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This paper outlines the contemporary luxury sector, showing it is global, thriving and influential. It shows how creative destruction is typical in most industry sectors, including luxury, and how disruptive innovation by entrepreneurs is key to that process. It proposes that the current time is potentially disruptive for incumbent luxury brands and groups, due to five key trends that are beginning to re-frame the markets that luxury brands sell to. Sustainable luxury entrepreneurs from USA, UK, Philippines, India, Argentina, China and Hong Kong are profiled and described as pursuing "elegant disruption": a well-designed intervention in markets that both uses and affects aspirations in ways that change patterns of consumption, production or exchange, for a positive societal outcome. The paper reviews the response of mainstream luxury brands to the sustainability agenda, proposing some possible reasons why they appear to be encumbered in embracing this agenda fully. Some of the paradoxes in the notion of "sustainable luxury" are described, in order to draw implications for both the luxury industry and people interested in positive social change. The paper draws upon the authors five years of interaction with the luxury industry on sustainability issues, and is therefore written as a "first person inquiry" and draws upon principles of "appreciative inquiry" in documenting the breakthrough approaches of some sustainable luxury entrepreneurs.

The peculiarities of regulations of trading activities inUkraineand their impact on accounting for movement of goods have been researched ; Розглянуто особливості нормативно-правового регулювання торговельної діяльності в Україні та їх вплив на бухгалтерський облік руху товарів

Este documento busca identificar las rutas que siguieron algunos países para desarrollar ventajas comparativas reveladas en la exportación de productos pertenecientes a la industria farmacéutica. Se identifican, por medio del espacio del producto, los sectores que comparten capacidades similares con la industria farmacéutica y que permitirían, por tanto, apalancar el desarrollo exportador de la industria farmacéutica cuando los países contaran con ventaja comparativa revelada en su exportación. Se encuentra que los productos farmacéuticos requieren de capacidades similares a tres grupos distintos de productos: los bienes intensivos en capital y recurso humano calificado, productos de la industria química y aquellos que usan de manera intensiva materias primas y mano de obra barata. Aunque para lograr el desarrollo exportador de productos farmacéuticos los países siguieron diferentes rutas en el espacio del producto, aquellos que se posicionaron y consolidaron como exportadores intensivos, tienen en común que lo hicieron tras ubicarse como exportadores de los bienes vecinos que comparten capacidades similares. En contraste, los países que en algún momento lograron ser exportadores intensivos de productos farmacéuticos que no eran vecinos a los bienes en que inicialmente se tenía ventaja comparativa revelada no lograron que esas exportaciones fueran sostenibles en el tiempo. Se concluye que los gobiernos que busquen posicionarse como exportadores intensivos primero deben impulsar sectores cercanos que les permitan crear las capacidades necesarias para sostener la ventaja comparativa. ; This document aims to identify the routes through which countries developed revealed comparative advantages in the pharmaceutical industry. Sectors that share similar capacities with the pharmaceutical industry are identified by means of the product space, which are the sector that can allow boosting pharmaceutical export development, provided the country started with a revealed comparative advantage in the exportation of the goods from such sectors. It is found that pharmaceutical products require capacities similar to three groups of distinct products: capital and qualified-labor intensive goods, chemical industry goods, and those goods that intensively use raw materials and cheap labor. Countries followed different routes in the product space in order to achieve exportation development of pharmaceutical products. Those that placed and consolidated themselves as intensive exporters have in common that they did it after establishing themselves as exporters of neighboring goods that share similar capacities. In contrast, countries that managed to become intensive exporters of pharmaceutical products that were not neighbors to the goods in which they originally had a revealed comparative advantage, did not succeed in making those exports sustainable in time. It is concluded that governments that look to place themselves as intensive exporters first must boost growth in close sectors that allow them to create the necessary capacities to maintain the comparative advantage. ; Maestría

We provide an empirical analysis of host country determinants of Chinese outward FDI for the period 2003 to 2008, using data disaggregated by country and industry. We want to assess the relevance of market-seeking, resource-seeking and strategic asset seeking motivations suggested by the theory on FDI determinants. Our results show that only FDI in manufacturing is attracted by market seeking motivations. As expected, resource seeking is an important motivation for Chinese FDI in resource related sectors, which usually refers to countries with political fragile environments. Strategic asset seeking motivations are relevant for both manufacturing and services.

