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This collection of essays provides a comprehensive account of the culture of modern Italy. Contributions focus on a wide range of political, historical and cultural questions. The volume provides information and analysis on such topics as regionalism, the growth of a national language, social and political cultures, the role of intellectuals, the Church, the left, feminism, the separatist movements, organised crime, literature, art, design, fashion, the mass media, and music. While offering a thorough history of Italian cultural movements, political trends and literary texts over the last century and a half, the volume also examines the cultural and political situation in Italy today and suggests possible future directions in which the country might move. Each essay contains suggestions for further reading on the topics covered. The Cambridge Companion to Modern Italian Culture is an invaluable source of materials for courses on all aspects of modern Italy.

In this first social and cultural history of Japan's construction of Manchuria, Louise Young offers an incisive examination of the nature of Japanese imperialism. Focusing on the domestic impact of Japan's activities in Northeast China between 1931 and 1945, Young considers "metropolitan effects" of empire building: how people at home imagined and experienced the empire they called Manchukuo. Contrary to the conventional assumption that a few army officers and bureaucrats were responsible for Japan's overseas expansion, Young finds that a variety of organizations helped to mobilize popular support for Manchukuo--the mass media, the academy, chambers of commerce, women's organizations, youth groups, and agricultural cooperatives--leading to broad-based support among diverse groups of Japanese. As the empire was being built in China, Young shows, an imagined Manchukuo was emerging at home, constructed of visions of a defensive lifeline, a developing economy, and a settler's paradise.

Some periods in history are marked by stability in cultural values; at other times, values undergo rapid change. How and why do cultural transformations, such as those affecting race and gender relations, take place? How does one value win acceptance in society when there are conflicting values competing for attention? In Culture Moves, Thomas Rochon addresses this complex process and develops a theory to explain both how values originate and how they spread. In particular, he analyzes the crucial role that small communities of critical thinkers play in developing new ideas and inspiring their dissemination through larger social movements. Rochon develops this theory by drawing from such sources as survey research, content analysis of the mass media, and historical accounts. He focuses mainly on contemporary issues in the United States, such as feminism, civil rights, and environmentalism, but also discusses cases ranging from the French Revolution to the abolition of slavery

International audience Context The strategy of publicly reporting quality indicators is being widely promoted through public policies as a way to make health care delivery more efficient. Objective To assess general practitioners' (GPs) use of the comparative hospital quality indicators made available by public services and the media, as well as GPs' perceptions of their qualities and usefulness. Method A telephone survey of a random sample representing all self-employed GPs in private practice in France. Results A large majority (84.1%–88.5%) of respondents (n = 503; response rate of 56%) reported that they never used public comparative indicators, available in the mass media or on government and non-government Internet sites, to influence their patients' hospital choices. The vast majority of GPs rely mostly on traditional sources of information when choosing a hospital. At the same time, this study highlights favourable opinions shared by a large proportion of GPs regarding several aspects of hospital quality indicators, such as their good qualities and usefulness for other purposes. In sum, the results show that GPs make very limited use of hospital quality indicators based on a consumer choice paradigm but, at the same time, see them as useful in ways corresponding more to the usual professional paradigms , including as a means to improve quality of care.

Though young adult coresidence (in which individuals aged 18–35 reside within the family home) is stigmatized in mass media, research has not explored how such depictions relate to understandings of development. We used qualitative content analysis to explore how contemporary Canadian and American films depicted coresiding young adults and their similarly aged, residentially independent siblings with respect to various markers of adulthood. We found that coresiding characters were largely portrayed as developmentally immature both socially (e.g., full-time work) and characterologically (e.g., relational competence). In contrast, residentially independent siblings were overwhelmingly cast as developmentally on time. We argue that these depictions and contrasts reinforce a stigmatized coresider trope, framing the traits and actions of coresiders in terms of atypical development and attributing this living arrangement to individual faults. Implications for social attitudes and the wellbeing of emerging adults are discussed.

