Search results

A brief history of the Town of Guilderland, written and updated by former Town Historian, Arthur B. Gregg. It was prepared at the request of the Town Board. Describes the Helderberg Mountains Region of upstate New York.

In this book, Lee Shai Weissbach offers the first comprehensive portrait of small-town Jewish life in America. Exploring the history of communities of 100 to 1000 Jews, the book focuses on the years from the mid-nineteenth century to World War II. Weissbach examines the dynamics of 490 communities across the United States and reveals that smaller Jewish centers were not simply miniature versions of larger communities but were instead alternative kinds of communities in many respects.The book investigates topics ranging from migration patterns to occupational choices, from Jewish education and marriage strategies to congregational organization. The story of smaller Jewish communities attests to the richness and complexity of American Jewish history and also serves to remind us of the diversity of small-town society in times past

Intro -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- List of Abbreviations -- Table of Reports and Working Papers -- Table of Conventions and Model Laws -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1. Cape Town Convention: A Long Journey Home -- 1.2. In Search of Underlying Objectives and Challenges -- 1.3. Scope of this Book -- 1.4. Structure of this Book -- 1.5. History of the Cape Town Convention: The Key Stages -- 2. Defining the Scope of the Convention -- 2.1. Overview -- 2.2. Identifying the Problem -- 2.3. Proposing a Solution: The Concept of International Interest -- 2.4. Evolution of the Concept of Internationality -- 3. Selecting the Asset Types Covered by the Convention -- 3.1. Overview -- 3.2. Evolution of the Concept of Mobile Equipment -- 3.3. Aircraft -- 3.4. Ships -- 3.5. Mining, Agricultural and Construction Equipment -- 4. Choosing an Appropriate Structure for the Convention -- 4.1. Overview -- 4.2. Transition to Asset-Specific Regulation -- 4.3. Separation of the Aircraft Protocol -- 5. Addressing Inter Partes Matters: Remedies and Party Autonomy -- 5.1. Overview -- 5.2. The Role of Party Autonomy -- 5.3. Remedies -- 6. Addressing Matters Affecting Third Parties: Key Considerations -- 6.1. Overview -- 6.2. Development of the System of Priorities -- 6.3. Development of the Registration System -- 7. Measuring the Feasibility of the Convention: Commercial Concerns and State Sensitivities -- 7.1. Overview -- 7.2. The Role of Commercial Factors in the Development of the CTC -- 7.3. State Sensitivities -- 8. Process-Management Challenges -- 8.1. Overview -- 8.2. The Role of Working Groups in the Development of the Convention -- 8.3. Alternatives as an Instrument of Crystallising Negotiations -- 8.4. Obtaining Industry Support -- 9. Conclusions -- 9.1 Lessons for Commercial Treaty-Making.

AbstractThis article follows the trajectories by which modernity and development in Turkey have been constituted as an antagonism between villages and cities. Both inspired, albeit in opposing ways, modernising/ developmental ideals, and constituted the true locus of nationalist discourses. Meanwhile, small towns with shrinking populations, low‐level capital accumulation and limited jobs have been left invisible. They have been depicted as irrelevant places of the same essence, which had nothing to add to the story. As such, the article is an analysis of how the Republican history is constructed as a narrative of an antagonism between the West and the East, backwardness and progress, modern and non‐modern. What follows is an exploration of how provincial places and people, which are lumped together on either side of these binaries, are left out, silenced or marginalized.

Urban growth is a major theme in economic development and a policy imperative for developed countries that seek to create sustainable cities. We argue that the past weighs heavily on the ability of societies to sustainably manage urban environments. The policy implications of urban history are revealed in comparisons of cities across times and between places. The special issue presents some of the best recent work on the economic and social history of Australian cities. We aim to encourage historians to incorporate urban variables into studies of historical processes and to persuade policymakers to consider historical trends in their analysis.

The development of local government units is determined by many factors. The most important is the financial condition, which determines the possibilities of the effective implementation of tasks, both current and as an investment. In the face of an unstable macroeconomic environment, as well as growing expectations of residents regarding the improvement of living standards, local government finance management takes place under conditions of strong pressure and great uncertainty. Therefore, a rational budget policy is a prerequisite for achieving the approved development goals. It should be based on greater control of the performance and discipline in the use of budget funds. The purpose of this article is to assess and compare the financial situation of small towns and large cities in Poland in 2012-2018. The study used budget indicators in the areas of revenues, operating surplus and indebtedness. The study made it possible to draw conclusions regarding the development opportunities of Polish cities.

Over the past sixty years, the U.K.'s highly centralized system of planning has experienced wartime rebuilding by a Keynesian state and all-powerful modernist architects favoring Corbusian towers and motorways, followed by neoliberal restructuring and the increasing role of finance capital in shaping the urban landscape. (Behold the vast Docklands redevelopment area and the corporate island of Canary Wharf, as well as more recent steel and glass monoliths named for their shapes—"gherkin," "shard"— jutting from London's neoclassical skyline.) The modernist experiment was imprinted on concrete public housing estates such as those found in London's boroughs, now either becoming desirable hipster icons (Kensington's Trellick Towers) or still occupied by the poor but being reconstituted in a less brutalist style (Islington's Packington Estate). As Thatcher was privatizing large swaths of Britain's public housing, a symbol of the social contract as potent as the National Health Service, the fashion for wholesale demolition of Britain's architectural heritage was met with the opposite extreme: Prince Charles and others pushed for the preservation and creation of an imagined past to create bland, theme-park- like English village townscapes, each as indistinguishable from the next as American new urbanist town squares. More recently, U.K. planning has turned towards participation and reclaiming the street network for cyclists and pedestrians, following a European trend to address livability and climate change. Education about the built environment and how to participate in shaping it is provided by a strong NGO sector (a network of "Architecture Centres" serves communities across the country) and by government (that is, until the current Conservative government axed its research and advisory body, the Commission for Architecture and the Built Environment, or CABE). Yvonne Rydin joins Patsy Healey, Neil Brenner, Erik Swyngedouw, and others in an ongoing discussion about who participates in decisions about the built environment in an era of "glocalized" governance and flows of capital.

ABSTRACT:This article explores the importance that accessing urban life assumed for British soldiers stationed in France during World War I. Many who fought on the Western Front had never visited a foreign country before sailing to France. Drawing on contemporary letters and diaries and later memoirs, it considers how men responded to the new experiences they found in French towns and cities behind the lines. Through exploring activities from shopping and dining to cinema and prostitution, it argues that urban outings became critical to sustaining morale by offering opportunities to engage with civilian life on a reasonably regular basis.