Suchergebnisse

2020 a été une année singulière dans le monde entier, mais en Russie et au Bélarus, deux régimes autocratiques qui se heurtaient à des difficultés bien avant la pandémie de Covid-19, elle a été celle de bouleversements saisissants.

Despite the great interest shown by the Algerian government to develop the export-oriented economic sector outside of hydrocarbons, it is still completely unable to break free from slavery to the rentier economy that depends on one or two products. Though the economic policies and programs adopted in the last decade to enhance competitiveness in order to advance development that depends on export diversification, the initiatives of the Algerian legislator and decision-maker still lack the seriousness and strategic planning that sees with exporting producer eye rather than the importing owner eye. Within this framework, we try in this study to analyze and evaluate the strategy of export diversification to get rid of rentier dependency and come up with practical proposals and realistic solutions and point out the challenges and obstacles that may face the Algerian economy.

Abstract. The European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) mission is to deliver
high-quality global medium-range numerical weather predictions and monitoring
of the Earth system to its member states. The modelling and forecasting of
natural hazards are an important part of this mission. Challenges in this
area include the integration of innovative observations into the Earth system;
realistic representations of water, energy and carbon cycles; coupling and
initialisation of all Earth system components; adequate representation of
uncertainties; supporting the development of user-specific products to enable
optimal decision-making under uncertainties; and advances in software
engineering. The new ECMWF strategy identified three pillars to sustain its future
development (ECMWF, 2021a): science and technology (world-leading weather and
Earth system science, cutting-edge technology and computational science),
impact (high-quality products fit for purpose, efficient and easy access to
products), and people (inspiring and hiring the best experts). Progress in all
these areas will need enhanced collaboration with member states and partners
across Europe and beyond.

There are numerous works of both Russian and foreign authors concerning the issue of modernization, yet interest toward it is far from exhausted. While complexity of globalization processes grows, modernization constantly presents us with new challenges, thus demanding new approaches in research. This article represents our attempt to rethink existing concepts in order to prove the preference of deploying research in a socio-cultural direction, which may ensure priority of the human factor, social partnership and social equality in the global arena, as, without these, modernization also loses its socio-cultural perspective and content. Most certainly, this new idea requires a sociocultural model of modernization to be created, as well as a corresponding methodology. However, we are forced to narrow the postulate of the topic, as the justification of the need for such a model raises certain questions, namely: why exactly it is needed, and what factors hindering its development are present in existing modernization theories. Therefore, the following tasks have been prioritized: highlighting the positive aspects of the three stages of modernization theory, changing the paradigms of research approaches, creating the principles of interdisciplinarity by the American school of social scientists, determining the role of science in the institutionalization of these processes. The article highlights as determining factors of the socio-cultural modernization strategy the political motives for creating the modernization theory, leading to an increase in the status of strong states over weak ones, to an imbalance in the development of different societies, subordination of the weak to the powerful. Unlike many researchers who associate the leap in human progress with the Industrial Revolution and the Great French Revolution, the author believes that the true origins of the phenomenon should be found in the Scientific Revolution of the Western countries of the 16th—17th centuries. After all, the basis and driving force of modernization consist of intellectual capital and the middle class. The article also provides examples of practical application of scientific discoveries, its destructive and positive influence on Western societies in the era of rapid changes, giving examples to all humanity. In conclusion, the article defines the socio-cultural model of modernization.

artykuł w: Anuario Latinoamericano : ciencias políticas y relaciones internacionales Vol. 11 (2021), s. 83-98 ; tytuł równoległy w języku hiszpańskim: Indicadores de comportamiento autoritariode líderes políticos: el caso Bolsonaro (2019–2020) ; streszczenia w językach angielskim, hiszpańskim ; artykuł w: Anuario Latinoamericano : ciencias políticas y relaciones internacionales Vol. 11 (2021), s. 83-98 ; tytuł równoległy w języku hiszpańskim: Indicadores de comportamiento autoritariode líderes políticos: el caso Bolsonaro (2019–2020) ; streszczenia w językach angielskim, hiszpańskim

Derecho y Politicas ambientales en Castilla la Mancha (primer semestre 2020)

This paper examines the causes and effects of mobile number portability (MNP) and provides a survey of its implementation in Europe. We first examine the competitive effects and the costs of introducing MNP. Next, we discuss how to charge for MNP. We argue that a price cap regime starting from the average cost of porting is likely to provide appropriate incentives. Finally, we review the recent experience with implementing MNP in Europe. Differences in the speed of porting and porting charges appear to explain part of the differences in the use of MNP across countries.

This study addresses a communicational approach to internet memes, understanding them as devices that take place in the process of mediatization of society. It focuses on the discursive aspects involved in the production and reproduction of memes, which are re-signified through operations that involve deframing and reframing and that trigger interdiscursivity. This research analyzes the use of internet memes in the Brazilian Protestant religious field, in web pages that describe themselves as having an evangelical humor. The main objective is to identify the discursive strategies and the effects of meaning constructed through memes. A multiple case study is undertaken, analyzing memes in three web pages chosen from the identification of reading contracts that hold similarities and also singularities, memes that act as enunciation devices by which new interactions of the religious and media fields in the environment of social networks are delineated.

Immigration has become a hot topic in West European politics. The factors responsible for the intensification of political conflict on this issue are a matter of considerable controversy. This holds in particular for the role of socio-economic factors and of radical right populist parties. This article explores the politicization of immigration issues and its driving forces in the electoral arena. It is based on a comparative study using both media and manifesto data covering six West European countries (Austria, France, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland, and the UK) for a period from the early 1990s until 2017. We find no association between socio-economic factors and levels of politicization. Political conflict over immigration follows a political logic and must be attributed to parties and party competition rather than to 'objective pressures.' More specifically, we provide evidence that the issue entrepreneurship of radical right populist parties plays a crucial role in explaining variation in the politicization of immigration.