Suchergebnisse

Objetivo da pesquisa: Este estudo tem o objetivo geral de medir o desempenho (eficiência) das unidades federativas brasileiras no controle da pandemia de Covid-19 e mitigação do número de mortes. Para atingir o objetivo geral, foram analisadas duas perspectivas, tendo sido definidos os seguintes objetivos específicos: (i) medir a eficiência para controlar a propagação da pandemia; e (ii) medir a eficiência para minimizar os óbitos.
Enquadramento Teórico: Este artigo fundamenta-se na literatura referente a gestão pública da pandemia de Covid 19 pelas Unidades Federativas Brasileiras.
Metodologia: Para o atingir o objetivo proposto foi realizado um estudo quantitativo, descritivo e exploratório por meio da metodologia Data Envelopment Analysis nos meses de agosto e novembro de 2020. A população é composta pelas 27 Unidades Federativas Brasileiras.
Resultados: Os principais resultados informam que o isolamento social e a transparência das informações disponibilizadas a população auxiliam na redução da propagação da doença e minimização do número de óbitos.
Originalidade: Este estudo diferencia-se dos demais haja vista que inobstante a importância da análise do desempenho governamental no contexto de epidemias cabe destacar que não foram encontradas na literatura (pesquisa efetuada nas bases dados Web of Science, Periódicos Capes, Google Acadêmico, Spell, BDTD, base de dados ANPAD e buscador Google) pesquisas desenvolvidas com o objetivo de medir a eficiência das unidades federativas brasileiras no episódio da Covid-19 por meio de DEA.
Contribuições teóricas e práticas: Este estudo contribui para a literatura ao passo que investiga a eficiência/ineficiência da ação governamental na pandemia de Covid 19. De acordo com as análises os resultados da ineficiência em prevenir a propagação do coronavírus e redução de mortes, podem contribuir para a definição de ações e tomada de decisões por parte dos gestores na minimização dos efeitos da epidemia.

Palavras-chave: SARS-CoV-2; resposta governamental; Data Envelopment Analysis.

The objective of this article is to analyze the representations of the body that underlie the decrees, protocols and advertisements aimed at promoting and sustaining the Preventive and Mandatory Social Isolation provided in the city of La Plata during much of 2020 as a preventive measure to stop the spread of COVID-19. From the ceasing of income to the instructions for hand washing, the organization of life in this epidemiological scenario seems to be ordered according to the biological risk that our body represents, conceived as a set of microparticles potentially "loaded" with a highly contagious virus. Following Foucault in Discipline and Punish, the fear of contagion is a constant that, since the times of the Black Death, has been materialized in government regulations that, although they have varied over time depending on advances in medicine, technology and communications, maintain a constant concern: the classification and normalization of bodies. From an ethical point of view, it should be noted that this article will not delve into medical matters related to the treatment of COVID-19, nor will it question the effectiveness of the preventive measures implemented to fight the pandemic in Argentina. ; El objetivo de este artículo es analizar las representaciones del cuerpo que subyacen a los decretos, los protocolos y las publicidades dirigidas a promover y sostener el Aislamiento Social Preventivo y Obligatorio dispuesto en la ciudad de La Plata durante gran parte del año 2020 como medida preventiva para frenar los contagios de covid-19. Desde el cierre de ingresos hasta las instrucciones para el lavado de manos, la organización de la vida en esta coyuntura epidemiológica parece organizarse en función del riesgo biológico que representa nuestro cuerpo, concebido como un conjunto de micropartículas potencialmente "cargadas" con un virus sumamente contagioso. Siguiendo a Foucault en Vigilar y castigar, el temor a los contagios es una constante que, desde los tiempos de la peste negra, se ha materializado en ...

