Suchergebnisse

This paper presents the morally controversial phenomenon of prostitution. As the basis for contemplating the prostitution issue the most important is revealing and understanding its primitive ethical root. For understanding its "soul", its essence, also important is comprehending sexual, "elementary thoughts" of mankind, through the relationship between prostitution and religious, social, political and spiritual life, and its nature as a reflection of the sexual-ethical concepts in different epochs and nations. We emphasize the connection between prostitution and psychiatry. Placing a special focus on importance of personality for deciding to become a prostitute, and by pulling it through a moral prism we define prostitution as a new medical situation. In favor of that, we stress the importance of the presence, position and role of psychiatrists within an indispensable multidisciplinary team, which is complementary despite its heterogeneousness, synergistically and simultaneously dealing with psychological, physical and social health-problems of women engaged in prostitution. We propose peer education as a way of promoting healthy and safer behaviors among the subculture of prostitutes, where we see another important role of psychiatrists in selecting/recruiting, training and motivating peer educators among them.

AbstractCultural theory (CT) provides a framework for understanding how social dimensions shape cultural bias and social relations of individuals, including values, view of the natural world, policy preferences, and risk perceptions. The five resulting cultural solidarities are each associated with a "myth of nature"—a concept of nature that aligns with the worldview of each solidarity. When applied to the problem of climate protection policy making, the relationships and beliefs outlined by CT can shed light on how members of the different cultural solidarities perceive their relationship to climate change and associated risk. This can be used to deduce what climate change management policies may be preferred or opposed by each group. The aim of this paper is to provide a review of how CT has been used in surveys of the social aspects of climate change policy making, to assess the construct validity of these studies, and to identify ways for climate change protection policies to leverage the views of each of the cultural solidarities to develop clumsy solutions: policies that incorporate strengths from each of the cultural solidarities' perspectives. Surveys that include measures of at least fatalism, hierarchism, individualism, and egalitarianism and their associated myths of nature as well as measures of climate change risk perceptions and policy preferences have the highest translation and predictive validity. These studies will be useful in helping environmental managers find clumsy solutions and develop resilient policy according to C.S. Holling's adaptive cycle.

Rızaya dayalı ilişkilerin inşa sürecinde sıklıkla rastlanan evlilik, resmi bir anlam taşıyan birliktelik biçimidir. Her ne kadar partnerlerin ortak bir gelecek planlamasına dayansa da bu birlikteliklerin boşanma yoluyla sona ermesi son derece olağan bir süreçtir. Resmi ilişkinin sonlandırıldığı boşanmadan söz ederken boşanmaya olmaksızın ayrı yaşama biçimi de göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır. Boşanmadan pek çok değişken ile farklılaşan ayrı yaşama sürecinin anlaşılması için çok boyutlu bir inceleme gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada ilişkilerin sonlandırılmasında ayrı yaşama fenomeninin derinliğine ve ayrı yaşamayı tercih eden partnerlerin ve bu birliktelikten varsa çocukların yaşayabileceği psikososyal problemlere literatürden bir ışık tutmak hedeflenmiştir. Ayrıca ayrı yaşanan birliktelikler için olası problemlere karşı uygulanabilecek çeşitli sosyal politikaların temel alması gereken ilkelere değinilmiş ve öneriler getirilmiştir.

N° 65 ; Périodiques Bulletin économique et social du Maroc ; BESM-article_65-06

Purpose. The study seeks to clarify the preconditions for moral and legal decision-making based on the identification of axiological foundations that correlate with the moral perceptions of good and evil and psychological phenomena such as emotions. Theoretical basis of the study is to apply comparative, axiological, systemic methods. This methodological approach allows us to analyze and disclose the essence of the process of moral and legal decision-making on the basis of certain axiological prerequisites and enables to substantiate the connection between the axiological and psychological aspects of taking moral and legal decisions. Originality of the work is to broaden the perceptions of the processes and mechanisms for making moral and legal decisions, which are based on the axiological dimension, in particular on the system of reference individual and social values. The study shows that every necessary moral and legal decision taken by a person is futurologically balanced in the emotional sense, rationally reasoned and morally perceptible in the context of man's beliefs about good and evil, and realized with necessity in the personal system of reference values that determines the style and manner of individual and social behaviour in the context of material and spiritual values and is an axiological foundation for making all types of moral and legal decisions. Conclusions. Moral and legal decision-making is a social process that is connected with such a social essence of a person as rationality, which gives an opportunity to act axiologically. A person makes moral and legal decisions in a complex way, based on the unity of the moral, axiological and psychological aspects of his worldview, which are grounded on the system of reference values.

