Suchergebnisse

The participation to the European Council, an issue that generated many debates in the framework of the cohabitation between the President and the Prime Minister, couldn't be decided by an agreement between the two heads of the executive, but only by the decision of the Constitutional Court no. 683/2012. For the purpose of solving the case, the Constitutional Court has raised the issue of the nature of the Romanian political regime and has decided that it is semi-presidential. This decision has been followed by another one, no. 784/2012, where the Constitutional Court reiterated the same conclusion about the nature of the political regime. The public law and political science authors analyzed in this article could not agree about this issue. The main characteristics of the semi-presidential regime have been either partially implemented or modified in the Romanian Constitution and this leads to the opinion that this is an "attenuate" or "parliamentarized" version, or that is a parliamentarian regime, or even that it will transform itself into a presidential one. The Constitutional Court has solved the case but the debate about the nature of the Romanian political regime is not over yet.

Note on pronunciation and language -- Introduction -- 1. National identity and the 'great divide' -- 2. Re-imagining the nation -- 3. The Croatian historical statehood narrative -- 4. Contemporary accounts of Croatian national identity -- 5. The nation in social practice 1: Economy, football and Istria -- 6. The nation in social practice 2: Language, education and the Catholic Church -- 7. Conclusion: Competing claims to national identity -- Bibliography -- Index.

AbstractIn 1941, thousands of Jews from the regions of Bukovina and Bessarabia were deported to ghettos and camps in Romanian-occupied Transnistria to join local Ukranian Jews and other deportees. This article is a case study of the Shargorod ghetto, one of the largest ghettos in Transnistria, that reveals how individuals interned there, and in similar ghettos, survived despite their different social, economic, and cultural backgrounds. An examination based on regions allows for a better understanding of the diverse Jewish communities in Romania and how these differences influenced the lives of local Jews and deportees during the formidable years in Shargorod. Their major successes, as well as their failures, present a picture of entangled community identity in the face of disease, starvation, and forced labor. The survival of the Jewish population of Shargorod from 1941 to 1944 is analyzed through the selection of leadership by the ghetto inhabitants (specifically, Meier Teich's role as ghetto leader), the entrepreneurial actions and aid that arose, and the format and agenda adopted by the ghetto's cultural institutions.

Abstract
There are important differences between all Eastern European countries regarding the implementation of pension system privatization. The differences regarding the political configuration between the countries from Eastern Europe might be a possible explanation for the amount of diversity in this area. The ideology of political parties that form or sustain the government that implements the reform can also be an explanation, but this influence must be studied beyond the cliché that stipulates that the right-wing parties will support the public pension system reform and the left-wing parties will oppose it. Armeanu (2010a) showed that there are countries where privatization was supported by the centre-left coalitions that needed to overpass a strong opposition made by the right-wing parties. Using the Ideal Point Estimation technique within the voting sessions related to pension reform during the last three Romanian legislatures, we will explain the formation of pro and against coalitions regarding the pension reform from Romania during the privatization process of public pension system. We also test the hypotheses of the model presented by Armeanu (2010a, 2010b), model that predicts the behaviour of political parties based on the position they have on a two-dimensional space related to the costs of pension reform.

Business ethics reflects the philosophy of business, of which one aim is to determine the fundamental purposes of a company. If a company's purpose is to maximize shareholder returns, then sacrificing profits to other concerns is a violation of its fiduciary responsibility. Ethical issues include the rights and duties between a company and its employees, suppliers, customers and neighbors, its fiduciary responsibility to its shareholders. Issues concerning relations between different companies include hostile take-overs and industrial espionage. Related issues include corporate governance; corporate social entrepreneurship; political contributions; the marketing of corporations' ethics policies. Business ethics issues are complex, due to the extensive consequences, to the many alternatives and to the conflicting results, uncertainties and the personal implications. Managers make decisions and develop actions affecting the others; if the effects are adverse, if the others are suffering, then we are dealing with an ethical issue that requires a certain level of an ethical analysis, in addition to the usual economic analysis. But what is more important above all is the recognition that every business decision or action that may affect the others. In the business Romanian environment the unethical behavior is not just an exception.

The 20th century has often been defined as the era of great changes, of interconnections, of the circulation of ideas, which constantly undergo changes under the pressure of the context, all of which inevitably marked and influenced the artistic concepts of the time. Any artistic creation is due to the impact of the antagonistic exposure that the artist makes between the creative impulse and the reality that is often foreign to art. Almost every time when we talk about art, this cannot be sustained, valued without those who consume the art. When the artist's work resonates with the image of feelings, the connection between the artwork and the art collector is inevitable, but each work is experienced by the individual in his own way. Throughout history, art collectors have been either important names of the aristocracy or people financially very powerful, they marked the history of art in one way or another, even reaching in time to acquire the skills of a specialized connoisseur. Considered the cultural center of the arts in the interwar period, Paris represented an ideal meeting point between Romanian artists and art consumers from the USA. Names such as Edward Steichen, the lawyer John Quinn, Alfred Stieglitz, Walter Pach or Peggy Guggenheim were previously attracted by the art of Brâncuși, Victor Brauner or Hedda Sterne.

THIS STUDY PROPOSES THAT CHARACTERISTICS OF THE POLITICAL SYSTEM HAVE A G REAT EFFECT ON THE AMOUNT OF INFORMATION A CITIZEN CAN REASONABLY BE EXPECTED TO HAVE ABOUT POLITICS. TAKING A PARTICULAR ITEM OF INFORMATION, THIS RESEARCH COMPARES THE INFLUENCE OF PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS WITH SYSTEM VARIABLES. THE ITEM UNDER INVESTIGATION IS AWARENESS OF REPRESENTATIVES TO THE NATIONAL LEGISLATURE.

Since early 2012, Romania has recorded an increased mobilization in the protest arena. Contentious episodes have erupted recurrently since then and most of them had notable political impact in curbing certain public policies, influencing election results and dismissing national governments. A new taste for protest actions seems to emerge in Romania since people are increasingly eager to challenge political elites on various grounds. However, the upsurge of protest mobilization in recent years came about after a relatively long period of widespread estrangement from politics and public sphere during the post-communist transition of this country. This article aims to reconstruct people's perceptions of the socio-economical and political conditions in which protest mobilizations emerged in 2012 in order to shed some light on how and why Romanians have moved from apathy to political action in the aftermath of economic crisis.