Suchergebnisse

Machine generated contents note: I. Nietzschean Beginnings and Developments -- `As with Bees?' Notes on Instinct and Language in Nietzsche and Herder / Andrea Christian Bertino -- Nietzsche on Metaphor, Musicality, and Style. From Language to the Life of the Drives / Maria Joao Mayer Branco -- II. Dissolving an Opposition -- What Language Do Drives Speak? / Patrick Wotling -- Instinct and Language in Nietzsche's Beyond Good and Evil / Joao Constancio -- Greed and Love: Genealogy, Dissolution and Therapeutical Effects of a Linguistic Distinction in FW 14 / Chiara Piazzesi -- III. Instinct, Language, and Philosophy -- Afternoon Thoughts. Nietzsche and the Dogmatism of Philosophical Writing / Scarlett Marton -- Fearless Findings. Instinct and Language in Book V of the Gay Science / Werner Stegmaier -- IV. The Critique of Morality and the Affirmation of Life -- Philosophy as a `Misunderstanding of the Body' and the `Great Health' of the New Philosophers / Marta Faustino.

AbstractWhile people of many nationalities live in Ukraine, Ukrainians and Russians constitute the majority of its population. Territorially, the Ukrainian language is spread unevenly, which results in pronounced bilingualism and language bipolarity. The influence of the Soviet policy of the Russian language dominance is still present in Ukraine. Ukrainian prevails in the sphere of public administration and education. Russian dominates in most mass media. Under such circumstances it is important to maintain conditions for the preservation of the language identity of other ethnic minorities, which would promote the development of linguistic diversity in Ukraine.

Have you ever wondered whether we are alone in the universe, or if life forms on other planets might exist? If they do exist, how might their languages have evolved? Could we ever understand them, and indeed learn to communicate with them? This highly original, thought-provoking book takes us on a fascinating journey over billions of years, from the formation of galaxies and solar systems, to the appearance of planets in the habitable zones of their parent stars, and then to how biology and, ultimately, human life arose on our own planet. It delves into how our brains and our language developed, in order to explore the likelihood of communication beyond Earth and whether it would evolve along similar lines. In the process, fascinating insights from the fields of astronomy, evolutionary biology, palaeoanthropology, neuroscience and linguistics are uncovered, shedding new light on life as we know it on Earth, and beyond.

This title addresses the complex question of how and why languages have spread across the globe. International experts in the field explore this issue using new analytical research techniques and drawing on large databases, with a focus on the language and population histories of Island Southeast Asia/Oceania, Africa, and South America.

In general, a language is a tool for communication that every people use, and as we know there are many languages especially in Indonesia. It is a regional or local language that people use for their daily activities with their family or with their local people, Indonesian language is an official language that people use on, the daily activities in formal places or with work partners. Indonesia's government has already made some regular or policy to manage language use also the regulation about English as a foreign language. But the use of the English language is not optimal especially in the world of education even though English has become the lingua franca in the world. For such a stance, the writer has no goal to blame any culture nor suggests that English culture is not meant to be learned. The writer concerns more with the idea that in learning English, the culture of learners is more urgent than English culture since the use of English is around peer communication. The awareness of English as an International language and as a language of science is responded with mandatory English teaching in Junior High school to the varsity level. However, with the status as a foreign language, English is occasionally used outside the classroom. Even during the class, instead of speaking English, the Indonesian students tend to speak in Bahasa Indonesia (Indonesian Language) or their local language. For that, the writer gives some proposed solutions after analyzing some literature, The writer used the Systematic Literature Review framework from (Okoli, 2015) to perform this review of the literature

This collection of articles provides theoretical foundations and perspectives for language attrition research. Its purpose is to enable investigations of L1 attrition to avail themselves more fully and more fundamentally of the theoretical frameworks that have been formulated with respect to SLA and bilingualism. In the thirteen papers collected here, experts in particular disciplines of bilingualism, such as neurolinguistics, formal linguistics, contact linguistics and language and identity, provide an in-depth perspective on L1 attrition which will make the translation of theory to hypothesi

The case of Kyrgyzstan is characterized as an example of the enormous obstacles faced by the newly independent Soviet republics in effecting meaningful language reforms. The fractured linguistic history preceding adoption of the Kyrgyz Law on State Language in 1989, & the difficulties experienced with efforts to implement this law in the early 1990s, are discussed. The 1989 Language Law changed the previous official stance supporting Russian-Kyrgyz bilingualism to one of Kyrgyz predominance in public life. The law has also created considerable internal political strife, sparking violent clashes with minority populations & prompting many Europeans to leave the country. Positions of the three primary camps on language policy -- nationalists, internationalists, & moderates -- are described & speculation on Krygyzstan's demographic & linguistic future provided. 3 Tables. P. A. Bain

Rewriting Language: How Literary Texts Can Promote Inclusive Language Use
Christiane Luck (2020)
London: UCL Press, 204 pp.