The stimulus for writing the paper was an invitation to participate in the academic conference "St. John Paul II's natural law legacy and international human rights: toward a century of persuasion", organized by Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University and Ave Maria International School of Law. I offered to share the Latvian experience of the last twenty-five years in the field of the defence of family values, taking into account cooperation between different religious communities in Latvia.
The study is based on selected international and Latvian law documents, as well as documents dealing with the issues raised and published in Latvian mass media. In the cited joint letters of religious leaders and my articles from 2002, an analysis is cited regarding the facts and materials in the field of defence of conceived life and family values. The article provides insights into the main topics discussed in Latvian society over the last two decades.

CEL NAUKOWY: Za główny cel badawczy artykułu pt. Czwarta władza wobec trójdzielności władz – próba enumeracji przyjęto ustalenie zasadności pozycjonowania czwartej władzy w linearnym układzie numerycznym.
PROBLEM BADAWCZY: Z przeprowadzonej analizy wynika, że czwarta władza jest władzą prepierwszą, zajmując miejsce jeszcze przed monteskiuszowskim trójpodziałem władz.
PROCES WYWODU: W pierwszej kolejności zwrócono uwagę na desygnat pojęcia władzy politycznej – "kwalifikację operacyjną", następnie zdefiniowano pojęcie czwartej władzy, w trzeciej kolejności wyjaśniono istotę znaczenia władz warunkowaną trójdzielnością, kolejno omówiona została czwarta władza w linearnym układzie numerycznym.
WYNIKI ANALIZY NAUKOWEJ: Reasumując, stwierdza się zważywszy na praktykę polityczną, że czwarta władza jest de facto prepierwszą władzą plasującą się na osi linearnego układu trójpodziału władz.
WNIOSKI, INNOWACJE, REKOMENDACJE: Omawiane zagadnienie, choć dyskusyjne, jest ważne poznawczo, wnioski płynące z przeprowadzonego wywodu powinny znaleźć się w szczególnym zainteresowaniu decydentów politycznych (czytaj: władzy), jak też dziennikarzy odpowiedzialnych za mass media.

The goal of today's information operations is to overthrow reality, i.e. to establish an imposed perception and understanding that lead to the same thinking, which will ultimately cause the desired action. Therefore, the mass media no longer transmit only interpretations of past events or model a narrative, but also teach the target audience how to think correctly, thus producing a behavioral outcome of a political and social character. Consequently with the political-security evolution, communication has become a means of a new hybrid war where the goal is cognitive superiority as the ultimate tool of subjugation and rule. This paper deals with the theory and research of the term information operations and cognitive superiority in Bosnia and Herzegovina through a sociological field survey of residents with the aim of inductively determining the level of knowledge and awareness of the public about them.

Las series de televisión constituyen interesantes objetos de estudio para observar la representación que se realiza sobre los diferentes sujetos sociales. En esta línea, es de interés conocer cómo las narrativas seriales representan a un movimiento tradicionalmente denostado por los mass media: el feminismo. Bajo esta premisa, este artículo analiza tres series de ficción anunciadas como feministas en la plataforma de consumo bajo demanda Amazon Prime. El universo de estudio se ha compuesto de las series emitidas en la plataforma durante el primer trimestre de 2020, siendo un total de tres series: Good Girls Revolt, Little Fires Everywhere y Dietland. Para el estudio se ha desarrollado una metodología que recoge conceptos de la narrativa audiovisual y del feminismo. Los resultados han evidenciado la preminencia de los valores feministas liberales, con un énfasis en la realización individual y la liberación sexual.

