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Recently China has adopted the Belt and Road Initiative as a core component of its foreign policy. An important goal of the initiative is to connect China to major Eurasian and African nations through infrastructure building, including Internet infrastructure. Drawing on the critical political economy tradition to media policies, this article offers a broad overview of the communication and information segment of the initiative, which has so far been undervalued or even overlooked in the existing literature. Based on a two-level document analysis, I argue that a growing and complex alliance has been formed between the state and its homegrown Internet companies in building a "digital Silk Road," with a multifaceted aim to mitigate industrial overcapacity, facilitate corporate China's global expansion, support the internationalization of the renminbi, construct a China-centered transnational network infrastructure, and promote an Internet-enabled "inclusive globalization." The highly dynamic state-capital interplays, however, continue to create tensions and conflicts.

International audience ; The economic and social phenomena which play a role in shaping cities are largely unaffected by institutional boundaries. In other words, public actors in "cities unbound" deal with problems that are not restricted to their own institutional area, and that cannot be solved at that level either. In this article, we have focused on the way public actors come to an agreement on the rules (norms, ratios, perimeters, etc.) that serve as guidelines for local public action. What are the different rationales that govern this "rule-building process" and how do the actors reach agreement when they have diverging points of view? In our investigation, we gave priority to the ideological and area-based aspects by examining how the negotiations between local authorities and the state and the actions that are undertaken reflect the ideologies of local actors and the interests of the areas and the people they represent. In the context of French debate on the reform of local institutions, two types of local actors more specifically aroused our interest: the intermunicipal authority and the "Département". In recent years, the development of intermunicipal institutions received a real impetus from the 1999 local government act. In order to meet the changing needs of urban areas, the act created a new kind of intermunicipal authority, the "Communauté d'Agglomération", which was invested with extensive responsibilities in the areas of local development and planning. As no elections are held to appoint individuals to intermunicipal authorities, these institutions are not politically independent of the governments of the municipalities that comprise them. Do the intermunicipal authorities take part in defining new local issues? How do they contribute to the coordination of policies for different sectors at their own level? Based on a case study of the "Communauté d'agglomération du Val-de-Bièvre" in the Greater Paris Region, we will highlight the role of intermunicipal authority in public rule-building ...

The main goal of study is investigating the procedure for the issuance of Building Permit (BCP) for housing which they are expressly regulated in the provisions of the applicable legislation. In this vein, BCP must first be met formal and material requirements and then pay attention to technical and non-technical aspects before the taking the development process. However, in its implementation, BCPs were still being issued without regard to the provisions requirements of he prevailing laws and regulations. The problem discussed in this study is to study the legal consequences of the cancellation of Building Permit (BCP) on the house purchase agreement and compensating the void and null between the developer and the consumer by implementing the legal protection against consumers.

Watanabe, A.: Japan and Australia: a comparison of their strategies for coexistence with Asia and America. - S.6-15. Kikuchi, T.: Towards multilateral initiatives: Can Japan and Australia cope with an emerging Asia Pacific? - S.16-37. Dalrymple, R.: Japan and Australia as anchors: Do the chains still bind? - S.38-52. Yamamoto, Y.: Japanese security policies in the post Cold War era: the Asia Pacific perspective. - S.53-75. Lim, R.: Australia's stake in Asia Pacific regional security. - S.76-87. Hirano, K.: Japan's cultural exchange approaches in Asia Pacific. - S.88-97. Tiffen, R.: International news and political agendas in the Asia Pacific region: an Australian perspective. - S.98-113. Fujiwara, K.: State formation and regional order: Southeast Asia in the international enviroment. - S.114-125. King , P.: Australia and Southeast Asia: 'Comprehensive engagement' or marriage of convenience? - S.126-136

