Suchergebnisse

Un état de l'art des recherches mondiales ; Territorial politics as social and political constructs are major issues for governement and for policy-making. Studying its properties and its dynamics shapes a domain of its own in social sciences. The text presents dominant approaches that have structured knowledge in the last thirty years about center-periphery relationships. Is also summarizes key findings from a comparative perspective ; Les relations centre-périphérie constituent un enjeu majeur pour le gouvernement des affaire publiques et les politiques. L'étude de leurs propriétés et de leurs dynamiques forment un domaine scientifique spécifique dans les sciences sociales. Ce texte identifie les approches principales et les découvertes fondamentales depuis une trentaine d'années en la matière. Il résume aussi les éléments comparatifs entre pays.

This article provides a model for analyzing approval voting elections. Within a standard probabilistic spatial voting setting, we show that principal component analysis makes it possible to derive candidates' relative locations from the approval votes. We apply this technique to original experimental data from the French 2002 presidential election.

Social scientists who strive to reflect on their research "while they're doing it" (Becker 1998) live in very fortunate times. On the one hand, it seems as if an increasing number of scholars want to do a little more than simply apply ready-made recipes. On the other hand, a few key volumes have recently been published that move beyond ready-made recipes. In my personal top three, I would most probably place Mahoney and Rueschemeyer (2003), George and Bennett (2005), and—last but not least—the volume discussed in this symposium. What distinguishes Rethinking Social Inquiry (RSI) from the two other volumes, in my view, is that it has a broader agenda and hence a broader ambition.

The use of the proximity model to represent the relationship between citizens' policy attitudes and the positions of candidates on the issues of the day has considerable appeal because it offers a bridge between theoretical models of political behavior and empirical work. However, there is little consensus among applied researchers about the appropriate representation of voter behavior with respect to the measurement of issue distance, candidate location, or whether to allow heterogeneity in the weight that each individual places on particular issues. Each of these choices suggests a different, and reasonably complicated, nonlinear relationship between voter utility and candidate and voter issue positions which may have a meaningful influence on the substantive conclusions drawn by the researcher. Yet, little attention has been given to the best way to represent the proximity model in applied work. The purpose of this paper is to identify which forms of the proximity model work best, with particular consideration given to the identification of functional forms that are invariant to the choice of scale for the independent variables.

The quantitative and qualitative research traditions can be thought of as distinct cultures marked by different values, beliefs, and norms. In this essay, we adopt this metaphor toward the end of contrasting these research traditions across 10 areas: (1) approaches to explanation, (2) conceptions of causation, (3) multivariate explanations, (4) equifinality, (5) scope and causal generalization, (6) case selection, (7) weighting observations, (8) substantively important cases, (9) lack of fit, and (10) concepts and measurement. We suggest that an appreciation of the alternative assumptions and goals of the traditions can help scholars avoid misunderstandings and contribute to more productive "cross-cultural" communication in political science.

The study aims at enliightening the history of the language conflicts in South Asia, starting with the language classification in the 19th century, particularly the role that their politisation have played in colonial South Asia and still play in independant India in conjunction with the politisation of religious "communalism". ; Le texte vise à éclairer l'histoire des affrontements linguistiques en Asie du Sud, à partir de la classification de langues au 19eme siècle, et notamment le rôle qu'a pu avoir la politisation des mouvements de revendication linguistiques et religieux dans l'Inde coloniale et l'Inde indépendante