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Die Schweiz - geographisch mitten in Europa, jedoch politisch nicht in Europa - ist ein Sonderfall. Ausgestattet mit wenig natürlichen Ressourcen und einer infrastrukturell anspruchsvollen Landschaft entwickelte sich die Schweiz zu einer Industriegesellschaft mit hervorragenden makroökonomischen Ergebnissen. Die Arbeitslosenquote lag im Jahresdurchschnitt 2000 bei 2,0% bei einer gleichzeitig niedrigen Teuerungsrate. Das Erreichen einer solchen Performanz ist das erklärte Ziel in nahezu allen europäischen Volkswirtschaften und der Europäischen Union. Auch in der internationalen Kapitalismusforschung wird die Schweiz als Sonderfall betrachtet. Die verschiedenen Ansätze klassifizieren die Schweiz jeweils unterschiedlich und oft ist sie Grenzfall und Ausnahme. Gang der Untersuchung: Im ersten Teil dieser Arbeit werden die einzelnen Ansätze der internationalen Kapitalismusforschung vorgestellt und deren jeweilige ökonomische Herleitung sowie die soziologischen und politischen Aspekte verdeutlicht. Im zweiten Teil steht die Positionierung der Schweiz in den einzelnen Ansätzen im Vordergrund. Dort, wo im Ansatz die Schweiz eingeordnet wird, soll dieser Versuch argumentativ für die 90er Jahre des letzten Jahrhunderts wiederholt werden, verbunden mit der Analyse, ob sich Änderungen ergeben. Ist die Schweiz nicht Teil der angeführten Länder, so wird der Versuch unternommen, mit der Logik des Ansatzes eine Einordnung der Schweiz vorzunehmen. Der dritte Teil der Arbeit umfasst die Entwicklung eines ökonomischen und politischen Modellcharakters der Schweiz anhand verschiedener Dimensionen und analog zu bestehenden Modellen in der Literatur. Das Modell schliesst Besonderheiten im politischen System, wie das Spektrum der regierenden Parteien, das Gesetzgebungsverfahren und das besondere Abstimmungsprozedere, sowie Eigenarten im Arbeitsmarktsystem, ein.

An influential conventional wisdom holds that globalization could induce upward convergence in environmental regulations. Wealthy countries impose environmental regulations that prompt exporters in other countries to adopt sustainable production techniques, so the cost of environmental regulation in these countries decreases. However, previous research has only examined this California Effect for environmental regulations to address domestic externalities. I formally investigate the case of international externalities, such as global warming or ozone depletion. I find that a country can exercise leadership by enacting environmental regulations to strategically induce other countries to regulate in the future, but only if the incentive to free ride is not too strong. Surprisingly, under deep economic integration, environmental regulations are strategic complements with positive spillovers, so that international coordination is necessary to capitalize on the California Effect. In addition to showing that the California Effect is a powerful instrument of environmental statecraft, the results suggest new reasons why liberal trade and investment policies might improve environmental protection. They can also inform a strategy to promote efforts to mitigate global warming. (International Interactions/ FUB)

The article is a review of the book of Professor Jan Rymarczyk, Finanse biznesu międzynarodowego (International Business Finance), which is found by the Author to be a fundamental work, which derives from the importance of international business in con-temporary world economy, and also the wide range and degree of insight of the raised issues.

This paper scrutinizes the role of the principal policy objective of military intervention in conditioning citizen attitudes for the use of force. Extending the scope of analysis beyond the independent effects, it next assesses how the effects of two core variables of intervention, namely international organizations' approval of the operation and the regime type of the target country, vary for interventions with differing mandates. The results of the conjoint experiment in two dissimilar cases, the US and Turkey, show that despite substantial changes in relative support for different types of operations, policy objective is still a highly potent determinant of individual attitudes. The results also concur that compared to foreign policy restraint and humanitarian missions, individuals are more sensitive to international organizations' endorsements of the use of force for peace and internal political change operations. Finally, individuals are significantly disapproving of operations that seek internal political changes in democratic targets, though in contrast to the democratic peace theory, for other types of interventions, they are indifferent to the regime type of the opponent.

It is determined that the development of public administration in the field of national security in Ukraine and worldwide is characterized by the use of institutional approach. Nevertheless, it differs by the degree of its implementation. It is defined that the national legislation needs improvement in the area of specification of the ways of increase of effectiveness of public administration of national security with its institutional forces. The development of democratic civil control in Ukraine was proved, as well as the international co-operation, reasonable budgeting, etc. It was also proved that with regard to its integration goals, it should be implemented based on the best global practices. Keywords: public administration, institutional mechanisms, national security, Ukraine, world.

Der Autor stellt Aufbau, Ziel und Projekttätigkeit des Europäischen Netzwerks für die Verbreitung vergleichender Bildungsforschung - REDCOM vor. REDCOM soll ein offenes mehrsprachiges, multimediales Netzwerk zur Verbreitung von Forschungsergebnissen und Politikmaßnahmen schaffen, die das Ergebnis international vergleichender Bildungsforschung sind. Seine Zielgruppen sind die europäische Forschungsgemeinde, politische Entscheidungsträger, Berufsverbände, praktisch Tätige und ein weiterer Kreis von Akteuren aus dem Bildungsbereich. (HoF/Text übernommen)

How do political parties with different policy-making interests and veto power respond to international terrorism—can coalition parties and bicameral legislatures overcome their policy-making tensions and form a unified front for adopting counterterrorist measures? This study examines German counterterrorist legislation before and after the attacks of 9/11 by using a dictionary-based computerized text analysis. Our findings demonstrate that in times of low threat, the level of intra-coalition and bicameral conflict decreases the likelihood of counterterrorist legislation. However, in the event of a high external threat, this effect disappears despite the continuing divergence in partisan policy preferences. This suggests that a high external threat imposes inaction costs on political parties, which they attempt to avoid by adopting counterterrorist measures in the legislative arena.

1. Introduction and Overview 1. - 2. "Responsible" Arms Transfer Policy and the Politics of Social Reputation 16. - 3. History and Contemporary Trends in Conventional Arms Export Controls 44. - 4. Explaining Commitment: International Reputation and "Responsible" Arms Transfer Policy 73. - 5. Explaining Compliance: Domestic Reputation and Arms Trade Scandal 106. - 6. Conclusions and Implications 139

Although instrumental in ushering in competition to the health care industry and later in safeguarding the competitive structure of markets, antitrust law has come under attack. A series of questionable judicial decisions has clouded the standards applicable to analyzing health care markets. Legislative efforts to immunize conduct from antitrust challenge also have gathered support in recent years. This study finds scant economic or policy basis for these developments and concludes that anti-managed sentiments have diluted enthusiasm for applying competitive principles in health care. This phenomenon has resulted in outcome-driven judicial decisions and legislative activity geared to serving political expediency rather than sound policy tenets. The paper recommends heightened antitrust scrutiny of provider and insurer markets by federal and state enforcers and increased empirical research into the workings of imperfect health care markets and the effects of past antitrust decisions.