บทคัดย่อ การวิจัยในครั้งนี้นี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อ1) ศึกษาสภาพปัญหาและปัจจัยมูลเหตุของครอบครัวในชุมชนแออัดจังหวัดอุบลราชธานี และ 2) หาแนวทางสร้างความเข้มแข็งของครอบครัวในชุมชนแออัดจังหวัดอุบลราชธานี ด้วยเครื่องมือคือแบบสอบถาม แล้วหาแนวทางสร้างความเข้มแข็งของครอบครัว ด้วยการสนทนากลุ่ม โดยนำผลการประเมินความเข้มแข็งของครอบครัวในคุณภาพการปฏิบัติระดับต่ำเข้าสู่แนวทางการสร้างความเข้มแข็งของครอบครัว ส่วนคุณภาพของการปฏิบัติระดับสูง นำมาเป็นต้นแบบในการพัฒนา โดยใช้สถิติค่าร้อยละ F-test สัมประสิทธิ์เพียร์สัน และการพรรณนาวิเคราะห์ผลการวิจัยในสภาพปัญหาและปัจจัยมูลเหตุของปัญหาครอบครัวในชุมชนแออัดจังหวัดอุบลราชธานี ชี้ให้เห็นสภาพปัญหาทางกายภาพว่ายังคงอยู่ สภาพปัญหาทางเศรษฐกิจสังคมและวัฒนธรรมได้จากแบบสอบถาม พบว่าปัจจัยมูลเหตุของปัญหาครอบครัวต่างมีที่มาเกี่ยวข้องสัมพันธ์กัน และต่างก็เป็นเหตุเป็นผลต่อกัน ปัญหาหลักคือปัญหาหนี้สินในครอบครัวและปัญหาความยากจน ข้อค้นพบเหล่านี้ใช้เป็นข้อมูลเบื้องต้นเพื่อนำไปสู่แนวทางการสร้างครอบครัวเข้มแข็งแนวทางการสร้างความเข้มแข็งของครอบครัวในชุมชนแออัดจังหวัดอุบลราชธานี พิจารณาตามองค์ประกอบครอบครัวเข้มแข็ง 5 ด้าน ได้แก่ 1) ด้านสัมพันธภาพ 2) ด้านการทำบทบาทหน้าที่ของครอบครัว 3) ด้านการพึ่งตนเองทางเศรษฐกิจ/สุขภาพ/ข้อมูลข่าวสารและโอกาสในการเรียนรู้ 4) ด้านทุนทางสังคม 5) ด้านการหลีกเลี่ยงภาวะเสี่ยงและการปรับตัวได้ในภาวะยากลำบาก ซึ่งสัมพันธ์กับผลการตอบแบบสอบถามเกี่ยวกับสภาพปัญหาและปัจจัยมูลเหตุของปัญหาครอบครัว แต่องค์ประกอบครอบครัวเข้มแข็ง 5 ด้าน ได้ผ่านการคัดกรองจนเหลือส่วนที่มีผลการประเมินคุณภาพของการปฏิบัติระดับต่ำถึงสูง เมื่อวิเคราะห์ความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างองค์ประกอบและตัวชี้วัดมาตรฐานครอบครัวเข้มแข็งกับสภาพปัญหาของครอบครัวกรณีผลการประเมินมีคุณภาพระดับต่ำ พบว่า มีความสัมพันธ์กับปัญหาความยากจนและปัญหาหนี้สินของครอบครัวอย่างใกล้ชิด วิธีปฏิบัติเพื่อนำไปสู่การสร้างครอบครัวเข้มแข็งทาได้โดยแต่ละครอบครัวหันมาใส่ใจพัฒนาตนเองในองค์ประกอบที่มีคุณภาพของการปฏิบัติระดับต่ำ โดยยึดองค์ประกอบที่มีคุณภาพของการปฏิบัติระดับสูงเป็นต้นแบบ กล่าวคือ ศึกษาและนาวิธีการแก้ปัญหาที่เหมาะสมมาประยุกต์ใช้ในครอบครัวของตน ขณะเดียวกันก็นำภูมิปัญญาท้องถิ่นเกี่ยวกับครอบครัวเข้มแข็งภายในชุมชนของตนมาเป็นจุดแข็งในการพัฒนา ทั้งนี้การแก้ปัญหาและแนวทางการสร้างความเข้มแข็งของครอบครัวอาศัยความร่วมมือจาก 5 ฝ่าย ได้แก่ ครอบครัวในชุมชนแออัดเจ้าของพื้นที่ศึกษา ผู้นำชุมชนและนักการเมืองท้องถิ่น องค์กรชุมชน องค์กรภาครัฐ และองค์กรภาคเอกชน ABSTRACTThe purposes of this research were to study 1) the family problems and basic causes in the slums in Ubon Ratchatani Province and 2) to find out the approaches of building family strengths in the slums in Ubon Ratchatani Province by using the tool: survey forms to find out the approaches of building family strengths with focus groups to assess the family strength by applying performance quality at low level to the approaches of building the family strength whereas performance quality at high level is considered as a model in development with the use of percentage F-test pearson correlation and descriptive analysis.The results of the family problems and basic causes in the slums in Ubon Ratchatani Province indicate that physical problems are still happening. Economic, social and cultural problems analyzed from questionnaires reveal that the basic causes of family problems are related to one another as cause and effect. The main problems are household debt and poverty. The discovered points turn to primary data to the approaches of building family strengths.The approaches of building family strengths in the slums in Ubon Ratchatani Province are considered by five factors of family strength: 1) relationship 2) family roles 3) self – reliance on economic/health/information and learning opportunity 4) social cost 5) risk avoidance and adaptation in hardship. All of the factors are related to results of questionnaire concerning with the family problems and basic causes. However, the five factors of family strength are screened to the remained assessment of performance quality at low to high level. When analyzing among the relationship of factors, standard indicators and family problems, in case of the results in performance quality at low level, it shows that the relationship between poverty and household debt are closely associated with each other. The practical approach leading to build family strength is that each family starts developing at the factor of performance quality at low level by focusing on the factor of performance quality at high level as a model. In other words, the families learn and apply appropriate solutions in their own families. Additionally, local wisdom about building family strength in their communities can be applied as the strength of developmental approach. As a result, the solution and approaches of building family strength can be addressed by five sectors: families in communities of study field, community leaders and local politicians, community organizations, government sectors and private sectors