The raise of covid-19 case in East Java have the government to enforce PSBB (Local Lockdown Policy), nevertheless this policy makes peoples spend more money on some particular product. This condition is known as panic buying. In Islam, people are forbidden to have a massive consumption for their own. Its explained in Q.S. Al-Araf (31). To know the consumption behaviour of muslim that having issue on their economy aspect because of covid-19 is the purpose of this study. This is a quantative study with survey method. This study uses validation test, reliability test, and descriptive statistic analysis through tendency variable table. The result of this study explains that the consumption behaviour of muslim in Surabaya that having economic issue because of covid-19 does not contrary to Islamic values.

This paper highlights the role of supply chain linkages for the transmission of Covid-19 induced shocks based on the monthly trade of the European Union Member States during the first wave of Covid-19 pandemic. Using the framework of the gravity model, we find an overall decline of over 20% in trade following the Covid-19 outbreak. Both supply and demand shocks are shown to contribute to this trade decline associated with Covid-19 in the origin and destination country proxied by either infection rate or policy stringency index. While import demand shocks have an immediate effect on trade decline, trade becomes increasingly sensitive to the Covid-19 situation in the origin country over time. Moreover, the results confirm that forward GVC linkages act as a channel for the transmission of (demand) shocks in supply chain trade. Indeed, an increase in the incidence of Covid-19 cases in the destination country leads to a larger decrease in domestic exports of intermediate goods in those destination countries with which a country has stronger forward linkages, i.e. in partners positioned further downstream. We also find the "China effect", with the transmission of the Covid-19 shock from the partner country amplified when the share of supply chain trade with China is higher. On the other hand, we fail to find robust evidence for the transmission of Covid-19-induced shocks via backward linkages.

Abstract: The Spirit of Student Learning During The Covid-19 PandemicThis study aims to explain in detail how the objective conditions of student enthusiasm for learning are during the Covid-19 pandemic. The research was conducted at UIN Alauddin Makassar with a sample of 79 students. The data collection technique in this study uses a survey using a google form in order to reach students and uses a Likert scale in filling out the survey. The data analysis technique used in this study is to calculate the percentage of data from each indicator, then interpret the data presentation scores and analyze each indicator in depth. The results of this study indicate that the enthusiasm for learning of UIN Alauddin Makassar students is "very good", this is obtained from a survey of 87.5 percent. The results of this study can be used as one of the evaluation materials and the development of students in the Government and Educational Institutions in general and universities in particular which of course carry out online learning in the Covid-19 pandemic era. Abstrak: Semangat Belajar Mahasiswa Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan secara rinci bagaimana kondisi objektif semangat belajar mahasiswa di masa pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian dilakukan di UIN Alauddin Makassar dengan sampel penelitian adalah 79 mahasiswa. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Survei dengan menggunakan google form agar dapat menjangkau mahasiswa dan menggunakan skala Likert dalam pengisian survei. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menghitung persentase data dari setiap indikator, kemudian menginterpretasikan skor penyajian data dan menganalisis setiap indikator secara mendalam. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa semangat belajar mahasiswa UIN Alauddin Makassar "sangat baik", hal ini diperoleh dari Survei sebesar 87,5 persen. Hasil penelitian ini bisa digunakan menjadi salah satu materi evaluasi maupun pengembangan peserta didik di Pemeritah dan Lembaga Pendidikan pada ...

People's neighbourhoods provide the bulk of troops in response to the COVID-19 outbreak. It is therefore not forbidden to expect that the 'health war' will succeed a political and social battle, so that their inhabitants are no longer regarded as a threat, but their merits are recognised and the risks that they ultimately face are taken into account. Regrets the stigma experts who have still given voice in recent days. ; International audience ; People's neighbourhoods provide the bulk of troops in response to the COVID-19 outbreak. It is therefore not forbidden to expect that the 'health war' will succeed a political and social battle, so that their inhabitants are no longer regarded as a threat, but their merits are recognised and the risks that they ultimately face are taken into account. Regrets the stigma experts who have still given voice in recent days. ; Les quartiers populaires fournissent le gros des troupes face à l'épidémie de Covid-19. Il n'est donc pas interdit d'espérer qu'à la « guerre sanitaire » succédera une bataille politique et sociale, pour que leurs habitants ne soient plus considérés comme une menace, mais voient leurs mérites reconnus et les risques disproportionnés qu'ils encourent enfin pris en compte. N'en déplaise aux spécialistes de la stigmatisation qui ont encore donné de la voix ces derniers jours.

