Suchergebnisse

Some people want India to be the new China. They probably didn't mean claims of fast growth and low unemployment clashing with a hefty amount of evidence of an underperforming economy.
The post Is It Time to Say India's GDP Is a Lie? appeared first on American Enterprise Institute - AEI.

The reaction to the Trump New York verdict has been exactly what anyone who follows US politics might have predicted. Many people, mostly Republicans, have been horrified and outraged. It's a terrible outcome for our country, they say, but will actually make Trump stronger.
The post The Trump Verdict appeared first on American Enterprise Institute - AEI.

Why have white, less-educated voters left the Democratic Party? We highlight the role of the 1994 North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). In event-study analysis, we demonstrate that counties whose 1990 employment depended on industries vulnerable to NAFTA suffered large and persistent employment losses after its implementation. Voters in these counties (and protectionist voters regardless of geography) turned away from the party of President Clinton, who promoted the agreement. This shift is larger for whites (especially men and those without a college degree) and social conservatives, suggesting that racial identity and social-issue positions mediate reactions to economic policies. (JEL D72, F15, F16, J15)

This address highlights the potential role of the social psychology of justice in the analysis of phenomena anchored in substantive areas like health, the environment, education, and racial and gender dynamics. To do so, I ask three questions: (1) Do sociologists attend to justice in their scholarly work? (2) When sociologists do attend to justice, do they conceptualize it clearly? and (3) Could the social psychology of justice scholarship further contribute to sociologists' attention to and clarity of conceptualization and understanding of social phenomena? To answer the first question, I coded references to justice in the contents of publications in three American Sociological Association journals over a five-year period. For the latter two questions, I leverage illustrations drawn from the health domain. My answers are, respectively, not so much, not really, and yes. The last response, importantly, ensures that justice is seen so that it can be done.

In the post-Civil Rights era, many predominantly white religious denominations issued statements denouncing racism and challenging their congregations to take organizational action to undo racism, but do these statements translate into actions? New institutionalism theorizes that loose coupling between statements and actions is normative for organizations as they balance signaling support to their external environment while simultaneously maintaining the good faith of internal membership, but Ray contends that because organizations are racialized, this disconnect maintains racial inequality. Building on new institutionalism, I develop the concept of symbolic allyship: symbolic actions that mark the organization as an ally, but these symbolic actions vary in the degree to which they pose organizational risk in maintaining member confidence. Using a nationally representative sample of American congregations within predominantly white denominations that have implored their congregations to act to address racism, I employ latent class analysis to test the prevalence and shape of congregational loose coupling between symbolic statements and symbolic actions. Results suggest that loose coupling between statements and actions is the norm. Further, results provide some evidence that congregations trend toward engaging in symbolic actions that have lower potential costs to the good faith of members. Because these forms of symbolic allyship signal support to the outside world, they may also mask lower levels of organizational change and reinforce racial inequality. Finally, regression analysis illustrates that the ideological mismatch between more progressive denominational statements and more conservative local political and theological cultures helps in understanding this pervasive loose coupling.

This article examines a thesis that has become a common currency in Latin American critical thought, namely that 'coloniality' is constitutive of modernity. This proposition rests on a reifying conception of modernity as a Eurocentric civilisational project which, I contend, is theoretically flawed and politically pernicious. I will trace this conceptualisation of modernity and some of the problems it involves in recent works of Arturo Escobar and Walter Mignolo. I argue that modernity is better understood as a politico‐theoretical toolkit that, while having no immanent ideological content, is vital to the analysis and critique of (neo)colonialism and imperialism.

This week, following the creation of a working group in April, Harvard University released a report that commits the institution and its leadership to never "issue official statements about public matters that do not directly affect the university's core function."
The post Harvard Takes a Step in the Right Direction appeared first on American Enterprise Institute - AEI.

A kerfuffle between movie star Scarlett Johansson and OpenAI over ChatGPT's new personal assistant voice, which the actress alleges closely resembles her own, represents a new stage in the automated versus autonomous debate.
The post Scarlett Johansson’s Spat with OpenAI Reveals Deeper Conflicts over Technology appeared first on American Enterprise Institute - AEI.

This study draws from W.E.B. Du Bois' urban sociology in The Philadelphia Negro, Darkwater, and Black Reconstruction in America to offer a conceptual foil to present-day broken windows policing. We suggest that the Chicago School's ecological model of urban life facilitated a broken windows approach to policing by labeling people and places as disordered but also that a Du Boisian approach—what we call "mended windows"—offers new ways of addressing underlying inequalities that reproduce harm. After drawing out the distinct intellectual trajectories of these two approaches, we turn to two contemporary cases of racialized police violence—Syracuse, NY, and the Antelope Valley, CA—to illustrate the theoretical and methodological significance of a Du Boisian mended windows analysis of urban policing across time and place. We conclude by considering what this approach might have foretold about contemporary movements to defund policing in favor of investing in community vitality.

What Kavanaugh ultimately concludes soon will be revealed when the Court rules in Murthy, likely late next month.
The post Justice Kavanaugh Unfiltered: What His Recent Remarks May Portend for Murthy v. Missouri appeared first on American Enterprise Institute - AEI.

The pipeline problem in academia refers to the underrepresentation of racial minorities, especially in certain fields, that becomes more obvious as one climbs the ivory tower. There has for some time been a side drumbeat about the relative lack of scholars who identify as conservative.
The post Of Pipelines and Presidents appeared first on American Enterprise Institute - AEI.

A bidding war has broken out among the tech giants for scarce and valuable generative AI talent. This scramble is part of a much bigger talent shortage that looms over the US economy in coming years as AI becomes critical business infrastructure.
The post Building a High Tech Workforce for the Future appeared first on American Enterprise Institute - AEI.

Global fertility rates are collapsing. By the UN's reckoning, global fertility will fall below global replacement level of 2.2-2.3 sometime in the 2040s or 2050s, and the 2022 revision of WPP projects the global population to peak in 2086 at 10.43 billion and decline thereafter.
The post Global Birth Rates Are Probably Lower Than You Think appeared first on American Enterprise Institute - AEI.

Even if the AI boom eventually goes bust, the flood of investment now might end up accelerating progress in key AI technologies, building lasting infrastructure such as data centers for future innovation, fueling experiments in AI applications across industries, and attracting talent to the field.
The post The Silver Lining of Market Bubbles and AI Investment appeared first on American Enterprise Institute - AEI.

ʻŌiwi birthing practices are intimate relationships between family, community, and the environment. They support the physical, spiritual, emotional, and mental health of the whole family. In the Hawaiian Kingdom, with the introduction of institutionalized birth, Queen Kapiʻolani hybridized Euro-American birth practices with ʻŌiwi ones. Over time, with the changing of political leadership and the devaluation of traditional knowledge, ʻŌiwi birth practices have become virtually unknown to many. As Native Hawaiians today disproportionately experience adverse pregnancy outcomes, the authors advocate for and outline how returning to ancestral and historical ʻŌiwi birthing practices in hospitals could improve ʻŌiwi maternal and neonatal health.