"This book describes the concept of brand identity; examines managing brands by using social media; introduces brand building strategies in social media; explains creative strategy and the importance of content in social media; and describes the role of social media in different forms of brand building, and explains the impact of social media on brand loyalty"--

Bedenkt man die Bedeutung, die Religion weltweit in der Politik wiedergewonnen hat, behandelt dieses Buch eine der drängendsten Fragen unserer Zeit: Wie hängen Religion, Gewalt und der moderne Staat zusammen? Das Rätsel, das dieses Buch zu lösen sucht, zeigt sich in einer Selbstverbrennung für politischen Wandel im Staat. Damit verbunden ist die Frage nach der Rationalität religiöser Akteure. Wie kann der eigene Tod ein politisches Mittel sein, wenn doch für Hobbes die Sicherung des eigenen Lebens der zentrale Grund für die Bildung eines Staates ist? Wie kann ein religiöser politischer Akteur rational sein, wenn doch für Weber die Orientierung des Verhaltens an Werten immer – in unterschiedlichem Grade – irrational ist? Wie beeinflusst Religion Entscheidungen? Was erklärt Unterschiede im Verhalten? Das Buch behandelt die Verbindung zwischen Religion, Staatenbildung und Rationalität theoretisch und gibt tiefe Einsichten in die Politik des Buddhismus in Sri Lanka von der Unabhängigkeit bis heute.

The role of war in processes of state-making has long been hotly disputed. Although generally considered an African 'success story', the case of Somaliland, whose unilateral declaration of independence was embedded in violent conflict, may be instructive. Applying the conceptual prism of 'rule standardization', this article argues that episodes of large-scale violence were constitutive of Somaliland's state-making trajectory. Based on theoretical reasoning and empirical findings, the article concludes that, while collective political violence is neither an angel of order nor a daemon of decay, war can be constitutive of state-making under the condition that it advances institutional and identity standardization.