Abstract
Even amid the unprecedented public health challenges attributable to the COVID-19 pandemic, opposition to vaccinating against the novel coronavirus has been both prevalent and politically contentious in American public life. In this paper, we theorize that attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination might "spill over" to shape attitudes toward "postpandemic" vaccination programs and policy mandates for years to come. We find this to be the case using evidence from a large, original panel study, as well as two observational surveys, conducted on American adults during the pandemic. Specifically, we observe evidence of COVID-19 vaccine spillover onto general vaccine skepticism, flu shot intention, and attitudes toward hypothetical vaccines (i.e., vaccines in development), which do not have preexisting attitudinal connotations. Further, these spillover effects vary by partisanship and COVID-19 vaccination status, with the political left and those who received two or more COVID-19 vaccine doses becoming more provaccine, while the political right and the unvaccinated became more anti-vaccine. Taken together, these results point to the salience and politicization of the COVID-19 vaccine impacting non-COVID vaccine attitudes. We end by discussing the implications of this study for effective health messaging.

This study analyzes the effects of COVID-19 confinement on the autonomous learning performance of students in higher education. Using a field experiment with 458 students from three different subjects at Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (Spain), we study the differences in assessments by dividing students into two groups. The first group (control) corresponds to academic years 2017/2018 and 2018/2019. The second group (experimental) corresponds to students from 2019/2020, which is the group of students that had their face-to-face activities interrupted because of the confinement. The results show that there is a significant positive effect of the COVID-19 confinement on students' performance. This effect is also significant in activities that did not change their format when performed after the confinement. We find that this effect is significant both in subjects that increased the number of assessment activities and subjects that did not change the student workload. Additionally, an analysis of students' learning strategies before confinement shows that students did not study on a continuous basis. Based on these results, we conclude that COVID-19 confinement changed students' learning strategies to a more continuous habit, improving their efficiency. For these reasons, better scores in students' assessment are expected due to COVID-19 confinement that can be explained by an improvement in their learning performance ; This research was funded by ADeAPTIVE (Advanced Design of e-Learning Applications Personalizing Teaching to Improve Virtual Education) project with the support of the Erasmus + programme of the European Union (grant number 2017-1-ES01-KA203-038266). This study was also funded by ACCIO´, Spain (Pla d'Actuacio´ de Centres Tecnològics 2019) under the project Augmented Workplace. This study was also funded by the Fondo Supera COVID-19 (Project: Development of tools for the assessment in higher education in the COVID-19 confinement

COVID-19 is a disaster. Over two million people have died. And, as noted by Anthony Oliver-Smith (1999), disasters are never merely natural, but also social. There is much debate about how to organize societies to protect citizens from the pandemic, without too much negative impact on citizens, and there are large uncertainties, both in relation to the overall strategies (for example, the level of societal shut-down) and the practical guidelines (Manderson and Levine 2020). Despite the uncertainties, measures to tackle the pandemic are presented to citizens as clear and indisputable. In the space between uncertainty and clarity, there is room for the political, in terms of, for example, lobbyism. Although many things have stopped during the pandemic, politics have not (Hannah et al. 2020). Many of the strategies presented as medically valid are inherently political (Esposito 2020); for example, based on political trade-offs between rich and poor, young and old, white and black, health and the economy (Horton 2020). Or, the political conflict this Intervention will focus on, between health and the environment. ; QC 20210127