AbstractAfter a series of COVID‐19 outbreaks among employees in the German meat‐processing industry, the Work Safety Control Act protecting these workers made it on the government's agenda in July 2020. From a Multiple Streams perspective, local corona hotspots may be understood as policy windows for introducing respective measures. However, this alone is not sufficient to explain agenda setting. This study investigates the coupling of streams within policy windows. Introducing the notion of relational coupling to the MSF research agenda, discourse network analysis provides a new methodology to reveal entrepreneurial activities. Studying the German mass media discourse on the issue identifies two stages: (1) An initial problem brokerage without coupling of core policies, followed by (2) a coupling across all streams based on a focusing event. We argue that relational coupling allows for an enhanced understanding of agenda setting.

Defections within the ruling elite often endanger authoritarian rule, emboldening opposition groups and paving the way for regime breakdown. Yet, the consequences of elite defections are better understood than their causes. Why do some authoritarian regimes experience more defections to the opposition than others? This paper develops a theory of the origins of elite defection and tests it using a novel dataset based on the political careers of 15,013 legislative deputies and ministers in 12 electoral autocracies. The theory predicts that regime elites defect when there are greater opportunities to capitalize on the discontent of other regime elites and voters. Regimes with weak party mechanisms that are also supported by many factions experience more defections. Finally, defections increase during economic downturns and when the government's control of mass media declines, which helps potential defectors coordinate with anti-regime voters.

This study examines the role that stand-up comedy has played in empowering popular culture, influencing political culture, and limiting the impact of censorship of artistic creativity in Guinea. It explores ways in which public humor, as a distinctive genre of expression, mitigates the effects of Guinea's low literacy rate while optimizing the informational, educational, and recreational potency of orature. It does this through a topical analysis of the works of three comedians who evolved outside the mainstream mass media and developed steady grassroots platforms and loyal audiences while exposing social injustice and moral flaws within their society. The study concludes that, paradoxically, the fact that the state denied them the status of bona fide artists enabled these comedians to remain free from political co-optation, scrutinize societal taboos, and expose the truth in ways that recognized artists could not under the prevailing political circumstances.

After a series of COVID-19 outbreaks among employees in the German meat-processing industry, the Work Safety Control Act protecting these workers made it on the government's agenda in July 2020. From a Multiple Streams perspective, local corona hotspots may be understood as policy windows for introducing respective measures. However, this alone is not sufficient to explain agenda setting. This study investigates the coupling of streams within policy windows. Introducing the notion of relational coupling to the MSF research agenda, discourse network analysis provides a new methodology to reveal entrepre-neurial activities. Studying the German mass media discourse on the issue identifies two stages: (1) An initial problem broker-age without coupling of core policies, followed by (2) a coupling across all streams based on a focusing event. We argue that relational coupling allows for an enhanced understanding of agenda setting.

The idea of a public sphere has long been central to discussion of political communication. Its present condition is the topic of this essay. Debate about the public sphere has been shaped by the boundary-policing of competing political systems and ideologies. Current discussion reflects the accelerating transition from the mass media era to the ramifying entrenchment of the Internet age. It has also been influenced by the vogue for analysing populism. The present transitional phase, whose outcome remains unclear, is best described as an unstable "post-public sphere". This instability is not unusual as, over time, conceptions of the public sphere's underpinnings and scope have continually shifted. Latterly, states' responses to the development of the Internet have given rise to a new shift of focus, a "regulatory turn". This is likely to influence the future shape of the public sphere.

The press is one of the institutions in society that bridges information between the public and the government through the mass media. In the life of a democratic community, nation, and state, freedom to express thoughts and opinions according to one's conscience and the right to obtain information must be guaranteed because these are the most basic human rights. In reality, the implementation of press freedom in the Reformation Era still faces many obstacles. Considering the political direction previously during the New Order era, which tended to be personal, very strong, and authoritative, in the following period, there were major changes for the press in Indonesia, including in Banjarmasin. This study explores how is the role of PWI in unifying forum for journalists nationall and creating a major contribution to maintaining the pillars of democracy in the realization of the post-1998 press in Banjarmasin City.Keywords: Press, Banjarmasin City, Post-1998