"This book provides an updated view of the newest trends, novel practices and latest tendencies concerning building inclusive global knowledge societies for sustainable development in the Post-COVID-19 Era, while focusing on the benefits and the opportunities derived from the new economy and the global knowledge societies."

© 2013 Wilson et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ; Background The importance of consumer trust in the food supply has previously been identified, and dimensions of consumer trust in food—who they trust and the type of trust that they exhibit—has been explored. However, there is a lack of research about the mechanisms through which consumer trust in the food supply is developed, maintained, broken and repaired. This study seeks to address this gap by exploring if, and how, consumer trust in the food supply is considered by the media, food industry and governments when responding to food scares. The aim of the research is to develop models of trust building that can be implemented following food scares. Methods Semi-structured interviews will be undertaken with media, public relations officials and policy makers in Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom. Participants will be recruited through purposive sampling and will be asked to discuss a hypothetical case study outlining a food incident, and any experiences of specific food scares. Models of trust development, maintenance and repair will be developed from interview data. Comment on these models will be sought from experts in food-related organizations through a Delphi study, where participants will be asked to consider the usefulness of the models. Participants' comments will be used to revise the models until consensus is reached on the suitability and usability of the models. Discussion This study will contribute to the literature about systems-based trust, and explore trust as a social and regulatory process. The protocol and results will be of interest and use to the food industry, food regulators, consumer advocate groups, media seeking to report food-related issues and policy makers concerned with public health and consumer health and well-being. This research represents an important contribution to the translation of the theoretical conceptualizations of trust into practical use in the context of food.

This paper discusses the compliance and enforcement processes of the National Building Regulations of South Africa. These processes are administered by the National Regulator for Compulsory Specifications (NRCS) in terms of the National Building Regulations and Building Standards Act 103 of 1977 (The Act). The objective was to investigate the how the business processes by the NRCS have enforced Building Control Officers at the Local Authorities nationwide to comply with the safety of buildings for building occupants or end-users. The investigation was largely motivated by the high number of injuries, deaths and/or human lives affected and reported due to collapsing and defective buildings. It was a case study based on disasters occurred and reported at various Local Authorities, in private residential homes, government-owned buildings, abandoned and commercial buildings, such as shopping malls. This study applied the interpretive approach underpinned by qualitative methodology where interviews and questionnaires were used to collect data from affected stakeholders. The stakeholders ranged from building owners, prospective building owners and/or building occupants, built-environment practitioners, Local Authorities? Building Control Officers and the Regulator. In gathering the data, it was ensured that it was done in an ethical manner and for the intended study only. The empirical findings revealed that there was a critical need for business process review and strategy shifts that advance objectivity and benefits to compliance, visibility and awareness of regulatory process. The output is a proposed re-design NRCS business processes that can effectively enforce compliance of the building regulations of South Africa.

"From Governor and White House cabinet member Michael Leavitt: how to find collaborative solutions to the greatest challengesYour business challenges extend far beyond you and your firm, to the competitors within your industry and the regulators outside it. Finding solutions to larger issues requires cooperation between diverse stakeholders, and in this rapidly changing world, only those able to adapt and network successfully will produce fast, competitive solutions. How can leaders successfully bridge divides and turn competitors into collaborators? Leavitt and McKeown explain how a well-chosen network can become a powerful alliance. Whether you're launching a new partnership, or rehabilitating one already in progress, Finding Allies, Building Alliances will help you find workable solutions to the most complex problems. Written by Micheal O. Leavitt, former Governor of Utah who brought the 2002 Winter Olympics to Salt Lake City, former US Secretary of Health and human services, and former head of the EPA; with his former Chief of Staff and business partner Rich McKeown, co-founder of Leavitt Partners Includes a framework of 8 elements that will help any leader foster and maintain an effective, productive collaborative venture Shows how better collaboration can not only solve problems, but boost the competitiveness and resilience in all sectors Finding Allies, Building Alliances is essential reading for any business leader looking for transformative solutions and a sustainable future"--