available in Germany in 2050. However, the nuclear life-time extension has a positive impact on end consumer electricity prices as well as economic growth in the medium term, if retrofit costs do not exceed certain limits. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.