Suchergebnisse

Terengganu is known as one of the center of religious traditional educations since many decades. The emergence of several traditional religious schools known as pondok has had a great impact on Muslim community in the area. The school used traditional mode of teaching methods and commonly handled in a study circle or halaqah guided by kitab kuning or old book as text books. Up to the present day, though some pondok schools are gradually replaced by modern schools receiving financial supports from the government, the traditional mode of teaching in the pondok are still popular including in some mosques of the state. This paper discusses the forms of teaching methods of religious education in the mosques and the pondok, besides looking at some roles of religious education to the Malay community. Data for the study were collected through unstructured interviews with key informants, coupled with participant observations conducted in selected mosques and pondok, besides published materials from secondary sources. All the data were analyzed using thematic approach. The study shows that there are various forms of classes and teaching methods conducted in the mosques and pondok schools whilst students attending the religious classes divided into two categories, the young and the older person. With the continuing efforts by the government particularly in providing the infrastructures and financial supports, it is hoped that religious education may again showing its attraction to the surrounding Malay community. DOI:10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n3s2p189

The article analyzes the current crisis in relations between Russia and the European Union (EU) which is part of a more global crisis in the relations between Russia and the Western community that can be analyzed in terms of the Russian-Western "cool war" concept. Firstly, the main trends in relations between Russia and the EU since the early 1990s are analyzed within three main dimensions of their interactions (economic interdependence; political values and institutions; foreign policy dimension) in the context of relations between Russia and the Western community. The article then examines how the current crisis and its key factors (relations between Russia and the EU in their common neighborhood; mutual sanctions regimes established by Moscow and Brussels against each other; transformation of the relations between Russia, the EU and its member states as a result of the crisis) are analyzed and discussed by the Western and Russian academic and expert communities. Specific attention is paid to the issues and problems that are prioritized by Russian and Western scholars, how they have been studied, how the scholars and experts reveal the causes and consequences of the relevant aspects of the current crisis in the EU-Russia relations in the context of a more global confrontational stagnation in the relations between Russia and the Western community. Conclusions are made regarding prospects for any changes in the current crisis of EU-Russia relations, and the factors that could stimulate or limit these changes are outlined.

This article analyzes the state policy of Ukraine on regulation of social and religious relations. Determined that the church-state relationship is institutional relationships that are primarily social and political in nature. They have their context every historical day. The history of relations between the state and the Church reaches of the Roman Empire. Separation of church and state began in the Middle Ages and in the Renaissance with the development of civil societies started entry processes of secularization and secular features of social life. The theocracy; tsezaropapizm; state church; intermediate state of separation of church and state; policy of nationalization of religion and the Church are determined among the newest models of the relationship of church and state. Grounded four main types (concepts) of public policy for the regulation of relations between church and state: politics nationalization of religion and the Church; leftist-anarchist views and actions; policy of conciliation in religious matters; policy of tolerance. It is noted that the definition of a national model for each country is the individual case, which is affected by many factors external and internal influences, namely: legal principles, the views of secular and ecclesiastical authority, tradition, spiritual and moral state of society and so on. ; Стаття присвячена аналізу державної політики України щодо регулювання суспільно-релігійних відносин. Визначається, що державно-церковні відносини є між інституціональними відносинами, які переважно носять соціально-політичний характер та в кожну історичну добу мають свій контекст. Історія взаємин між державою і Церквою сягає доби Римської імперії. Відокремлення держави і церкви розпочалося в добу середньовіччя, а в епоху Відродження із становленням громадянських суспільств розпочалися процеси секуляризації і набуття світських рис суспільного життя. Серед новітніх моделей взаємин держави і церкви визначають теократію; цезаропапізм; державна Церква; проміжний стан відокремлення Церкви і держави. політика одержавлення релігії й Церкви. Обґрунтовуються чотири основні види (концепції) державної політики щодо регулювання взаємин держави і Церкви: політика одержавлення релігії й Церкви; лівацько-анархічні погляди та дії; політика примиренства в релігійному питанні; політика толерантності.Зазначено, що визначення національної моделі для кожної окремої країни є індивідуальною справою, на яку впливає чимало чинників зовнішнього та внутрішнього впливу, а саме: правові устої, погляди світської та церковної влади, традиції, духовний та моральний стан суспільства тощо. ; Стаття присвячена аналізу державної політики України щодо регулювання суспільно-релігійних відносин. Визначається, що державно-церковні відносини є між інституціональними відносинами, які переважно носять соціально-політичний характер та в кожну історичну добу мають свій контекст. Історія взаємин між державою і Церквою сягає доби Римської імперії. Відокремлення держави і церкви розпочалося в добу середньовіччя, а в епоху Відродження із становленням громадянських суспільств розпочалися процеси секуляризації і набуття світських рис суспільного життя. Серед новітніх моделей взаємин держави і церкви визначають теократію; цезаропапізм; державна Церква; проміжний стан відокремлення Церкви і держави. політика одержавлення релігії й Церкви. Обґрунтовуються чотири основні види (концепції) державної політики щодо регулювання взаємин держави і Церкви: політика одержавлення релігії й Церкви; лівацько-анархічні погляди та дії; політика примиренства в релігійному питанні; політика толерантності.Зазначено, що визначення національної моделі для кожної окремої країни є індивідуальною справою, на яку впливає чимало чинників зовнішнього та внутрішнього впливу, а саме: правові устої, погляди світської та церковної влади, традиції, духовний та моральний стан суспільства тощо.

