Search results

In the coastal countries of East Asia and Southeast Asia, ciguatera should be common because of the extensive tropical and subtropical coral reefs along the coasts and in the neighboring seas with ciguatoxic fishes. An extensive search of journal databases, the Internet and the government websites was performed to identify all reports of ciguatera from the regions. Based on the official data and large published case series, the incidence of ciguatera was higher in the coastal cities (Hong Kong, Foshan, Zhongshan) of southern China than in Japan (Okinawa Prefecture). In Singapore, ciguatera appeared to be almost unknown. In other countries, only isolated cases or small case series were reported, but under-reporting was assumed to be common. Ciguatera may cause severe acute illness and prolonged neurological symptoms. Ciguatera represents an important public health issue for endemic regions, with significant socio-economic impact. Coordinated strategies to improve risk assessment, risk management and risk communication are required. The systematic collection of accurate data on the incidence and epidemiology of ciguatera should enable better assessment and management of its risk. Much more work needs to be done to define the size threshold for important coral reef fish species from different regions, above which the risk of ciguatera significantly increases.

Marxism is a theory which originated in the context of nineteenth-century industrialised Europe. Despite its European origins, Marxism has actually found greatest significance as a doctrine for change in the context of the underdeveloped peasant societies of Asia. This paradox has only been resolved through adaptation of Marxism to suit the specific features of particular Asian societies. There has consequently been a differentiation of Marxism along national lines. In this book, first published in 1985, the theoretical and practical implications for this national differentiation of a 'univers.

Offshore asia : maritime interactions in eastern asia before steamships -- Contents -- List of Maps -- List of Tables and Figures -- Preface -- Contributors -- Map 1: Eastern Asia in the 13th-16th Centuries -- Chapter 1. Introduction: Maritime Interactions in Eastern Asia by Momoki Shiro and Anthony Reid -- Chapter 2. The Periodization of Southeast Asian History, in Comparison with that of Northeast Asia by Momoki Shiro and Hasuda Takashi -- Chapter 3. Merchants, Envoys, Brokers and Pirates: Hokkien Connections in Pre-modern Maritime Asia by James K. Chin -- Chapter 4. An Asian Commercial Ecumene, 900-1300 CE by Geoff Wade -- Chapter 5. The Japanese Archipelago and Maritime Asia from the 9th to the 14th Centuries by Yamauchi Shinji -- Chapter 6. Saltpetre Trade and Warfare in Early Modern Asia by Sun Laichen -- Chapter 7. Shaping Maritime East Asia in the 15th and 16th Centuries through Choson Korea by Kenneth R. Robinson -- Chapter 8. Shipwreck Salvage and Survivors' Repatriation Networks of the East Asian Rim in the Qing Dynasty by Liu Shiuh-feng -- Chapter 9. Wei Zhiyan and the Subversion of the Sakoku by Iioka Naoko -- Chapter 10. Metal Exports and Textile Imports of Tokugawa Japan in the 17th Century: The South Asian Connection by Fujita Kayoko -- Bibliography of Works Cited -- Index -- Nalanda-Sriwijaya Series.

In order to achieve success, managers need to understand the strategic issues in Asia. Strategy for Success in Asiacovers areas from the uniqueness of Asia like its economic and cultural diversity to the roles of governments and the importance of alliances. One of the first books to offer a perspective effective company strategy and how local and multinational companies can achieve strategic success in Asia. This important book is for anyone who has a stake in Asia or has plans to do business in it.

Asia-Pacific cities are experiencing substantial environmental problems, which require innovative policy approaches. One newly emergent policy strand is that of 'sustainable consumption'. This approach aims to reduce environmental degradation by encouraging all consumers to adopt more environmentally friendly modes of behaviour, especially those living in congested and environmentally degraded urban areas. Although a promising initiative, significant conceptual and practical problems exist with sustainable consumption's current policy framework. However, rather than abandon the idea completely, consumption should become central to researching environmental issues in Asia-Pacific cities. Here, a 'political ecology' approach frames all forms of consumption as revealing political, economic and cultural practices and modes of distributions that give rise to current unsustainable outcomes. Through in-depth examinations of current forms of consumption, this approach aims to offer a challenging perspective for future research into Asia-Pacific urban environmental problems.

Asia-Pacific cities are experiencing substantial environmental problems, which require innovative policy approaches. One newly emergent policy strand is that of 'sustainable consumption'. This approach aims to reduce environmental degradation by encouraging all consumers to adopt more environmentally friendly modes of behaviour, especially those living in congested and environmentally degraded urban areas. Although a promising initiative, significant conceptual and practical problems exist with sustainable consumption's current policy framework. However, rather than abandon the idea completely, consumption should become central to researching environmental issues in Asia-Pacific cities. Here, a 'political ecology' approach frames all forms of consumption as revealing political, economic and cultural practices and modes of distributions that give rise to current unsustainable outcomes. Through in-depth examinations of current forms of consumption, this approach aims to offer a challenging perspective for future research into Asia-Pacific urban environmental problems.