Suchergebnisse

At the turn of the 20th century, the small central Texas town ofGonzales saw an impressive population increase consisting primarilyof Anglo Americans from other parts of the United States and ofMexican Americans. The latter constituted a new ethnic community ina town of Anglo Americans and African Americans. The powerrelationship between these two communities followed the norms andpractices of a southern racial hierarchy, and at least to some extent, thearrival of the Mexican Americans questioned the power logics of thisrelationship. The author argues that the activation in the first decadesof the 20th century of a series of historical references to Texas'independence in public space was part of an Anglo American effort tomaintain its economic, social and political power by integrating thenewly arrived Anglo Americans and efficiently excluding the MexicanAmerican community.

The APSA Workshop on Political Participation was convened in Dakar, Senegal, from July 6–27 and is the first of three annual residential workshops APSA will be organizing in Africa from 2008–2010. The workshop series is generously supported by a grant from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation and is a key part of increasing APSA efforts to support the development of applied research networks linking U.S.-based scholars with colleagues overseas and supporting political science communities outside the United States. All sessions took place at the facilities of the West African Research Center (WARC), and APSA collaborated closely with WARC to manage the workshop. APSA staffer Helena Saele spent the month of July in Dakar overseeing all related administrative and logistical matters and providing direct support to workshop leaders and participants.

Objective: This longitudinal study followed 5,978 children in out-of-home care to examine whether placement and permanency outcomes differ between children with and without a history of inpatient mental health treatment. Method: Data were drawn from child welfare and Medicaid records from the state of Illinois. Logistic regression and survival analysis were applied. Results: A history of inpatient mental health treatment preceding out-of-home placement was associated with an increased risk for placement instability for White children and a decreased likelihood of achieving permanency for African American children. Conclusions: Children with an inpatient mental health treatment episode may benefit from assessment of service needs upon their entry into out-of-home care and continued follow-ups for reducing placement disruptions and facilitating timely permanence.

The disciplinary insurgency that created the academic field of social movement studies distinguished dissent from crime. This dichotomy has led the field to ignore the relation between the repression of dissent and the control of "ordinary" crime. There was massive repression in the wake of the Black riots of the 1960s that did not abate when the riots abated. The acceleration of the mass incarceration of African Americans in the United States after 1980 suggests the possibility that crime control and especially the drug war have had the consequence of repressing dissent among the poor. Social movement scholars have failed to recognize these trends as repression because of the theoretical turn that built too strong a conceptual wall between crime and dissent. Revisiting this dichotomy is essential for understanding repression today.

As the Democratic candidate for the U.S. Senate from Illinois, Barack Obama electrified the country with his keynote address at the Democratic National Convention in 2004. After having served only 2 years in his first term as a U.S. senator from Illinois, Senator Obama in 2007 announced his candidacy for president of the United States of America. He is the rising star in the Democratic Party and regularly draws huge crowds at his campaign events. He is only the third African American of a major political party to run for the office of the president. Obama is extremely charismatic and appeals to voters across racial lines and party lines. The heart of his campaign is a message of hope that transcends race and attempts to bring a divided country together.

During Hurricane Katrina, which struck the US Gulf Coast in August 2005, thousands of men, women and children were abandoned in Orleans Parish Prison (OPP), the New Orleans jail. As the floodwaters rose in the OPP buildings, prisoners were trapped for days in locked cells without food, some standing in sewage-tainted water up to their chests, while guards left their posts. Predominantly poor African-American pre-trial detainees, held on minor charges, such as failure to pay court fees, the prisoners were eventually evacuated to various receiving facilities around the state of Louisiana, only to face systematic racial abuse, assaults and further brutality. The experiences of the OPP prisoners lay bare the routine injustices that permeate a system of incarceration that is effectively run as a profitmaking concern.

W. Montague Cobb became the first African American to receive a doctorate in physical anthropology in the United States (1932). He was also among the first U.S. physical anthropologists to demonstrate a commitment to biocultural integration and racial equality in his research. Nonetheless, very few European American physical anthropologists responded to or utilized Cobb's work. This continued after bioanthropology took on a more biocultural focus in the 1980s, some 50 years after Cobb's first studies of this kind. In this essay, I highlight Cobb's research and writing from the first decades of his career to illustrate his contribution to developing biocultural perspectives in physical anthropology. As a result, I hope to move Cobb from the margins to the center of discussions about methodological and theoretical developments in bioanthropology over the past 30 years.