This article examines one crucial moment of contestation in colonial Suriname, the years 1941- 42, when sustained labour unrest in bauxite town Moengo led to the founding of the first mining unions. It argues that these strikes laid the groundwork for future relations between labour, company and the state and explores the kinds of socio-political alliances that were forged between labour and nationalist politicians on the one hand, and government and transnational company on the other, thereby situating this particular contestation in a larger struggle over a colonial system that aligned itself with metropolitan economic interests.Resumen: Moengo en huelga: Políticas Laborales en la Industria de la Bauxita en SurinameEn este artículo se aborda un momento crucial de la impugnación en el Suriname colonial entre los años 1941-42, cuando un persistente malestar entre los trabajadores del pueblo de la bauxita de Moengo condujo a la fundación de los primeros sindicatos mineros. Se sostiene que esas huelgas sentaron las bases de las futuras relaciones entre el trabajo, las compañías y el estado y se exploran los tipos de alianzas socio-políticas que se forjaron entre políticos laboristas y nacionalistas por un lado, y el gobierno y compañías transnacionales por el otro, situando por ello esta particular impugnación en una lucha de mayor alcance contra un sistema colonial que se identificaba a sí mismo con los intereses económicos metropolitanos.

Sensationalism and rumours cloud our ability to understand China's growing engagement in Africa, and to craft appropriate responses. This paper dissects seven common myths on China in Africa. Many of the fears about Chinese aid and engagement in Africa are misinformed. This paper unpacks seven myths: (1) 'China is a newcomer to Africa'; (2) 'China targets pariah regimes'; (3) 'China hurts the West's efforts to build democracy'; (4) 'Chinese aid is huge'; (5) 'Chinese aid is mainly used to win access to resources'; (6) 'China is sending millions of farmers to Africa, leading the land grab'; and (7) 'Chinese companies bring in all their own workers'. While China's rise in Africa is cause for some concern, efforts to gain a more realistic picture should help Africans and their other development partners to craft appropriate responses.

Es gibt seit mehreren Jahren eine angeregte Diskussion über Wohl und Übel der Globalisierung beziehungsweise der Internationalisierung von Wertschöpfungsketten. Handelspolitische Empfehlungen basieren häufig auf theoretischen Modellen, welche meist positive gesamtwirtschaftliche Wohlfahrtseffekte der Globalisierung prognostizieren. Allerdings verwenden die Standardmodelle oft relativ unrealistische Annahmen bezüglich der Mobilität der Arbeitskräfte. Mit Mobilität ist hier nicht die regionale Mobilität gemeint (welche ebenfalls nicht als perfekt angenommen werden sollte), sondern intersektorale Mobilität (Mobilität zwischen verschiedenen Wirtschaftszweigen) und intrasektorale Mobilität (Mobilität zwischen verschiedenen Berufen). Dabei geht es nicht allein um monetäre Kosten, wie sie durch Umzug oder eine Weiterbildung entstehen, sondern auch um nicht-monetäre Wohlfahrtsverluste. Nicht monetäre Wohlfahrtsverluste können zum Beispiel dadurch verursacht werden, dass eine Person nicht den von ihr erlernten Beruf ausüben kann oder sich an unattraktive Arbeitszeiten gewöhnen muss. Ziel der Arbeit soll es sein, aufzuzeigen, welche Konsequenzen sich aus der zunehmenden Internationalisierung von Wertschöpfungsketten für die gesamtwirtschaftliche Wohlfahrt, Lohnhöhe und Einkommensverteilung ergeben. Dabei spielt die Mobilität der Produktionsfaktoren eine bedeutende Rolle für die Anpassungsfähigkeit einer Volkswirtschaft. Es ist zu erwarten, dass geringe Mobilität zu kurzfristigen Wohlfahrtsverlusten für wenigstens einen Teil der Arbeitskräfte eines Hochlohnlandes führen kann. Zunächst soll diese Fragestellung anhand aktueller theoretischer Modelle beleuchtet werden. Da diese statischen Modelle relativ unrealistische Annahmen bezüglich der Mobilität des Faktors Arbeit treffen, soll auf Basis von Daten der Bundesrepublik Deutschland aus dem Zeitraum von 1975 bis 2004 die tatsächliche intersektorale Mobilität sowie die intrasektorale Mobilität des Faktors Arbeit differenziert nach dem Qualifikationsniveau der Arbeitskräfte ...