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"Serial no. 109-46." ; Shipping list no.: 2005-0056-P. ; Distributed to some depository libraries in microfiche. ; Includes bibliographical references. ; Mode of access: Internet.

"Serial no. 106-174." ; Shipping list no.: 2001-0148-P. ; Distributed to some depository libraries in microfiche. ; Includes bibliographical references. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Shipping list no.: 92-0624-P. ; Distributed to some depository libraries in microfiche. ; Includes bibliographical references. ; Microform. ; Mode of access: Internet.

This entry has been realised in the framework of the H2020-MSCA-RISE-2018 project "LoGov - Local Government and the Changing Urban-Rural Interplay". LoGov aims to provide solutions for local governments that address the fundamental challenges resulting from urbanisation. To address this complex issue, 18 partners from 17 countries and six continents share their expertise and knowledge in the realms of public law, political science, and public administration. LoGov identifies, evaluates, compares, and shares innovative practices that cope with the impact of changing urban-rural relations in five major local government areas: (1) local responsibilities and public services, (2) local financial arrangements, (3) structure of local government, (4) intergovernmental relations of local governments, and (5) people's participation in local decision-making. The present entry addresses intergovernmental relations of local governments in Argentina. The entry forms part of the LoGov Report on Argentina. To access the full version of the report on Argentina, other practices regarding intergovernmental relations of local governments and to receive more information about the project, please visit: https://www.logov-rise.eu/. This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 823961.

Description based on: 1960/61. ; Vol. for 1963/64 with: Organization and operation of Congress / United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Government Operations. Washington : U.S. G.P.O., 1951. ; Subtitle varies slightly. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Effect of cultural, political, and economic factors as well as lack of well-defined information policies.

Purpose and Originality: ICT usage in management processes became inseparable part of both private and public organizations' practice. E-leadership concept is quite new in public administration area. The purpose of this research was to explain main theoretical and practical presumptions for the e-leadership in the local self-government organizations in Lithuania. The value and the originality of the research are achieved by revealing theoretical elements of this concept in the local self-government (based on the Good Governance approach) and giving some evidences of e-leadership practical implications in Lithuanian municipalities. Method: The research is based on the theoretical approach of Good Governance, which explains the need of better management in public administration organizations. Scientific methods such as the content analysis of scientific literature, presenting theoretical presumptions for e-leadership in local self-government in Lithuanian researches, as well as PEST analysis (the document analysis) of Lithuanian municipalities' practice are used. Results: Theoretical insights about e-leadership in local self-government organizations in Lithuania are still missing the deeper understanding of this phenomenon; however, the practical presumptions (the legal basis, social readiness and technological instruments) were founded to be created strong and having the potential to grow. Therefore it can be stated that Lithuanian municipalities already using ICT for their daily activity are ready for the implementation of e-leadership tools, but they still need more clear vision (and guidelines) for strengthening e-leadership as an organizational practice. Society: Results of this research are important for researchers of Lithuanian public administration, especially interested in local self-government looking for new directions for future researches. Moreover, they can be used by practitioners in municipalities understanding the value of ICT usage for management and leadership processes. Limitations / further research: The research is the first phase of wider ongoing international research.

This report investigates the impacts of learning musical instruments, and other musical activities, on childhood development and wellbeing. The findings of this investigation reveal that music is a multifaceted activity. Because music is a multifaceted activity, there are a wide range of benefits for children and the community, these include: • The aesthetically enjoyable activity of music promotes creativity and emotional expression. • Music psychologically enhances self-identity, neurobiological and cognitive development. • Music does not greatly improve academic ability in other non-music subjects, but in some circumstances, music may improve student's participation at school by improving self-esteem and motivation. • Composing music improves problem solving skills, and enhances autonomy. • The therapeutic application of music assists children with learning and behavioural difficulties. • Music builds strong and engaged communities. • Music facilitates learning about cultural heritage and cultural learning.Music assists children to access 'knowledge based economies' in their later working lives. • That there are pre-requisites for the delivery of quality music programmes in primary schools. This report also assesses the Federal government's current level of education funding, and related programmes, for musical education by way of a comparison to Canada and Singapore. The findings of this assessment reveal: • The Federal government currently has no specific funding arrangements or incentives for the provision of music in Australian schools. • The provision of music in state and territory government schools is unlikely to be best practice for the benefits of music to be fully experienced by all children. The lack of data from both the public and independent school sectors also requires further investigation. • Singapore's approach to music in schools is different to that of Australia's, although further investigation is required. And that Canada's provision of music in schools is similar to Australia's.

Preface and acknowledgments / Michael A. Pagano. Overview. Introduction / Casey Sebetto. White Papers. Local government long-term liabilities : pensions, other postemployment benefits, and infrastructure / Martin J. Luby, Gary Strong, and David Saustad -- Contemporary fiscal challenges and positions of US cities / Yonghong Wu, Shu Wang, and Michael A. Pagano -- Exploring urban governments' fiscal challenges / David Merriman -- Linking resources to government services : is there a future for benefit-based financing? / Rebecca Hendrick -- Beyond political consolidation : prospects for effective local governance through self-organized collaborative networks / Jered B. Carr and Michael D. Siciliano -- When public pension reforms fail or appear to be impossible : are unbalanced budgets, deficits, and government collapse the only answer? / James E. Spiotto.

"A condensed version.was published in February 1944 under the title The power industry and the public interest." ; Mode of access: Internet.

Includes index. ; "References": p. lxiv-lxxvi. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Administrative decentralization to government agencies (so‐called 'agencification') has attracted much attention in recent years, increasingly for its longevity or evolution after the 'high' managerialism of the 1980s, and largely through a neo‐positivist epistemology. Drawing on techniques of narrative and discourse analysis, and a model of incremental ideational change, this article identifies the necessity of supplementing those existing large‐N analyses of agencification's expansion and decline with qualitative attention to the endurance of policy meaning. It demonstrates how the original foundations of managerialism, civil service empowerment and decentralization from the UK's seminal 'Next Steps' agency programme are eschewed in contemporary reform discourse, where agencification is instead advocated as centralized, politically proximate and departmentalized governance. This substantial reinterpretation of the arm's‐length concept not only challenges existing claims of continuity in UK administrative policy, but also demonstrates the utility of interpretive methods for exploring longevity in public management more widely.

Government organizations' focus on public service provides a fertile ground for conflict due to competing interests and goals. Conflicts exist and persist because of workplace pressures such as unstable political climates, budget restrictions, technological advances, a diverse workforce, disruptive change, and organizational transformation. Although typically risk-averse, these organizations need flexible and adaptive leaders who exhibit the appropriate behaviors in the best interests of the organization and the community. Servant-leaders seem likely to demonstrate conflict adaptivity due to their focus on serving the needs of followers and other stakeholders, which may require different conflict styles at different times and in different situations. This study's aim was to discover if a relationship exists between servant leadership and conflict adaptivity in government leaders. A quantitative, nonexperimental, and cross-sectional approach was used to survey leaders and their followers. Leaders completed a measure of conflict adaptivity, and their followers rated them as servant-leaders. No correlation was found between servant leadership and conflict adaptivity. Therefore, the expectation that the leader's conflict adaptivity would predict increased perceptions of servant leadership by the follower was not supported in this sample. However, replication studies are needed to determine if this result is found with larger samples in different contexts. Further research is needed to determine if organizational culture moderates the relationship between conflict adaptivity and servant leadership as governments' organizational cultures may prescribe certain approaches to both conflict and leadership, potentially masking a relationship between servant leadership and conflict adaptivity.