The article examines the legal nature and content of legal subjectivity of international migrants using the cutting-edge methodology of international legal personology. The relevance of the research topic is the need to apply the personology methodology to the study of the personal component of the international legal system, especially in the context of Russian aggression which poses a threat to the lives of Ukrainian refugees. The purpose of the article is to determine the legal nature and content of international migration legal personality of a person using the latest methodology of international legal personology. The methodological basis of the study is an interdisciplinary and comprehensive approach which made it possible to formulate the conceptual framework of international migration legal personality of a person with due regard for the modern doctrine and practice of international law. The work uses a number of general theoretical and special scientific methods: objectivity; dialectical; historical and legal; formal and logical; special legal; systemic and structural; comparative legal; sociological; the person-centered method was developed by the author specifically for the study of the problems of the subject of law in general and the subject of international law in particular. It posits that the 1948 mistranslation of the traditional legal concept of "legal personality" (person before the law) as "legal subjectivity" in Article 6 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights has had negative methodological consequences for domestic studies of personative legal reality. In their research, the scholars typically focused on the legal status, rights and duties of the legal subject rather than legal personality per se. The study of specific qualitative traits of legal personality (such as personative capacity, under the umbrella term of "legal capacity", or negative capacity, in the narrow framework of criminal capacity) has been fragmentary, sporadic, and categorically vague. Only when legal personology cohered as an academic approach did it became possible to use an adequate person-centric methodology to study the personative element of any legal system. A personological analysis of the traditional concept of "legal capacity" identified three aspects: 1) normative: the capacity of a social actor to bear a legal status, possess rights and duties (normative capacity before the law); 2) personative: the capacity of a social actor to be a subject of law, a legal personality, a bearer of a personative legal form of a physical, legal or sovereign person (personative capacity before the law); 3) communicative: the capacity of a social actor to take part in legal communications, to be a party of legal relations (communicative capacity before the law). Further personological study of international migration law found that a person bears all the features of an international legal personality that possesses the corresponding sectoral personative capacity and active capacity at the universal, regional, and particular level. Meanwhile, a significant number of environmental (climate), anthropogenic and political migrants remain outside the purview of international legal regulation at the universal level, where they are conventionally referred to by the rather restrictive term "refugee". At the regional and especially at the bilateral level, there is a risk that the generally recognised rights and fundamental freedoms of forced migrants during accelerated readmission, which underscores the necessity of academic scrutiny of this relatively new institution of international migration law.

The article notes that for an in-depth analysis of the worldview and socio-political exhortations of the "Russian world" ideology carriers, it is insufficient to identify only the natural and historical prerequisites for the formation of these exhortations. It is necessary to reveal the deep metaphysical foundations of the Russian ethnic group spirituality. The fact these foundations have transformed into one of the essential elements of the "Russian world" aggressive spiritual substance, increase the relevance of this problem in modern conditions. The author of the article offers an overview of understanding of this problem by the representatives of Russian journalism and philosophy of the beginning of the 20th century, Maxim Gorkiy and Nikolai Berdyaev. The article notes that M. Gorky in his essay "On the Russian Peasantry" criticizes the illusory views of Russian writers of the middle and the second half of the 19th century on the nature of the Russian peasantry (and at the same time the Russian ethnic group in general, because Russian society was mostly peasant) as a wise seeker of truth and justice, a person with a broad and generous soul, a carrier of world humanistic values. The specificity of the development of Russian history, the geographical living conditions formed, in Gorky's opinion, the traits of cruelty, aggressiveness, and contempt for the human personality that define the behavior of the Russian peasant. These features, imprinted on the deep supra-individual level of the Russian peasant, are invariant with respect to the class and political affiliation of their bearers. They can be eradicated only through radical social transformations and long educational processes. The article pays special attention to N. Berdyaev's views on the metaphysical roots of historical and spiritual manifestations of the Russian soul. Under this review, he analyzes the existential ideas of Russians about the value of human life, about their attitude to God, to the ideas about good and evil, as well as their attitude to the state and other peoples. Berdyaev considered the main source of aggressiveness, irrationality and unpredictability of Russian deeds to be the underdevelopment of the personal principle in the spiritual and social life of Russian society. He considers the consequences of such underdevelopment in the history of the social structure of Russian society, in the religious practices of Russians. The conviction of Russians in the divine origin and universality of their values gives them confidence that Russia must become the liberator of the nations.The author of the article expresses the opinion that the value orientations of Russians rooted at the metaphysical level regarding the messianic character of their actions in relation to other peoples, confidence in their chosenness do not provide grounds to hope for changes in these orientations as a result of a change in political, spiritual leaders or political power.