The Channel Islands have been self-governing dependencies of the British Crown since 1204, but their geographical location, indigenous languages and older cultural traditions are much closer to Normandy (north-west France). However, acculturation to English language and customs has accelerated in the last 200 years, and is now pervasive. This paper examines the situation of the indigenous languages of the islands, which are now highly endangered: practically all native speakers are aged over 70. The island varieties of Norman have traditionally had low status, which contributed to their decline, but in recent years there have been attempts to raise their status and to raise awareness of their imminent disappearance; these attempts have borne fruit with a degree of support from the islands' governments. The paper first describes some of the linguistic features of Channel Island Norman, and then discusses efforts to preserve this aspect of island culture. The outcomes of the various revitalisation measures are also considered.

Abstract
This article explores the issue of whether the strength of a country's national identity can determine extensive use of English instead of Croatian equivalents among Croatian students of kinesiology, both in their professional (i.e. expressions related to sport) and everyday language usage. The study addresses the following issues: a) what does having stronger national identity mean; b) is there correlation between strength of national identity and gender differences in knowledge and preferences in using Croatian equivalents over English terms; c) in which context (everyday or sports) do students use more Croatian terms than English ones? A questionnaire was given to a sample of 100 students from the Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, Croatia. The Spearman Rank Order Correlations were used in establishing a correlation between national identity and the usage of Croatian equivalents, while the Mann-Whitney U Test was used in testing gender differences. To conclude, the results show a negative correlation between strength of national identity and knowledge of Croatian equivalents (in 51% of cases, in sports terminology, students do not know the Croatian word, and 78% prefer using English sport terms). Furthermore, gender differences were only found on the scale regarding English grades in high school (women had better grades than men).

This book explores the Chinese language used in law and analyzes the associated linguistic matters in both monolingual Chinese context and cross-linguistically. It investigates the linguistic and cultural landscape associated with Chinese law through an examination of a number of keywords and linguistic usages.

One of the fundamental types of human rights concerns collectivedevelopmental rights which allow minorities to use heritage languages and practices without external interference (Vašák, 1977). The protected status of minority language rights is a critical part of language revitalisation in which speakers of heritage languages, faced with the encroachment of more socially, politically, and economically dominant languages, embark on vigorous programs to ensure the survival and continued usage of their language. The Five Nations Iroquoian language, Seneca, has just a few remaining speech communities and a variety of ongoing language revitalisation initiatives (Mithun, 2012). To revitalise their traditional language, community classes through the Seneca Language Department and the Faithkeepers Montessori School Seneca Language Nest for young speakers have concentrated their efforts on preserving Onöndowa'ga:' Gawë:nö' the indigenous name for the Seneca language (Bowen, 2020; Murray, 2015). In the public sphere, a push by the Seneca Nation of Indians Department of Transportation fulfilling the intent of the federal Native American Tourism and Improving Visitor Experience (NATIVE) Act enacted in 2016, specifically included bilingual signs for state roads running through indigenous land in addition to other significant components (Figura, 2016). In an area whose geographic names are strongly connected to Iroquoian languages including Seneca, these bilingual signs represent more public and visible Seneca language presence and stand as symbols of language revitalisation. The place names and information that appear on the signs have considerable significance for community identity as well as linguistic and economic impacts, among others. Through oral histories collected from Seneca Nation members and language advocates in addition to a representative from the New York State Department of Transportation, this study pursues an analysis of the Seneca public usage of their heritage language and the various language ...

Abstract
To understand 2020's pandemic is to see virus as a language we can use. By drawing on viral principles—viruses are infections through information, viruses can be understood only through percentages and exponentials, and viruses are zombies from outer space—the dynamics of our twenty-first-century virus crisis can be discerned, even influenced. The crisis isn't just biological, it is about ideas and how they propagate through, for example, conspiracy theories and inflammatory actions. Viral emotions are integral to what is happening, as attention to both the virus of fascism and fear-based reactions to COVID-19 make clear. The opposite of fear, or perhaps the product of fear sometimes, is bravery. Hope is beyond that. Viruses spread because of their intrinsic properties and the relevant vectors, catalysts, growth mediums, and controls. Our future will be shaped by a wide range of viruses. We know it will be abnormal, but viruses will not act alone. Much of nature, and thus human culture, is beyond the viral. The key issue is control and just what mix of authoritarian control, self-control, and out-of-control (in both senses) we will end up living with.