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Recent years have seen an increase in the use of visual methods of research across the social sciences. As researchers realize the potential of the visual, not only as a source but also as a means of generating data, a range of techniques has been developed which seek data that are different from those offered by more conventional qualitative research methods. The contributions to this collection start from the premise either that visual research allows a view of the social world which is not available by other means, or that its use offers a means of augmenting other methods, such as discussion and interview. Rather than providing a step-by-step guide to the use of visual methods, the various authors draw on their experience of visual research to provide critical and reflexive accounts of its use in the field, its potential for unlocking otherwise unseen places, spaces and social action and as a basis for the generation of conceptual and theoretical insight.

The demands for academic research placed on contemporary universities are closely related to the levels of innovative research they are expected to produce. Concurrently, both governments and university management strive to make the production of academic research more cost-efficient and have implemented measures to ensure this. Top-down policies influenced by the concepts of new public management and managerialism have been introduced, pushing for competitiveness and increased performativity in academic research setups. These policies and guidelines have been criticised by academics as having eroded collegiality and autonomy, which are considered necessary to achieve quality research. The focus of this study is on the social sciences and aligns with this critique, demonstrating that autonomy and collegiality are the key organisational features fostering multidisciplinary, collaborative and riskier research agendas that lead to breakthroughs. Academics with high levels of organisational commitment are more likely to create research agendas that assume more conservative, discipline-bound and risk-averse traits, with less potential to achieve the intended innovative research outcomes. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion

The article reports the findmgs of a study on the subject of role parity in international collaborative research projects. Two dimensions of role relationships in research settings—the centrality of research roles and the locus of decision making-have been examined within a theoretical framework. The data are based on the research roles of 65 U.S. university professors and their counterparts. The data are separately examined for the counterparts from the industrialized and developing nations.

This essay proposes ways to improve editorial evaluations of manuscripts and to make published research more reliable and trustworthy. It points to troublesome properties of current editorial practices and suggests that editorial evaluations could become more reliable by making more allowance for reviewers' human limitations. The essay also identifies some troublesome properties of prevalent methodology, such as statistical significance tests, HARKing, and p-Hacking, and proposes editorial policies to mitigate these detrimental behaviors.

International audience ; The organisation of free access to scientific data is one of France's public research objectives. The commitment to open research data has been confirmed by the National Action Plan 2018-2020, whose commitment is to build an open science ecosystem. On the ground, the policy of openness is accompanied by a strong incentive to implement good scientific practices compatible with certain principles defined at European level as "FAIR Guiding Principles" for the management and steering of research data. What is the ethical dimension of "FAIR" research data management? Based on a selection of recent publications, surveys, work and activities conducted around research data, our paper attempts to synthesize several aspects of the ethical dimension of research data management in the French environment, including the place of ethics in management plans, personal data, credibility and data security. ; L'organisation de l'accès libre aux données scientifiques fait partie des objectifs de la recherche publique de la France. La volonté d'ouvrir les données de la recherche a été confirmée par le plan d'action national 2018-2020 dont l'engagement 18 vise à construire un écosystème de la science ouverte. Sur le terrain, la politique d'ouverture s'accompagne d'une forte incitation à mettre en œuvre des bonnes pratiques scientifiques compatibles avec certains principes définis au niveau européens comme « FAIR Guiding Principles » de la gestion et du pilotage des données de la recherche. Quelle est la dimension éthique d'une gestion « FAIR » des données de la recherche? À partir d'une sélection de publications récentes, d'enquêtes, travaux et activités menées autour des données de la recherche, notre communication essaie de synthétiser plusieurs aspects de la dimension éthique de la gestion des données de la recherche, dans l'environnement français, dont la place de l'éthique dans les plans de gestion, les données personnelles, la crédibilité ou encore la sécurité des données.

International audience ; The organisation of free access to scientific data is one of France's public research objectives. The commitment to open research data has been confirmed by the National Action Plan 2018-2020, whose commitment is to build an open science ecosystem. On the ground, the policy of openness is accompanied by a strong incentive to implement good scientific practices compatible with certain principles defined at European level as "FAIR Guiding Principles" for the management and steering of research data. What is the ethical dimension of "FAIR" research data management? Based on a selection of recent publications, surveys, work and activities conducted around research data, our paper attempts to synthesize several aspects of the ethical dimension of research data management in the French environment, including the place of ethics in management plans, personal data, credibility and data security. ; L'organisation de l'accès libre aux données scientifiques fait partie des objectifs de la recherche publique de la France. La volonté d'ouvrir les données de la recherche a été confirmée par le plan d'action national 2018-2020 dont l'engagement 18 vise à construire un écosystème de la science ouverte. Sur le terrain, la politique d'ouverture s'accompagne d'une forte incitation à mettre en œuvre des bonnes pratiques scientifiques compatibles avec certains principes définis au niveau européens comme « FAIR Guiding Principles » de la gestion et du pilotage des données de la recherche. Quelle est la dimension éthique d'une gestion « FAIR » des données de la recherche? À partir d'une sélection de publications récentes, d'enquêtes, travaux et activités menées autour des données de la recherche, notre communication essaie de synthétiser plusieurs aspects de la dimension éthique de la gestion des données de la recherche, dans l'environnement français, dont la place de l'éthique dans les plans de gestion, les données personnelles, la crédibilité ou encore la sécurité des données.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of figures -- List of tables -- Acknowledgements -- List of abbreviations -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The problem: establishing 'excellence' in socially stratified science -- 3 State of research: controversial ideas on science and public research in a global marketplace -- 4 Explaining social change by Europeanization of science: an analytical approach -- 5 Methodology: judging scientific 'excellence' -- 6 The social structure of the European Research Area: a country comparison -- 7 Knowledge of 'European excellence': the grant-winning research -- 8 The cultural structure of the European Research Area at supranational level: the case of the European Research Council -- 9 The sampling: what is a scientific elite? -- 10 The grantees: social choice and mechanisms in elite career trajectories -- 11 The panellists: social choice and mechanisms in grant peer review -- 12 Social consequences and conclusions: cumulative advantage and the case of the European Research Council -- Appendix -- Index

An important skill for students, whether they remain in academia or move on to careers elsewhere, is to become critical consumers of research, with the ability to sort out and evaluate sometimes conflicting findings that are reported in the popular media. While traditional sociological methods texts focus on teaching how to produce research, Greenstein teaches students how to understand the research results they'll encounter. He equips students with the essentials they'll need to become intelligent and critical readers of research on families, whether in their work or in everyday life. In focusing on techniques that enable students to better interpret and comprehend scientific findings, Greenstein addresses such essential questions as: Why do research on families? What are the stages of social research? What are the ...