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"How race rose and spread across the globe Traces of History presents a new approach to race and to comparative colonial studies. Bringing a historical perspective to bear on the regimes of race that colonizers have sought to impose on Aboriginal people in Australia, on Blacks and Native Americans in the United States, on Ashkenazi Jews in Western Europe, on Arab Jews in Israel/Palestine, and on people of African descent in Brazil, this book shows how race marks and reproduces the different relationships of inequality into which Europeans have coopted subaltern populations: territorial dispossession, enslavement, confinement, assimilation, and removal. Charting the different modes of domination that engender specific regimes of race and the strategies of anti-colonial resistance they entail, the book powerfully argues for cross-racial solidarities that respect these historical differences"--

Introduction: why this book? Why now? -- section 1. At the dawn of democracy. The state of black economic disempowerment at the dawn of democracy and the conundrums facing the new government ; One big 'miracle' should beget many others: election euphoria and the post-election hangover ; Exploring avenues for participation ; The three-legged stool of BEE -- section 2. BEE trends in a democratic South Africa. The rise of strange breeds of black entrepreneurs ; SOEs as BEE laboratorites ; The JSE mirage ; The threat of a Mzansi Spring: how real is it? -- section 3. So whereto from here?. Revisiting the groundbreaking work of BEECom ; One hundred black industrialists -- section 4. Prominent voices on BEE by South African business leaders -- section 5. The way forward. Born into black enterprise ; Vuka Uzenzele! Creating and fostering an entrepreneurial culture ; From BEE to BEN

This book brings together twenty think-pieces on contemporary Human Rights issues at the international, regional and national level by one of Africa's foremost scholars of International Human Rights and Constitutional Law, J. Oloka-Onyango. Ranging from the 'Arab Spring' to the Right to Education, the collection is both an in-depth analysis of discrete topics as well as a critical reflection on the state of human rights around the world today. Taking up issues such as the African reaction to the International Criminal Court (ICC), the question of truth and reconciliation before the outbreak of post-election violence in Kenya and the links between globalization and racism, the book is a tour de force of issues that are both unique as well as pertinent to human rights struggles around the world.

Few studies have looked into the governance of universities in societies affected by armed conflicts, because they are either meant for practitioners or focused on the role of universities for peace and development. Akiiki Babyesiza offers an in-depth analysis of the relationship between state, higher education, and society in a multicultural and multi-religious post-conflict setting and uses empirical data to question university governance concepts. She explores the role that civil wars played in university development and governance in Sudan with a particular focus on Southern Sudan after the peace agreement of 2005 and before its secession in 2011. Akiiki Babyesiza is a postdoctoral researcher at the Bayreuth International Graduate School of African Studies (BIGSAS) at the University of Bayreuth, funded by the Excellence Initiative, where she is responsible for developing the research area 'Higher Education and Society in Africa'.

This book is about African and Asian cities. Illustrated through selected case cities, the book brings together a rich collection of papers by leading scholars and practitioners in Africa and Asia to offer empirical analysis and up-to-date discussions and assessments of the urban challenges and solutions for their cities. A number of key topics concerning housing, sustainable urban development and climate change in Africa and Asia are explored along with how policy interventions and partnerships deliver specific forms of urban development. It is intended for all who are interested in the state of the cities and urban development in Africa and Asia. Africa and Asia present, in many ways, useful lessons in dealing with the burgeoning urban population, and the problems surrounding this influx of people and climate change in the developing word.

Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- contents -- 1 What Are Hate Crimes? -- Why Create Laws Against Hate Crimes? -- U.S. Hate Crime Law -- European Hate Crime Law -- Hate Crimes Versus Hate Speech -- Hate Crime and Genocide -- 2 Hate Crimes Gain Attention -- The FBI vs. the Klan -- Hate Crimes in American History -- The Jena Six -- 3 The Roots of Hate Crime -- The Tribal Mind -- Othering -- Social Instability -- Economic Instability -- Who Commits Hate Crimes? -- 4 Hate Crimes in the United States -- Native Americans -- African Americans -- Immigrants -- Rising Crimes Against Latinos -- Gays and Lesbians -- Women -- Religious Groups -- Disabled People -- 5 Hate Crimes Around the World -- Hate Crime in Russia -- Hate Crime in Europe -- India's Caste Conflict -- Crimes of Violence in Darfur -- 6 The Future of Hate Crime Laws -- Glossary -- For More Information -- Web Sites -- For Further Reading -- Bibliography -- Index -- About the Author -- Photo Credits

Introduction: the moral object of sex / Stacy Leigh Pigg and Vincanne Adams -- Globalizing the facts of life / Stacy Leigh Pigg -- Moral science and the management of "sexual revolution" in Russia / Michele Rivkin-Fish -- Family planning, human nature, and the ethical subject of sex in urban Greece / Heather Paxson -- From auntie to diso: the bifurcation of risk and pleasure in sex education in Uganda / Shanti A. Parikh -- Sexuality, the state, and the runaway wives of highlands Papua, Indonesia / Leslie Butt -- "Ordinary" sex, prostitutes, and middle-class wives: liberalization and national identity in India / Heather S. Dell -- Moral orgasm and productive sex: tantrism faces fertility control in Lhasa, Tibet (China) / Vincanne Adams -- Uses and pleasures: sexual modernity, HIV/AIDS, and confessional technologies in a West African metropolis / Vinh-Kim Nguyen -- The Kothi wars: AIDS, cosmopolitanism and the morality of classification / Lawrence Cohen.

