Suchergebnisse

Abstract
I review two recent books on music, both inspired by cognitive neuroscience but differing in most other respects. Isabelle Peretz, an expert in the cognitive neuroscience of music, describes how we perceive and produce music, as reflected in neural and behavioral re­sponsiveness. Her book is intended for general readers who are interested in music and curious about the science behind our musical nature-brains that are prepared for music and changed by active musical engagement. Lynn Helding, an expert in vocal perfor­mance and pedagogy, draws on findings from psychology and neuroscience to inform her approach to music learning and teaching. Aimed at musicians, aspiring musicians, and those who teach them, her book focuses largely on the means of optimizing learning and skilled performance.

Website esd.cnam.fr Dix epistemology milestones in management sciences Summary This text presents 10 epistemology milestones in management sciences. The text is structured as follows: After presenting management sciences as a field of knowledge and the milestones 'relevance', 'substantive approach', 'contextualist approach', 'multi-, inter-, transdisciplinarity', 'management sciences disciplines', 'valise word' — 'umbrella concept' — 'borderline object', 'organisation' — 'organising', 'funcalismesubstantialismeessentialism', he proposed a focus on ontology and terminology, a focus on the concept of 'subject matter', a milestone on the ontology of concepts, a milestone on the three questions (gnoseological, methodological, pragmatic, political-ethical and pragmatic axiological issues) and on the criteria of reliability, building validity, internal validity and external validity, and gave an overview of the vitalist approach, the conventionnalist approach, the general approach and the culturalist approach, as well as their tension and the corresponding milestone, followed by a conclusion on the gnoseological question in management sciences. ; Site web esd.cnam.fr Dix jalons d'épistémologie en sciences de gestion Résumé Ce texte présente dix jalons d'épistémologie en sciences de gestion. Le texte est organisé de la manière suivante. Après avoir présenté les sciences de gestion comme champ de savoir et les jalons « rigueurpertinenceimpact », « approche substantialisteapproche contextualiste », « pluri-, inter-, transdisciplinarité », « les disciplines des sciences de gestion », « mot valise »-« concept ombrelle »-« objet frontière », « organisation »-« organizing », « fonctionnalismesubstantialismeessentialisme », il propose un focus sur ontologie et terminologie, un focus sur la notion d'« objet », un jalon sur l'ontologie des concepts, un jalon sur les trois questions (gnoséologique, méthodologique, enjeux axiologiques & pragmatiques & téléologiques & politico-éthiques) ainsi que sur les critères de ...

Tras más de tres décadas de desarrollo de los estudios de Ciencia y Género, es necesario reflexionar acerca de los efectos de la crítica feminista de la ciencia sobre la práctica científica real. Los efectos de la presencia de mujeres científicas en algunas disciplinas, como la primatología, son citados a menudo como ejemplo del cambio de paradigma propiciado al aplicar modelos interpretativos alternativos. Pero no es menos cierto que las epistemologías feministas más radicales que defendían una ciencia alternativa feminista han ido perdiendo peso. El empirismo feminista y contextual de Helen Longino y la defensa de una ciencia responsable, sostenible y feminista de L. Schiebinger pueden configurar un programa alternativo más viable. Éste puede insertarse en el programa filosófico más amplio de la defensa de una ciencia democrática. ; After more than three decades of Science and Gender studies, it is necessary to think about the effects that feminist criticism of science has produced on scientific practice. The presence of scientific women in some disciplines, such as Primatology, is often mentioned as an example of the change of paradigm fostered by the employment of alternative interpretative models. But nonetheless, it is also truth that those most radical feminist epistemologies, which defended an alternative feminist science, have been losing strength. Helen Longino's feminist and contextual empiricism and L. Schiebinger's vindication of a responsible, sustainable and feminist science, can result into a more viable alternative program. This may be inserted into the wider philosophical program of defence of a democratic science.

