Suchergebnisse

Der Verfasser setzt sich mit einigen Definitionsansätzen des Begriffs "soziale Gerechtigkeit" auseinander. Dabei werden verschiedene Positionen unterschieden: die libertäre, die eine sozialstaatlich institutionalisierte Umverteilung zur Korrektur des Marktes ablehnt, die sozialliberale Position, in der Grundgüter fair verteilt werden sollen, um gerechte Startchancen zu gewährleisten. Auch die kommunitaristische Position wird in Betracht gezogen, bei der es aus Gründen der Gerechtigkeit Güter geben muss, deren Verteilung nicht vom Geld abhängt, wie zum Beispiel Gesundheit und Bildung. Darüber hinaus wird die "aktivierende" Position präsentiert, bei der in einem individuellen, selbstbestimmten Handeln das zentrale Mittel zur Beseitigung von Armut und sozialer Ungerechtigkeit gesehen wird. Anschließend werden bestimmte ostmitteleuropäische Besonderheiten thematisiert. Es wird hervorgehoben, dass es sich hierbei lediglich um die Beschreibung von Tendenzen handelt, die in den einzelnen Ländern unterschiedlich stark ausgeprägt sind. Es schließt sich eine Analyse der sozialen Gerechtigkeit im europäischen Vergleich an. Der Autor unterscheidet drei Modelle des Sozialstaats in der EU: ein kontinentales Modell (beitragsfinanziert und obligatorisch mit hohen Lohnnebenkosten), ein skandinavisches Modell (steuerfinanziert mit aktiver Familienpolitik) und ein angelsächsisches oder liberales Modell (steuerfinanziert, auf Verminderung und Bekämpfung von Armut ausgerichtet). Anschließend wird zu den zentralen Problemen Arbeitsmärkte und Arbeitsmigration übergeleitet. Die Problematik der Transformationsgewinner und -verlierer wird am Beispiel Polens erörtert. Zum Schluss werden einige Einstellungen und Haltungen dargestellt, die für Transformationsverlierer in Ostmitteleuropa typisch zu sein scheinen. (ICG2)

There is growing international recognition of the importance of the social economy, consisting of cooperatives, mutuals and non-profit organizations. The Social Economy provides resilience in financial crises, choice in a plural economy, greater social capital and the means for development of a more democratic and inclusive civil society. But questions remain: how best develop policies and institutions to exploit this potential? What policies have emerged? And why have they emerged in some countries and not in others? This book presents work undertaken by experts and policymakers from Europe

The priority direction of the state family and demographic policy is the social support of multiple-child families. This article clarifies the essence and specifies the concept of social support in accordance with regulatory documents. The distinctive features of support as a technology of social work are determined. The analysis of the regulatory framework at the federal and regional levels in the organization of social support for multiple-child families is carried out. The features of the practical implementation of the regulatory framework in a number of regions of Russia are formulated. The approved form of the passport of social support and intradepartmental interaction on social support is presented on the example of the Ulyanovsk Region. The algorithm of providing social support to multiple-child families in the conditions of a general education organization is described. The mechanism of implementation of the technology of social support in modern conditions of socio-economic crisis is substantiated.

Inhaltsübersicht; "The study of population offers something foreveryone" ; 1 Zum Verhältnis von Demogra e und Soziologie; 1.1 Bevölkerungssoziologie in Deutschland; 2 Zur Struktur des vorliegenden Sonderheftes; Literatur; Intergenerationale Fertilitätstransmission inOst- und Westdeutschland ; 1 Einleitung; 2 Stand der Forschung; 3 Mechanismen der Fertilitätstransmission; 3.1 Mikromechanismen der Fertilitätstransmission; 3.2 Makrostrukturelle Kontexte: Intergenerationale Fertilitätstransmission in OstundWestdeutschland; 4 Daten und Methoden; 4.1 Methoden; 4.2 Variablen; 5 Ergebnisse.

"This book provides a design perspective on how the identified social issues can be solved through a design mentality. It comprises all design disciplines, such as industrial design, environmental design, interior design, fashion design and graphic design, to promote a sustainable lifestyle"--

While value-based frameworks have offered revealing insights about culture, other conceptual tools need to be explored and deployed for a comprehensive understanding of both culture and individuals and how culture shapes individual processes and outcomes. To achieve this end, the authors and editors of Psychological Aspects of Social Axioms propose the construct of social axioms to augment values in interpreting culture and the behavior of individuals in their cultural contexts. Social axioms are defined as generalized beliefs about oneself, other people, the social environment, or the spiritual and physical world, and are central to a person's belief system. Their function is to enhance the survival and functioning of the person in his/her social and physical environment. The editors identify five axiom dimensions that form the construct: Social cynicism, defined as a negative assessment of human nature and a mistrust of social institutions Social complexity, which is a belief that there are multiple ways of achieving a given outcome and that a given person's behavior may be inconsistent from situation to situation Reward for application, which is the expectation that effort, knowledge, careful planning and the investment of these and other resources will lead to positive results Religiosity, the belief of the existence of a supernatural being and the beneficial social functions of religious institutions and practices Fate control, the idea that life events are pre-determined by grand external forces, but that there are some ways for people to influence the impact of these forces The Authors Kwok Leung is professor and Head of Management at City University of Hong Kong. He received his doctorate in social and organizational psychology at the University of Illinois. He is Deputy Editor-in-Chief of Journal of International Business Studies and senior editor of Management and Organization Review. His research areas include justice and conflict, cross-cultural psychology and research methods, and international business. Michael Harris Bond is Professor of Psychology at the Chinese University of Hong Kong. He graduated from Stanford University, where he began his study of person perception, subsequently broadened to include research into the areas of justice, aggression, and impression management.