The main purpose of the article is to identify the contradictions and problems arising when both international labor standards and Russian labor law are applied and separate guarantees to workers are provided in the case of their dismissal. The object of the research is the employment relationship which arises between the employer and the employee when social guarantees are given to the workers when the employment relations are terminated. This article considers the regulations of Russian and foreign labor law which provide workers with certain guarantees if the employment contract is terminated at the initiative of the employer. For the first time, these guarantees are considered from a comparative legal perspective. Specific recommendations about improvement of the Russian labor law and its enforcement.

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Este pequeño documente pretende recopilar algunas ideas e impresiones que se pusieron de relieve a lo largo de los tres días de intenso trabajo durante el Congreso Internacional – XXIX Seminario Interuniversitario de Pedagogía Social. Pedagogía Social, Juventud y Transformaciones Sociales. Hace mención a algunas de las aportaciones concretas, quizás por quien las manifestó o porqué fueron motivo de reiteradas alusiones. En cualquier caso, se trata únicamente de una recopilación de ideas y aportaciones sin ninguna intención de exhaustividad puesto que las 110 comunicaciones presentadas, los 5 simposios organizados con otras 20 aportaciones más, las 7 conferencias impartidas, los 7 talleres realizados, las 3 experiencias relatadas y los diversos actos y encuentros llevados a cabo, han dado para muchísimo más de lo que en este breve texto se va a mencionar sucintamente

Este pequeño documente pretende recopilar algunas ideas e impresiones que se pusieron de relieve a lo largo de los tres días de intenso trabajo durante el Congreso Internacional – XXIX Seminario Interuniversitario de Pedagogía Social. Pedagogía Social, Juventud y Transformaciones Sociales. Hace mención a algunas de las aportaciones concretas, quizás por quien las manifestó o porqué fueron motivo de reiteradas alusiones. En cualquier caso, se trata únicamente de una recopilación de ideas y aportaciones sin ninguna intención de exhaustividad puesto que las 110 comunicaciones presentadas, los 5 simposios organizados con otras 20 aportaciones más, las 7 conferencias impartidas, los 7 talleres realizados, las 3 experiencias relatadas y los diversos actos y encuentros llevados a cabo, han dado para muchísimo más de lo que en este breve texto se va a mencionar sucintamente

Este pequeño documento pretende recopilar algunas ideas e impresiones que se pusieron de relieve a lo largo de los tres días de intenso trabajo durante el Congreso Internacional – XXIX Seminario Interuniversitario de Pedagogía Social. Pedagogía Social, Juventud y Transformaciones Sociales. Hace mención a algunas de las aportaciones concretas, quizás por quien las manifestó o porqué fueron motivo de reiteradas alusiones. En cualquier caso, se trata únicamente de una recopilación de ideas y aportaciones sin ninguna intención de exhaustividad puesto que las 110 comunicaciones presentadas, los 5 simposios organizados con otras 20 aportaciones más, las 7 conferencias impartidas, los 7 talleres realizados, las 3 experiencias relatadas y los diversos actos y encuentros llevados a cabo, han dado para muchísimo más de lo que en este breve texto se va a mencionar sucintamente