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Автор статьи исследует важную составляющую политической коммуникации образ адресата на материале предвыборной агитационной листовки. Анализируется языковой портрет электората на основе выборки обращений политиков к определенным социально значимым темам. ; He author explores an important component of the political communication the image of the addressee based on the material of pre-election leaflets. The author analyzes the linguistic portrait of the electorate based on samples of consideration by politicians of certain socially relevant topics.

The article describes the evolution of the German party Alliance 90/Greens, analyses its internal and foreign policy of the installation in relation to specific events in the history of the Federal Republic of Germany. A detailed sociological portrait of the party and its electorate is provided. The author attempts to answer the question of whether "Greens" are capable to come back into the federal power, and if so, in alliance with whom.

The nonexistence of equilibria in models of electoral competition involving multiple issues is one of the more puzzling results in political economics. In this paper, we relax the standard assumption that parties act as expected utility maximizers. We show that equilibria often exist when parties with limited knowledge about the electorate are modeled as uncertainty-averse. What is more, these equilibria can be characterized as a straightforward generalization of the classical median voter result.

This report examines the political and economic landscape of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The UAE's open economy and society have won praise, but lax export controls, particularly in the emirate of Dubai, are causing U.S. concern over proliferation of advanced technology; terrorist transiting; and human trafficking. The UAE undertook its first major electoral process in December 2006, although with a small, hand-picked electorate and for a body with limited powers.

The 2004 federal election featured for the first ever time in Australian political history a clash between two Jewish candidates representing the two major parties. The Inner Melbourne seat of Melbourne Ports, which has the largest number of Jews in any Australian electorate -- variously estimated at between 13 & 20 percent -- was contested by the sitting Labor MP Michael Danby, & the Liberal Party representative David Southwick. References. Adapted from the source document.

The growing importance of religious conservatives in the Republican Party is one of the most interesting aspects of evolving party coalitions in the US. However, their identification has proved to be difficult because of different operational definitions of religious conservatives. Here, an alternative operational definition is posited, identifying conservative Republicans for whom religion is an important part of their lives. This definition is then used to estimate the number of religious conservatives in the mass electorate & ascertain their political distinctiveness compared to other Republicans. While the definition used here is a broad one, it is demonstrated that, in terms of voting behavior & issue preferences, a religious conservative Republican is qualitatively distinct from a secular conservative Republican. 4 Tables, 34 References. Adapted from the source document.

FRANZ JOSEF STRAUB DIED IN OCTOBER 1988, EXACTLY TWO YEARS BEFORE GERMAN UNITY. HE WAS UNDOUBTEDLY ONE OF GERMANY'S MOST DYNAMIC AND CONTROVERSIAL POST-WAR POLITICIANS, WHO AROUSED VERY STRONG EMOTIONS IN THE ELECTORATE, RANGING FROM GREAT SUPPORT TO CONDEMNATION. DURING HIS POLITICAL CAREER STRAUB HAD TREMENDOUS POWER AND INFLUENCE. AS THE TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF HIS DEATH APPROACHES, THIS ARTICLE SETS OUT TO ASSESS HIS CONTRIBUTION TO BOTH BAVARIAN AND GERMAN POLITICS.

The centre parties of Norway and Sweden both have their background as traditional farmer parties. They have faced the unavoidable challenge of a shrinking agrarian electorate. This article focuses on how they have responded to this challenge and argues that both agricultural identity and contextual variations are important in explaining differences in their electoral adaptation. The article shows how strong loyalties towards the farmers' union may strengthen traditional party loyalties.

Converse's 'Of Time and Partisan Stability' presents one of the most elegant theories in political science. Analysing the surveys collected in Almond and Verba's five-nation study, Converse explains the micro-level processes that can contribute to partisan stability among mass electorates. If, as Campbell, Converse, Miller and Stokes argue, partisan loyalties contribute to electoral stability, Converse's theory has important implications, not only for electoral behaviour, but for democratic political stability as well.

CONSERVATIVE GOVERNMENTS IN THE 1980'S HAVE NOT BEEN PUNISHED BY THE ELECTORATE FOR RISING OR ENDURING MASS UNEMPLOYMENT. PART OF THE EXPLANATION FOR THIS LIES IN THE SPECIFIC CONTENT AND FUNCTIONING OF IDEOLOGICAL DISCOURSE REGARDING UNEMPLOYMENT. IN THIS ESSAY, THE AUTHORS ARGUE THAT PARTY ELECTORAL STRATEGIES CAN BE SEEN AS FORMS OF IDEOLOGICAL INTERPELLATIONS. THEY SHOW THAT GOVERNMENT PARTIES SUCCEED IN MITIGATING THE UNEMPLOYMENT PROBLEM AND MAKING IT ACCEPTABLE THROUGH IDEOLOGICAL DISCOURSE.

THE AUTHOR ADDRESSES HOW THE BUSH VICTORY IN 1988 WAS ACTUALLY A VICTORY FOR REAGAN. THEN HE EXAMINES THE SITUATION, EXISTING FOR MANY YEARS, IN WHICH THE DEMOCRATS CANNOT WIN THE PRESIDENCY AND CANNOT LOSE THE CONGRESS, AND THE REPUBLICANS WIN THE PRESIDENCY AND CANNOT GAIN CONTROL OF THE CONGRESS. WHAT EACH PARTY REPRESENTS SYMBOLICALLY AND PRACTICALLY IS DESIRABLE TO THE ELECTORATE, ALTHOUGH THEY ARE CONFLICTING DYNAMICS. THE "REAGAN LEGACY" IS ANALYZED.