Suchergebnisse

Evaluation – both ex post and ex ante – is part of the Rio model of governance, which emerged from the UN Earth Summit of 1992. This chapter provides a general overview of the Rio governance model that stands behind the strategic concept of Sustainable Development. This model of environmental governance has been remarkably successful as a knowledge-based model of steering – not based on power and legal obligation. However, we urgently need further improvements. The chapter therefore makes a number of suggestions as to how to strengthen the Rio model of governance. It also looks at whether evaluation should use only a top-down perspective - the implementation of Agenda 21 or of national SD strategies – or should also adopt a bottom-up perspective focusing on forces that are independent from but supportive to the strategy of SD (e.g. high energy prices or changes in WTO rules).

Since the early 1990s, culture has come to be recognized as a significant regional development resource in China. This paper raises the question of whether cultural strategies of development have ameliorated or exacerbated the government's increasing inability to provide for the public's basic needs. Specifically, it asks: what are the implications of China's cultural strategies of regional development for local-level governance? Three case study villages in Guizhou are examined, each revealing different ways that villages have engaged state development strategies, each with different outcomes. I argue that cultural strategies of development in China introduce a capital logic that greatly influences village governance. Cultural strategies create economic value where none before existed and thus initiate new struggles over ownership among villagers, state actors and entrepreneurs. The privatization of cultural resources has presented new challenges to village governance even while it has been promoted as both an answer to the fiscal challenges faced by many rural communities and a key to the establishment of a new kind of rural citizen. (Pac Rev/GIGA)

China has an appalling record of workplace safety in its coalmining industry. This article first traces the long-term trends of fatality at different types of coalmines, then analyzes why the number and rate of fatalities in the industry have remained so high, and finally discusses how the government has gradually overhauled its regulatory system to cope with the dreadful state of safety. Based on the case study, the article concludes that China's transition from state socialism has not resulted in a Hayekian night-watchman state but in a new regulatory state, which exerts controls over a wide range of economic and social affairs via standard setting, supervision, monitoring, and enforcement. (J Contemp China/DÜI)

В статье анализируются основные подходы к изучению «глобального руководства» как актуального понятия современной науки о международных отношениях. Автор полагает, что в условиях глобализации происходят изменения в деятельности таких акторов международных отношений, как национальные государства и межгосударственные организации. Для более адекватного понимания целей и задач существования данных субъектов политики в новых условиях возникает необходимость в формулировании четких критериев оценки их функционирования. Оценка эффективности деятельности глобальных акторов может быть произведена на основании анализа соответствия их деятельности критериям «демократического руководства». В данной статье на основании изучения различных аспектов «глобального управления» в современном мире автор дает характеристику демократического «глобального управления» как управления, отвечающего современным международным реалиям. ; In article the basic approaches to studying of «global governance» as actual concept of a modern international relations" science are analyzed. The author believes, that in conditions of globalization there are changes in activity of such actors of the international relations, as the national states and the interstate organizations. For more adequate understanding of the purposes and problems of existence of the given subjects of policy in new conditions there is a necessity for a formulation of precise criteria of their estimation. The estimation of efficiency of activity of global actors can be made on the basis of the analysis of conformity of their activity to criteria of «democratic governance». In given clause on the basis of studying various aspects of «global management « in the modern world the author gives the characteristic democratic «global governance» as the governance adequating to modern international realities.

This article presents a critique of the prevailing IMF/World Bank paradigm for financial market governance in developing countries that converges on the restrained role for the state, the neoliberal emphasis on self-governance, and the pursuit of market efficiency. It argues that the largely positive terms in which the governance discourse is couched have obfuscated the political dimensions that underlie the limitations of current efforts to improve the functioning of national financial systems in developing countries. It seeks to explore the political underpinnings of market governance that manifest themselves in the primary role of the state in market destruction and creation, the politically sustainable balance of power between private interests and public authorities, and the distributive justice of institutional reforms. Drawing upon recent national experiences with financial reforms and crises in developing countries, the article highlights these three dimensions as the essential normative constructs of effective financial policy management and market governance in developing countries.

This article focuses on one set of examples where globalization & relocalization have proven strong & determined political, economic, & cultural forces. By examining Wal-Mart's efforts to site a new store in Colchester, Connecticut, we paint a local political mosaic where globalization (in the form of Wal-Mart & its corporate culture) met head on with the forces working to preserve the local. At its broadest level, this case highlights some of the ways in which globalization necessitates changes in governance structures & processes -- local & beyond -- as communities attempt to navigate the impacts of globalization. The concluding section discusses a number of policy lessons & implications that can be drawn from this case. References. Adapted from the source document.

THE HISTORY OF GOVERNANCE IN THE NETHERLANDS: CONTINUITY AND EXCEPTIONS


W.J.M. Kickert
Reed Elsevier, 2004, 121 pp., €17.85 (pb) ISBN: 9059014359