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Explores war's impact on women based on independent first-hand observations & research facilitated by the UN. The aim is to emphasize strategies that might result in fresh ideas about effective interventions or new modes of regarding war zones. War conditions in East Timor, the Balkans, Colombia, Palestine, & several African nations were observed by small UN delegations. Despite differing contexts of the conflicts & cultural particulars, five common features were found that contribute to a downward spiral for all war victims, but especially for women: (1) displacement; (2) psychosocial health & HIV/AIDS; (3) economic impoverishment; (4) the destruction of education; & (5) sexual violence. Each factor is examined, & the challenges for the international community & human rights activists are iterated. 4 References. K. Coddon

The concept of stability in administration is viewed from diverse angles. The authors assert that for numerous years stability was seen as the key to high performance. Soon, however, times changed, & a new trend of ingenuity & innovation took the place of stability & consistency. Diverse arguments regarding the old trend of stability & the new trend of change & alternative thinking are examined in the article. Within the arena of public administrative performance, the field of public education is pinpointed in the study done by O'Toole & Meier. Relevant literature is reviewed in the work, & core concepts are identified. After examining numerous facets of administrative stability, the researchers focus their attention on constancy in personnel. 3 Tables, 4 Figures, 40 References. A. Simms-Clark

Formal civic education has dominated political socialization research recently as it has looked at the effects of events, schools, mass media, & families on the formation of political attitudes & opinions of children. However, books have been overlooked when considering the possible effect of mass media, & although controversial, children's literature has rarely been investigated systematically as to its political content. After conducting content analyses of 76 books & 1,202 adult characters, I conclude that British adult characters are portrayed as more competent & benevolent than US adult characters. I also find that British public servants are portrayed as more competent & benevolent than other British adult characters. 3 Tables, 1 Appendix, 52 References. Adapted from the source document.

Once again in 2002 Australian taxpayers are being called on to provide relief to drought-affected farmers. Under the National Drought Policy which has been in place since 1992, support is provided by the Commonwealth Government predominantly in two forms: interest rate subsidies to assist farm businesses and a special welfare payment, the Exceptional Circumstances Relief Payment. Support is available under these programs only to farmers in geographically defined areas which have been declared to be experiencing 'exceptional circumstances'. This paper describes a number of problems with this approach and suggests an alternative form of drought relief based on the Higher Education Contribution Scheme, which is more equitable between farmers, less regressive in its impact on tax payers, and less open to politicisation.

Report of the Texas State Auditor's Office related to determining whether the Texas Treasury Safekeeping Trust Company (Trust Company), the Texas Guaranteed Tuition Plan (Plan), and the Texas Local Government Investment Pool (TexPool) have implemented recommendations made in 2001; for the Plan only, the report also determines whether the Texas Prepaid Higher Education Board (Board) has adopted actuarial assumptions that are consistent with other states' programs and reasonable when compared with other programs dealing with long-term liabilities, whether the Plan manages its assets to provide benefits to participants while minimizing future liabilities to the State, and whether the Plan disburses tuition payments to universities and makes refunds to contract purchasers in an accurate and timely manner.

This Executive Summary begins by providing an overview of the goals of the South Carolina First Steps to School Readiness initiative, the goals of this evaluation report, and an overview of the characteristics of the young children and families in the state to whom the initiative is addressed. It then provides a summary of key accomplishments, challenges faced, and recommendations in each area reviewed in the full report: Establishment of administrative structures and collaborative processes called for in the legislation; Overview of fiscal information for First Steps, with a focus on the 2001-02 fiscal year; Programs developed by First Steps in the areas of early education, child care, parenting and family strengthening, health and other categories; Recommendations for First Steps' further steps.

Analyzing the transformation of Victor Klemperer's perception of Italy during his residence in Naples as a lecturer between Jan 1914 & Apr 1915, the collective mentality of Imperial German society can paradigmatically be made visible. Klemperer's constructions both of his self-image & the image of "the other" show that a progressive scientific method, civic culture, an academic education, a humanistic approach, affiliation to a liberal orientated social group, & residence abroad with multifarious information do not guarantee the formation of an individual & autonomous position in times of crisis & war. But while it is true that long-term collective mentalities have a strong influence on individual attitudes & values, this indicates that the intercultural dialogue is constantly threatened. Adapted from the source document.

This article contains an overview of how the study of human rights issues has developed into a separate multidisciplinary field of academic study & education in Sweden. Its relationship to the different fields of political science is outlined, as well as general problems of a multidisciplinary subject. Three contributions to an edited volume containing Swedish & foreign scholarship on human rights issues drawn from the Swedish Forum for Human Rights, a biannual gathering of practitioners & scholars, are discussed. Those contributions deal with the tensions between universalist & relativist approaches to the character of human rights, the tensions between the development of international law & power relations in international politics, & tensions between group rights & individual rights. 25 References. Adapted from the source document.

This paper examines the impact of wheat transfers & cash incomes on wheat consumption & wheat markets. Using propensity score matching techniques, the MPC for wheat is on average 0.33, ranging from essentially zero for Food For Work (a program with large transfers) to 0.51 for Food For Education. Econometric estimates indicate that the total marginal propensity to consume (MPC) wheat out of small wheat transfers to poor households is approximately 0.25, while MPC's for wheat out of cash income are near zero. This increase in demand for wheat reduces the potential price effect of the three major targeted programs by about one-third. 12 Tables, 3 Figures, 1 Appendix, 30 References. Adapted from the source document.