Traveling freely, smoothly and unburdened by excessive formalities and the adjoining right to reside in another EU state for work, leisure or study are the hallmarks of the mobility regime applicable to EU citizens and their family members. Measures taken by the majority of EU states to deal with Covid-19 have severely disrupted EU mobility and led to the reestablishment of internal border controls, the introduction of restrictions to travel and even travel bans. These obstacles to mobility have highlighted the EU economy's reliance on EU migrant labor in several sectors, which was further exacerbated by the introduction of an EU travel ban at the external border. This contribution discusses measures taken by Romania that sought to restrict travel to and from Romania, while simultaneously allowing exceptions for nationals to travel to other EU states as essential workers. The Romanian response is discussed in relation to the wider EU attempts to reply to the proliferation of national measures affecting EU free movement and the functioning of the internal market and as an illustration of the need to ensure that mobility goes hand in hand with protection.

Abstract
In the UK, financialization has transformed many areas of the economy, including the housing market. The deregulation of financial markets that took place from the 1980s onwards, combined with the privatization of social housing, has transformed UK real estate from an ordinary good, insulated to some extent from consumer and financial markets, into a valuable financial asset. The financialization of real estate has had a largely negative impact on the UK's housing market, the wider economy and individual communities; wealth inequality, financial instability, gentrification and homelessness have all increased as the role of the financial sector in UK property has increased. The financial crisis only accelerated many of these trends as distressed real estate was bought up by investors in its wake, and as loose monetary policy pushed up house prices in the period after the crisis. The COVID-19 pandemic is only likely to exacerbate these issues; the UK is sleepwalking into a potential evictions crisis, and ongoing loose monetary policy is likely to prevent a significant and necessary correction in house prices over the long term.

In responding to the Covid-19 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, some government policies have been more effective in containing, suppressing, and mitigating the disease than others. Government leaders and public administrators can learn from other countries and adapt these lessons to their crisis management and public health systems. South Korea has emerged as a model to emulate in fighting the pandemic. While South Korea endured devastating early outbreaks, the country flattened the coronavirus curve without paralyzing the national health and economic systems. The author reviews South Korea's public health policy approaches and the embedded context, by using documents and materials written in Korean and English, to learn how the country managed coronavirus from January through April 2020. The critical factors in South Korea's public health administration and management that led to success include national infectious disease plans, collaboration with the private sector, stringent contact tracing, an adaptive health care system, and government-driven communication. This article also proposes some key aspects to be considered to transfer lessons from country-level responses in South Korea to other contexts.

This book is a collective journal of the COVID-19 pandemic. With first-hand accounts of the pandemic as it unfolded, it explores the social and the political through the lens of the outbreak. Featuring contributors located in India, the USA, Brazil, the UK, Germany, and Bulgaria, the book presents us with simultaneous, multiple histories of our time. The volume documents the beginning of social distancing and lockdown measures adopted by countries around the world and analyses how these bore upon prevailing social conditions in specific locations. It presents the authors' personal observations in a lucid conversational style as they reflect on themes such as the reorganization of political debates and issues, the experience of the marginalized, theodicy, government policy responses, and shifts into digital space under lockdown, all of these under an overarching narrative of the healthcare and economic crisis facing the world. A unique and engaging contribution, this book will be useful to students and researchers of sociology, public health, political economy, public policy, and comparative politics. It will also appeal to general readers interested in pandemic literature.

Plans, priorities and public finances must be revised to ensure the Covid-19 virus is contained and the negative impacts of the virus are minimized. The government is responding but the impacts of the pandemic and containment measures are far reaching. New risks have emerged, and many plans, approved by the hluttaw in September 2019, are no longer feasible and may even be dangerous. Government revenues have been impacted by the changed business environment and by government regulation. Essential government entities that rely on own source revenues will require Union government support to continue. Funding for response efforts may be found in cancelled government activities and additional borrowing. Government officials will need to use the full flexibility allowed by the financial management framework to respond quickly. The scale of changes to the budget will likely require an additional supplementary budget. How the government delivers support to people will determine the success or failure of containment measures. The government's commitment to ensuring access to food and medicine should be applauded- though cash may be more efficient.