Suchergebnisse

Historian Richard Hofstadter's observations about American cold-war politics are used to contextualize Thomas Kuhn's The Structure of Scientific Revolutions and argue that substantive claims about the nature of scientific knowledge and scientific change found in Structure were adopted from this cold-war political culture. Las observaciones del historiador Richard Hofstadter sobre la política americana en la Guerra Fría se utilizan para contextualizar La estructura de las revoluciones científicas de Thomas Kuhn y sostener que algunas afirmaciones fundamentales sobre la naturaleza del conocimiento científico y el cambio científico que se pueden hallar en La estructura fueron adoptadas de esta cultura política de la Guerra Fría.

Within the past few years military coups have ended civil rule in ten African nations. These events, and similar earlier upheavals in the Sudan and East Africa, indicate the intense strain which their politics are enduring. Should social scientists remain mute while this process continues throughout the continent? Are there no general principles of political science and comparative political history which can be utilised to assist the new states to adjust, to control their social environments, and to avoid the abyss of authoritarianism? A potential alliance of military and bureaucratic élites in guiding the political destiny of much of Africa must now be viewed as probable.

Constitutional resistance is addressed in a discussion of Daniel Patrick Moynihan's article What do you do when the US Supreme Court is wrong? (1979). In addition to Moynihan's responses to debate, litigate, legislate, or nominate sympathetic judges, the author's research indicates implementation of the currently out of favor duty of ordinary citizens to constitutional resistance through the peaceable & provisional withholding of voluntary compliance in an effort to test Court's action in a wider political arena. Citing Lincoln's refusal to make the Dred Scott decision into a ruling, & the application of departmentalism as applied to states, the author concludes that restoration of a proper balance to the judicial function requires a revival of the spirit of resistance. References. J. Harwell

Introduction : towards a global history of sexual science : movements, networks, and deployments / Veronika Fuechtner, Douglas E. Haynes, and Ryan Jones -- Global modernity and sexual science : the case of male homosexuality and female prostitution, 1880-1950 / Pablo Ben -- "Let us leave the hospital; let us go on a journey around the world" : British and German sexual science and the global search for sexual variation / Kate Fisher and Jana Funke -- Westermarck's Morocco : sexology & the epistemic politics of cultural anthropology / Ralph Leck -- Monogamy's nature : global sexual science and the secularization of Christian marriage / Angie Willey -- The "Hottentot Apron" in the history of sexual science / Rebecca Hodes -- Sexology in the Southwest : law, medicine and sexuality in Germany and its colonies / Robert Deam Tobin -- Explaining R.D. Karve's philosophy of sexual science : women's reform, anti-Brahminism and debates over male sexuality in western India, 1925-1940 / Shrikant Botre and Douglas E. Haynes -- The "Ellis Effect" : translating sexual science in Republican China, 1911-1949 / Rachel Hui-Chi Hsu -- Takahashi Tetsu and popular sexology in early postwar Japan, 1945-1970 / Mark McLelland -- Mexican sexology and male homosexuality : genealogies and global contexts, 1860-1957 / Ryan Jones -- The science of sexual difference : Ogura Seizaburō, Hiratsuka Raichō, and the intersection of sexology and feminism in early twentieth-century Japan / Michiko Suzuki -- Time for sex : the education of desire and the conduct of childhood in global/Hindu sexology / Ishita Pande -- Latin eugenics and sexual knowledge in Italy, Spain and Argentina : international networks across the Atlantic / Chiara Beccalossi -- "Forms so attentuated that they merge into normality itself" : Alexander Lipschutz, Gregorio Marañón, and theories of intersexuality in Chile, c.1930 / Kurt MacMillan -- "Tyranny of orgasm" : global governance of sexuality from Bombay, 1930s-1950s / Sanjam Ahluwalia -- Magnus Hirschfeld's Onnagata / Rainer Herrn -- Agnes Smedley between Berlin, Bombay and Beijing : sexology, Communism and national independence / Veronika Fuechtner -- The limits of transnationalism : the case of Max Marcuse / Kristen Leng -- Afterword / Howard Chiang

This volume examines the relationship between history, philosophy, and social science, and contributors explore questions concerning realism, ontology, causation, explanation, and values in order to address the question "what does a post-positivist social science look like?

Originally published in 1939, this book was intended as a guide to political theory intelligible to the common reader, with quotations from the original sources sufficiently extensive to enable them to sample for themselves the 'taste' and 'colour' of these writings. This history of theory has been placed against brief descriptions, as background, of the civilization of the times, as the reader passes down the avenues of thought from age to age. It is a history of political thought set against the background of the history of civilization, but that thought is also displayed in the setting of the characteristics and biographies of the thinkers, whose minds we search and whom we seek to know familiarly, however long ago gone to dust.

Measuring the causal impact of state behavior on outcomes is one of the biggest methodological challenges in the field of political science, for two reasons: behavior is generally endogenous, and the threat of unobserved variables that confound the relationship between behavior and outcomes is pervasive. Matching methods, widely considered to be the state of the art in causal inference in political science, are generally ill-suited to inference in the presence of unobserved confounders. Heckman-style multiple-equation models offer a solution to this problem; however, they rely on functional-form assumptions that can produce substantial bias in estimates of average treatment effects. We describe a category of models, flexible joint likelihood models, that account for both features of the data while avoiding reliance on rigid functional-form assumptions. We then assess these models' performance in a series of neutral simulations, in which they produce substantial (55% to ${>}$90%) reduction in bias relative to competing models. Finally, we demonstrate their utility in a reanalysis of Simmons' (2000) classic study of the impact of Article VIII commitment on compliance with the IMF's currency-restriction regime.

"Excerpt from the Congressional Record for Saturday, January 8, 1927." ; At head of title: Congressional Record, 69th Congress, 2d session. ; Mode of access: Internet.