Gender, civil society and women's movements in Central and Eastern Europe / Barbara Einhorn and Charlie Sever -- Women's organisations and civil society in China: making a difference / Jude Howell -- Women in movement: transformations in African political landscapes / Aili Mari Tripp -- Gender and civil society in the Middle East / Nadje S. Al-Ali -- The discourse of Dangdut: gender and civil society in Indonesia / Diane Mulligan -- Chilean feminism(s) in the 1990s: paradox of an unfinished transition / Marcela Rios-Tobar -- The impact of feminist civil society and political alliances on gender policies in Mexico / Linda S. Stevenson -- The dimensions and policy impact of feminist civil society: democratic policy-making on violence against women in the fifty US States / S. Laurel Weldon -- Who is the real civil society?: women's groups versus pro-family groups at the International Criminal Court negotiations / Marlies Glasius.

Contents -- Introduction -- Chapter 1 Language, Nationalism and Globalism: Educational Consequences of Changing Patterns of Language Use -- Chapter 2 Who We Are and Where We're Going: Language and Identities in the New Europe -- Chapter 3 The Lexicon in European Languages Today: Unification or Diversification? -- Chapter 4 Lost in Translation: EU Language Policy in an Expanded Europe -- Chapter 5 Identity in Transition: Cultural Memory, Language and Symbolic Russianness -- Chapter 6 Transformation of the State in Western Europe: Regionalism in Catalonia and Northern Italy -- Chapter 7 Fixing National Borders: Language and Loyalty in Nice -- Chapter 8 The French Language, Universalism and Post-colonial Identity -- Chapter 9 'It's a Culture Thing': Children, Language and 'Boundary' in the Bicultural Family -- Chapter 10 Language Use and Identity Among African-Caribbean Young People in Sheffield -- Chapter 11 Punjabi/Urdu in Sheffield: Language Maintenance and Loss and Development of a Mixed Code

Among the five biggest exporters of crude oil in the world and with one-fifth of the earth's natural gas reserves, Nigeria is Africa's richest and most populous country. It is the European Union's second biggest trading partner in Africa and United States investments there are the largest on the continent. One in every five Africans is Nigerian, yet the country has been ruled mostly by soldiers since independence from Britain in 1960. Two previous attempts at democratic rule failed because of corruption and ineptitude. For all these reasons, Nigeria's third attempt at establishing a viable democracy in 1993 was keenly watched by the international community. When it failed, it led to the country's worst political crisis since the civil war ended in 1970. For that extraordinary year, the author of this reportage was the BBC correspondent covering Nigeria. (DÜI-Phl)

AbstractThrough a Critical Race Theory perspective, we investigated how racial ideology, in particular colorblind ideology, was present in Black forgiveness narratives for racial violence. We collected United States news articles from two high profile cases of Black forgiveness (N = 122), the shooting at the Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church and the killing of Botham Jean. We used a thematic analysis to address an overarching research question of: In what ways are these Black forgiveness narratives reflective of racial ideologies that may pressure or misrepresent Black forgiveness? Our results suggested that colorblind ideologies were present in representations of Black forgiveness. Colorblind representations of Black forgiveness ignored and diminished the racial context of the cases, reinforced false equivalencies through Christian messaging, perpetuated Black forgiveness as a palatable path to peace, and maintained a perception of White virtue and morality despite racial violence.

AbstractNigeria is a motley of about 250 ethnic nationalities spread across 36 states and the Federal Capital Territory. This omnibus political union rests on a twin tripod provided by the three major religions namely African Traditional Religion, Islam and Christianity as well as three major ethnic groups: Igbo; Hausa; and Yoruba, though these are not coterminous with the three religions. This study explores the intricate tapestries among religion, ethnicity and politics and its implication for nationhood in Nigeria. The study argues that this interface has created two laws and two nations in Nigeria between whom there is hardly any intercourse. It found entrenched, systematic segregation along ethno‐religious fault lines, and concludes that it is this deliberate exclusion of peoples from the plums of office that has engendered the recurring ethno‐religious upheavals and separatist agitations.

AbstractScholars, policymakers, and citizens alike remain invested in the impact of infectious diseases worldwide. Studies have found that emerging diseases and disease outbreaks burden global economies and public health goals. This article explores the potential link between measles outbreaks and various forms of civil unrest, such as demonstrations, riots, strikes, and other anti-government violence, in four central African countries from 1996 to 2005. Using a difference-in-differences model, we examine whether disease outbreaks have a discernible impact on the prevalence of civil unrest. While our findings indicate that the relationship between disease and civil unrest is not as strong as previously suggested, we identify a notable trend that warrants further investigation. These results have significant implications for health and policy officials in understanding the complex interplay between state fragility, civil unrest, and the spread of disease.

Many pre-college programs have been created to try to increase the number of Black professionals in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields. However, few studies have enabled former Black/African American male program participants to share personal narratives on the long-term benefits and burdens from such STEM interventions. We use a critical collaborative auto-ethnographic approach to highlight our journeys from being STEM summer program participants to becoming college professors in engineering and mathematics. We provide in-depth details about our past participation in Wright State University's former Science, Technology, and Engineering Preparatory Program (Wright STEPP). We discuss people inside and outside of the program who provided us with the community cultural wealth that propelled us into academic STEM roles: family, K-12 teachers, college faculty and staff, and classmates.

Tony Weis's book provides a systematic analysis of the dynamics, problems, and inequities of the global food economy. Starting with the current situation regarding hunger and poverty, the author states that despite the fact that food production is more than needed to provide every person on earth with a nutrition diet, hunger still persists. The percentage of world population with food shortages has declined but absolute numbers have grown. Similar is the case with poverty. According to the World Bank estimates, 2.8 billion people are living on less than US$2 a day and 1.2 billion are living in extreme poverty (less than US$1). And a special feature of the hunger and poverty is that these problems are acute in developing countries, especially South Asian and sub- Saharan African countries.