AbstractDespite emerging attention to Indigenous philosophies both within and outside of feminism, Indigenous logics remain relatively underexplored and underappreciated. By amplifying the voices of recent Indigenous philosophies and literatures, I seek to demonstrate that Indigenous logic is a crucial aspect of Indigenous resurgence as well as political and ethical resistance. Indigenous philosophies provide alternatives to the colonial, masculinist tendencies of classical logic in the form of paraconsistent—many-valued—logics. Specifically, when Indigenous logics embrace the possibility of true contradictions, they highlight aspects of the world rejected and ignored by classical logic and inspire a relational, decolonial imaginary. To demonstrate this, I look to biology, from which Indigenous logics are often explicitly excluded, and consider one problem that would benefit from an Indigenous, paraconsistent analysis: that of the biological individual. This article is an effort to expand the arenas in which allied feminists can responsibly take up and deploy these decolonial logics.

Simon's complaint that Robinson Crusoe was not a resource allocator suffers from a failure to define what is meant by a 'resource', by a failure to elaborate a meaningful concept of technology and technological change, by an overstated position on the importance of Crusoe as a heuristic device, and by the persistent belief that population growth holds the secret to the salvation of planet earth. (Abstract amended)

Literature is an open concept and a creative art which expresses human history, experiences, imagination, observations, predictions and suggestions at a particular time in a given society. Either as fiction or non-fiction, literature can be rendered in both spoken and written words. It is often argued whether literature is for itself or the development of the society that produces it. This study, therefore, interrogates how the selected Francophone African novels, namely Sembène Ousmane's Les bouts de bois de Dieu, Mariama Bâ's Une si longue lettre, Ferdinand Oyono's Le vieux nègre et la médaille, Aminata Sow Fall's La grève des bàttu, Patrick Ilboudo's Les vertiges du trône and Fatou Keïta's Rebelle, depict the function of literature. The novelists are selected because of their inclination towards the social transformation paradigm. The purpose of this paper is to raise people's awareness and mobilize them towards positive change. Based on close reading, the paper is built around Marxist theory which is interested in the class struggle as demonstrated in a literary text, with a view to deconstructing the existing capitalist tendencies in a given society. The findings reveal that the selected novels are focused on the poor conditions socio-politically, economically, culturally and psychologically that exist both during and after the colonial era. The paper concludes that literature helps readers to cope with the socio-cultural, political, economic, religious and other challenges of their immediate as well as remote environments through the process of self-discovery. As such, positive social change is possible through literature. ; Literatura je odprt pojem. Gre za umetnostno zvrst, ki upodablja človekovo zgodovino, izkušnje, domišljijo, opažanja, predvidevanja in predloge v izbranem trenutku razvoja dane družbe. Tako fikcijsko kot tudi stvarno literaturo je mogoče ustvariti v govorjeni ali pisani besedi. Razprave o literaturi pogosto obravnavajo vprašanje, ali literatura nastaja zaradi same sebe ali nemara ne prispeva k razvoju družbe, v kateri je nastala. V prispevku poskušamo odgovoriti na vprašanje, kako je vloga literature obravnavana v izbranih frankofonskih romanih afriških avtorjev in avtoric. V raziskavi smo se osredotočili na romane Božji koščki lesa pisatelja Sembèna Ousmana, Dolgo dolgo pismo pisateljice Mariame Bâ, Starec in medalja pisatelja Ferdinanda Oyonoja, La grève des bàttu pisateljiceAminate Sow Fall, Les vertiges du trône pisatelja Patricka Ilboudoja in Rebelle pisateljice Fatou Keïta. Za omenjena literarna dela smo se odločili zaradi izrazite težnje njihovih avtorjev in avtoric po družbeni preobrazbi. V pričujočem prispevku želimo bralce in bralke ozavestiti ter jih vzpodbuditi k pozitivnim spremembam. Teoretični temelj prispevka je marksistična teorija, ki se osredotoča na literarni opis razrednega boja z željo po dekonstrukciji obstoječih kapitalističnih teženj v družbi. Raziskava je pokazala, da se obravnavani romani osredotočajo na opis slabega družbeno-političnega, ekonomskega, kulturnega in psihološkega stanja, ki je zaznamovalo tako kolonialno kot tudi postkolonialno obdobje afriških držav. Na podlagi analize izbranih literarnih del lahko ugotovimo, da literatura bralcem pomaga pri spopadanju z družbeno-kulturnimi, političnimi, ekonomskimi, verskimi in drugimi izzivi, s katerimi se v procesu samospoznavanja soočajo ob stiku z bolj ali manj neposrednim okoljem. Literatura torej omogoča pozitivne družbene spremembe.