"By bringing together diverse case studies from Europe, Africa, and Asia, much can be learnt from different contexts where Muslim-state relations vary greatly according to: new, established, marginalized, or conflict-ridden communities; communities being constructively redefined or excluded; and between states that govern Muslim minority groups consistently according to the rule of law and states that are unable to govern effectively or persist in their toleration of cynical policies and public discourses, security-centric decision making or arbitrary legal ploys. The aim is to learn more about what drives government policy on Muslim minority communities, Muslim community policies and responses in turn, and where common ground lies in building religious tolerance, greater community cohesion and enhancing Muslim community-state relations. "--

The potential role that a religious background plays in determining adult levels of community participation in Canada has, to date, received limited research attention. The present study examines this relationship by testing whether involvement in a religious organization as a youth positively predicts four measures of adult community participation: informal volunteering, formal volunteering, participation in voluntary organizations, and community association membership. Drawing on data from the 2000 National Survey of Giving, Volunteering, and Participating (NSGVP), the findings show that involvement in a religious organization as a youth positively predicts all four adult community participation measures. The analysis also shows that, unlike other youth activities, the number of Canadian youths involved in religious organizations has declined in recent decades. The implications of this decline, combined with the evidence that religious involvement as a youth appears to be a good predictor of adult community participation, are discussed.

The article deals with the complex and controversial problems of the new regional communities' formation and the impact of the interethnic relations sphere on them. The author notes that the processes of interaction between representatives of different cultures and civilizations, ethnic groups and religions have become increasingly controversial and tense in the context of continuous social dynamics. Similarly to the Russian society as a whole, regional communities are in a state of transitivity. They get transformed, they acquire new qualities such as multicasting and heterogeneity, multi-ethnicity and multi-confessionalism, fragmentarity and multiculturality.

This fact increases the risks and uncertainties, problematizes future prospects. National non-governmental organizations are increasingly positioning themselves as civil society institutions at the present stage of social development at the regional level. They perform a difficult dual task: on the one hand, they ensure the preservation and development of history, native language, culture, ethnic traditions, and on the other hand, they work on the integration, on the common identity and the Russian nation formation.

On the territory of the Volgograd region, largely due to the active cooperation of regional authorities and local authorities with national public associations, international and inter-confessional relations are stable. The basis of such activity is respect for history, native language, culture, tradition, religion, national dignity of all people in the region, regardless of their belonging to a certain ethnic group or religion. Over two decades of accumulated considerable experience of joint inter-ethnic dialogue and cooperation, provided tolerance and peace, harmony and mutual understanding between people of different ethnicities and religions in the country.

This volume was originally prepared for the World Conference on Church, Community and State held in Oxford in 1937. Its aim was to understand the nature of the vital conflict between the Christian faith and the secular tendencies of the early twentieth century, particularly in relation to education.