Suchergebnisse

The overall aim of my work is to contribute to a future theory of epistemic violence – thereby enabling us to gain a better understanding of the various forms of direct, physical violence which are usually analysed within peace studies, IR, political theory and related fields. My perspective starts from transdisciplinary peace studies, is concerned with the sociology of knowledge, and informed by post- and de-colonial theory as well as by feminist critique and political theory.

Intro -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Contributors -- Chapter 1: Transitioning to Peace: Contributions of Peace Psychology Around the World -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Transitional Justice Processes in Path Toward Peace -- 1.3 Social Movements and Collective Action Promoting Constructive Transitions -- 1.4 Community Efforts for Peace -- 1.5 Peace Education and Future-Proofing Peace Transitions -- 1.6 Implications of This Edited Volume -- References -- Part I: Transitional Justice Processes in Path Toward Peace -- Chapter 2: Recognition, Reparation, Justice, and Memory: Chile 1990-2020 -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Political Reconciliation Dilemmas: Impunity or Truth, Justice, and Victims' Recognition -- 2.3 From Mental Health Rehabilitation Under Dictatorship to Post-Dictatorship Reparations Policy -- 2.4 Victims of Torture: Recognition, Reparation, and the Judicial Fight Against Impunity -- 2.5 Final Reflections -- References -- Chapter 3: Truth Commissions: Individual and Societal Effects -- 3.1 Collective Violence and the Transition Toward a Peaceful Coexistence -- 3.2 Psychosocial Effects of Participating in TC Activities -- 3.2.1 The Benefits of Testifying Before TCs for Victims -- 3.2.2 Affective Cost of Testifying Before TCs -- 3.2.3 Self-Selection Bias: Are Those Who Gave Testimony Different from Those Who Did Not? -- 3.2.4 What Could Be Done to Decrease the Negative Effects of Giving Testimony? -- 3.2.5 Positive Social Effects of TCs' Rituals -- 3.3 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4: Citizens' Views on Amnesties, Truth Commissions, and Intergroup Forgiveness -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Citizens' Views on Political Amnesties -- 4.2.1 The Research -- 4.2.2 Summary -- 4.3 Citizen's Expectations Regarding the Organization and Missions of Truth Commissions -- 4.3.1 The Research -- 4.3.2 Summary.

In the context of an authoritarian government, social media can be a tool of protest and criticism of the government and mobilization to end all forms of violence and repression to support the democratic process. Social media encourages political participation through online interactions of information and ideas involving various civil groups and communities. Tunisia and Egypt in Arab spring phenomena were examples where social media plays a vital role in encouraging democratization and preventing prolonged conflict and violence by governments. However, on the other hand, social media can also give a threat and challenges to democratic stability because the massive dissemination of information cannot be adequately controlled and supervised by governments, where individuals or groups that are not responsible can spread hate speech, and fake news because of certain political motives. So regulation is needed as an instrument to criminalize perpetrators, as well as collaboration between civil society and the government in monitoring, civil society groups can utilize anti-hoax discussion groups to make literacy or education regarding the use of social media wisely and correctly in order community is not easily damaged understanding to maintaining democracy stability.Keywords : Challenges, Democratic Society, Social Media, Political Mobilization

"Historians of the French Revolution have traditionally emphasised the centrality of violence to revolutionary protest. However, Micah Alpaugh reveals instead the surprising prevalence of non-violent tactics to demonstrate that much of the popular action taken in revolutionary Paris was not in fact violent. Tracing the origins of the political demonstration to the French Revolutionary period, he reveals how Parisian protesters typically tried to avoid violence, conducting campaigns predominantly through peaceful marches, petitions, banquets and mass-meetings, which only rarely escalated to physical force in their stand-offs with authorities. Out of over 750 events, no more than twelve percent appear to have resulted in physical violence at any stage. Rewriting the political history of the people of Paris, Non-Violence and the French Revolution sheds new light on our understanding of Revolutionary France to show that revolutionary sans-culottes played a pivotal role in developing the democratically oriented protest techniques still used today"--

ANC und Inkatha unterscheiden sich in ihrem Kampf gegen die Apartheid nicht hinsichtlich der Ziele, sondern der Strategien. Der vom ANC geführte und im Westen oft glorifizierte gewaltsame Kampf widerspricht der Tradition der schwarzen Bevölkerung und ist nicht nur kein taugliches Mittel, sondern droht im Gegenteil in eine sinnlose und unkontrollierbare Spirale der Gewalt zu eskalieren und damit in die Katastrophe zu führen. Nur eine gewaltfreie Strategie kann ein demokratisches Südafrika ohne Apartheid erreichen. (SWP-Whr)