Suchergebnisse

Die Gesundheitssysteme der OECD-Länder stehen vor der gemeinsamen Herausforderung, den Anstieg ihrer Ausgaben im Zaum zu halten und zugleich einer hochwertige Versorgung zu gewährleisten. Angesichts ähnlicher Problemkonstellationen wird von Teilen der Wohlfahrtsstaatsforschung eine Konvergenz der Systeme erwartet. Tatsächlich lassen sich bei Ausgaben und Finanzierungsweise Konvergenztrends beobachten. Doch welche Faktoren tragen zu einer Angleichung bei, welche fördern länderspezifische Entwicklungen? Welche institutionellen Eigenheiten begünstigen oder erschweren Kostendämpfung? Das Buch geht diesen Fragen auf den Grund. Achim Schmid ist wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter am SOCIUM der Universität Bremen, Abteilung Gesundheit, Pflege und Alterssicherung.

The development of modern technologies has changed all spheres of human live. Communication has become faster and efficient. Process of internalization has accelerated progress and made the world more mobile. Communication forms between society and government have been changed. Society is granted with an opportunity to obtain any kind of information via internet. Furthermore, new kind of electronic services became available.Due to involvement of internet communications in the process of governance the level of society's engagement has increased. Through internet citizens can express their opinion or become authors of initiatives. Successful application of modern technologies in everyday life made it possible to conduct electronic elections. There are two ways to provide electronic elections:Traditional voting ballots are substituted by electronic machines; in this case no internet is needed; Internet elections, when voters are voting using internet and their own computers; The present paper will discuss successful and failed examples of electronic voting process in different countries. It will also examine readiness of Georgia to conduct electronic and internet elections.

Japan's Government investment (flow) and social overhead capital (stock) have long been regarded as underdeveloped, both in relation to internal growth of GNP and to that of other countries. E. g. , this was analysed in detail by Simonis in this journal 10 years ago (1972, p. 415-440 ). However, during the 1970s Japan's performance has improved substantially, also when compared with the USA , the FRG and even Sweden. Between 1969 and 1979 Japan had by far the highest real Government investment (as % of GNP) in the world, and the gap in social overhead capital per capita between Japan and the FRG has now nearly been closed. This Japanese development took place in close connection with the overall economic planning in Japan and it can be expected that the - still not totally satisfying - situation will further improve with the current 7-year-plan up to 1985. One main source of finance for this improvement in Japan is indicated by the continually (relatively) small amounts being wasted for rearmament.