Not Available ; The 37th Feed The Future-India Triangular Training (FTF-ITT) on "Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA)" is being organized during 20th August - 3rd September 2019. The program is sponsored by USAID representing United States and is being implemented jointly by National Institute of Agricultural Extension Management (MANAGE), ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture (CRIDA) and Water and Land Management Training and Research Institute (WALAMTARI). The main objective of the program is to address human and institutional capacity gaps in Agriculture and allied sectors to achieve food and nutritional security, in twenty selected African (Botswana, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ghana, Kenya, Liberia, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, Sudan, Tanzania and Uganda) and Asian (Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Vietnam, Cambodia, Lao PDR, Mongolia, Myanmar, Nepal and Sri Lanka) countries. ; Not Available

This article examines the persistence of a 'rights' movement in a political environment rife with the language of personal responsibility. Through an analysis of interviews of welfare rights activists in three states, this article explores the frequency and type of both 'rights' and 'needs' discourse frameworks. Neither rights nor needs language is employed frequently in the interviews. Activists do not view the language of rights and needs as necessarily conflictual. Furthermore, race appears to play some role in discourse choices between rights and needs. African American women utilize both rights and needs rhetoric, while White women prefer needs language. The results offer evidence of the centrality of race in understanding discourse choices among those struggling to gain recognition of basic human needs and rights. [Copyright 2007 Elsevier Ltd.]

This article examines the Polaroid Corporation's "experiment" in South Africa during the 1970s, which began after African American workers pressured the company to pull its operations out of South Africa in protest of the white minority government's apartheid policies. It argues that Polaroid's initiatives, little studied until now, led other American companies to question their presence in South Africa and inspired both student divestment movements at Harvard and other colleges and universities and the efforts of Leon Sullivan, whose 1977 "Sullivan Principles" urged American companies to treat their workers in South Africa as they would treat their counterparts in the United States in an effort to battle racism and apartheid. Despite Polaroid's efforts, engagement with South Africa and apartheid proved futile, which initiated a larger movement to completely disengage from South Africa.

The multiplicity of wars and armed conflicts in Africa, coupled with diverse security threats and challenges, has refocused international policy and academic attention on the peace-securitydevelopment nexus. A particular area of concern is what role African regional economic and security organisations can play in conflict stabilisation, conflict management and winning the peace in transition societies in post-Cold War Africa. This article critically explores the nexus of peace, security and development within the framework of the resurgence of economic and security regionalisms with a particular focus on regionalist projects in Africa, including ECOWAS in West Africa, SADC in Southern Africa and IGAD in the Horn of Africa. It explores the role of viable, strong and modern states in driving and strengthening the nexus within the framework of economic and security regionalism in Africa.

Developments in Middle Eastern & North African nation's defense economics & security are examined including increases to the Iraqi Security Forces, the nature of relations between Lebanon & Syria, & the status of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. The historical evolution of Iran's defense industry & military thought is then addressed, emphasizing the mid-20th century Iranian states relations with Western countries, changes to Iranian defense & military capabilities following the Iranian revolution, technological advancements in Irans aviation & missile industries, & the growing self-sufficiency of the Iranian armed forces. After ascertaining the prospects for deterring Iran from pursuing a nuclear weapons program, the defense economics of the Middle East & North Africa is explored. Moreover, comprehensive information concerning the capabilities is provided, emphasizing the organization & deployment of each nations armed forces. Tables. J. W. Parker

The restructuring of the higher education system in South Africa forms part of the social transformation process of the South African government. The incorporation of the Bloemfontein campus of Vista University into the University of the Free State (UFS) is also part of this process. The literature reveals that strategic institutional leadership, strong governance and staff participation, together with honesty and trust, are crucial factors in ensuring successful mergers/incorporation. Incorporations have been known to fail due to a clash of institutional cultures. Communication among all parties must be open, transparent and effective, but the human factor can be regardedas the most important aspect of incorporation. This article reports on the findings of a study concerned mainly with the "people issues" within an incorporation process.

Remarks that the world has refused to intervene in Darfur, Sudan, despite government & nongovernmental organization recognition that genocide is occurring; essentially, the UN & US Secretary of State Colin Powell have gutted the Genocide Convention. The circumstances that the non-Arab Darfur populations face is described as genocide by attrition. Peace talks have netted little in way of diplomatic progress, with the military situation virtually unchanged, meaning that insecurity, which has hampered humanitarian operations, reigns; the international community has shown no will to enforce the 8 April 2004 cease-fire, providing little impetus for either side to exercise military restraint. The African Union deployment of some 3,500 troops, police, & monitors is deemed woefully inadequate for the circumstances. The future does not bode well for the region. J. Zendejas