Застосування в Україні успішого досвіду країн Європейського Союзу в реформуванні адміністративно-територіального устрою та кар'єрної служби ; Application in Ukraine of the successful experience of european union countries in the reform of administrative-territorial organization and career service
Проаналізовано шляхи проведення реформ адміністративно-територіального устрою в країнах ЄС (Німеччині, Румунії, Данії, Австрії, Естонії, Грузії, Латвії) у площині застосування в Україні успішного досвіду. Досліджено аспекти співпраці з проектами міжнародної технічної допомоги і міжнародними організаціями. Проаналізовано кар'єрну службу в органах місцевого самоврядування у ФРН. ; The ways of carrying out reforms of the administrative-territorial system in EU countries (Germany, Romania, Denmark, Austria, Estonia, Georgia, Latvia) are analyzed in the area of application of successful experience in Ukraine. The aspects of cooperation with projects of international technical assistance and international organizations are investigated. The career service in local authorities of Germany is analyzed.Problem setting. In the process of reforming the administrative and territorial organization and decentralization in Ukraine, there are problems with the compliance of existing normative and legal and staffing support for the activities of newly formed local self-government bodies – united territorial communities (hereinafter UTC), forming and increasing their capacity. In the area of application in Ukraine of successful experience of reforms in the administrative-territorial system of the European Union countries, there are highly topical the following issues of career service in local self-government bodies, cooperation with projects of international technical assistance and international organizations, the tasks of analyzing the specified range of issues. Recent research and publications analysis. Problems of staffing support of local self-government bodies were investigated by G. Atamanchuk, I. Vasilenko, E. Vassilieva, O. Voronko, N. Goncharuk, B. Gurne, T. Kaganovska, V. Oluijko, A. Lipintsev, S. Seryogin, G. Shchokin and others.Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. To ensure the ability of UTC as an important component of the successful decentralization of public administration in Ukraine, it is advisable to analyze and adapt to Ukrainian conditions successful practices in the reform of the administrative and territorial system in the European Union countries, in particular regarding the career service in local self-government bodies and cooperation with international technical projects assistance and international organizations.Paper main body. In European Union countries, after the reforms, two systems of the administrative-territorial system began to spread: three-level (region, sub-region, community) and two-tier (region, community), examples of which are the administrative-territorial system: three-tier – in Germany (municipalities, districts, land), in Austria (municipality, district, land) and two-level - in Romania (judete and municipality). Most of the territorial reforms introduced in European countries concerned the basic – municipal level.The analysis of the experience of foreign countries gives grounds to assert that the legal regulation of issues of service in the bodies of local self-government and civil service is appropriate to focus on one law – on public service. If public administration is a system of coordinated, harmonious management actions of state, self-governing, and public actors to ensure the development of various social spheres and processes, then the legal regulation of civil society institutions, given its public character and the implementation of their tasks and functions must comply with the norms of the specified law.The success of the reform of the administrative and territorial system and the career service in Ukraine promotes effective cooperation with international technical assistance projects and international organizations. For Ukraine, particularly effective support for the reform of local self-government and territorial organization of power is the Program for empowerment at the local level, accountability and the development of "U-LEAD with Europe".The successful experience of Germany regarding the use of the National Qualification Framework (NQF), in particular the Institute for Further Education and Administrative Modernization, in cooperation with the executive authorities, institutions and organizations implementing the state policy in the field of education, employment and social and labor relations, it is appropriate to use in Ukraine the purpose of development, identification, correlation, recognition, planning and development of employees qualifications of state authorities and local self-government.Conclusions of the research and prospects for further studies. There is grounded a point of view that the formation of a functional and competent institute of local self-government bodies at the basic level – UTC – will require the use of adapted successful experience of reforms in the administrative-territorial system in the countries of the European Union, the organization of a career service in local self-government bodies, analysis and expansion of cooperation with projects of international technical assistance and international organizations. It is proved that in the process of creation and development in Ukraine, it is expedient to introduce UTC systematic training for their elected officials and employees of executive bodies. To form the required social and professional competency practice, it is expedient to introduce target management as a factor in the formation of modern management culture. As a result of comparing the qualification levels of German and Ukrainian national qualifications frameworks, it became clear that there were no fundamental differences between them as the latter was introduced in order to introduce European standards and principles for ensuring the quality of education, taking into account the requirements of the labour market to the competences of specialists. The existing differences in the number of Ukrainian levels national framework of competences are due to the levels of education defined by the Law of Ukraine ¹ 2145-VIII "About Education" (September 5, 2017). Further scientific intelligence should focus on issues of identification, planning and development of qualifications of officials on the basis of a competent approach to ensure the staffing capability of UTC.