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The present paper is an analysis of education facilities and education level in tribal areas in Madhya Pradesh. Literacy is a recent phenomenon among the tribals. Tribal populations still remain deprived of the elementary education at the primary level. Since illiteracy is prevalent among the majority of tribes, higher and professional education is distance dream for them to achieve. Despite the programme of Universalisation of Primary Education, which has been in effective operation since 1986, the literacy rate of STs in Madhya Pradesh remained as low as 50.6 per cent, while the general literacy rate reached 69.3 per cent in 2011. Further, the female literacy rate (41.5%) of STs in state stood much lower in comparison with general category. Tribal literacy rate varies from tribe to tribe and region to region. Still there are areas in the tribal-dominated districts across state that remains largely unserved by primary education facilities. Literacy is necessary for any communities especially to tribals to improve their economy and living condition. Although progress has been made by Scheduled Tribes in terms of literacy, still more attention needed by the government official, politicians, think tankers and policy makers for the tribals in the state.

Due to fast changes in the world economy and increase in the rate of unemployment globally especially in the last one and half decades of 21st century, there is the need for emergence of new kinds of business and jobs in order to meet up with the challenges of youth unemployment in general and women in particular. This paper gives an overview of how to get started in entrepreneurship education and its benefits to the development of the national economy vis-à-vis its sustaining innovation in providing jobs for the teaming population of unemployed youths. Emphasis are laid upon how small business entrepreneurship could be developed to large company entrepreneurship offering new products and making the entrepreneur function as the employer or boss rather than mere employees. Also, the paper stresses how women could be given the awareness of the social benefits they need to enjoy by giving them priorities and being considered eligible when receiving supplementary support because of their business acumen and naturally endowed managerial qualities. Ways of increasing the confidence level of women to take risk in setting up businesses are emphasized. The paper proposes a new action plan for government so that Nigerian women do not lag behind in the campaign for wealth creation through entrepreneurship opportunities in education. Benefits of entrepreneurship education are also stressed which include among others: job readiness, money management, improved health status, increases problem solving and decision making abilities for improved economic growth.

Due to fast changes in the world economy and increase in the rate of unemployment globally especially in the last one and half decades of 21st century, there is the need for emergence of new kinds of business and jobs in order to meet up with the challenges of youth unemployment in general and women in particular. This paper gives an overview of how to get started in entrepreneurship education and its benefits to the development of the national economy vis-à-vis its sustaining innovation in providing jobs for the teaming population of unemployed youths. Emphasis are laid upon how small business entrepreneurship could be developed to large company entrepreneurship offering new products and making the entrepreneur function as the employer or boss rather than mere employees. Also, the paper stresses how women could be given the awareness of the social benefits they need to enjoy by giving them priorities and being considered eligible when receiving supplementary support because of their business acumen and naturally endowed managerial qualities. Ways of increasing the confidence level of women to take risk in setting up businesses are emphasized. The paper proposes a new action plan for government so that Nigerian women do not lag behind in the campaign for wealth creation through entrepreneurship opportunities in education. Benefits of entrepreneurship education are also stressed which include among others: job readiness, money management, improved health status, increases problem solving and decision making abilities for improved economic growth. Article visualizations:

Abstract This article provides an exploratory overview of the history of homeschooling in the United States in addition to examining some of the claims made by advocacy organizations. There are two broad categories of rationales for homeschooling: (1) empirical — claims of greater efficiency, effectiveness, or pedagogical appropriateness; and (2) ideological – often informed by a religious or political disposition. A detailed discussion of both rationales is provided. First examined are claims made by homeschooling advocates related to effectiveness and efficiency, finding that this rationale does not have the same validity that ideological rationales like religion and safety may have. Finally, these rationales are cast against the backdrop of the aims of education as a mechanism for the collective good or for the individual good.

This work attempts a comparative description and analysis, focusing on the US, the UK, and Australia on the topic of the Right, educational policy, and schooling. It adopts as its underlying theme the burning fuse in tracing the topic back to Joseph de Maistre a Rightist who fled revolutionary France to seek safety in the company of Tsar Alexander I's Russian Empire. Here, he had much to say about school education, not for all, but rather the "deserving" social elite.During the past three or four decades in the US, the UK, and Australia, the Right has been remarkably successful in amassing political power. And in doing so, the right of politics in these countries has reshaped school educational policy and practice, a necessary step in securing the future of the Right as a political force. Moreover, even during the years the Right has been on the opposition benches in these countries, such has been the strength of their political force that governments of the Left have acquiesced to much of their school educational policy.A pioneering effort, this book asserts that to understand school educational policy in the third decade of the 21st century, we need to comprehend the politics of the Right. This book will be of interest to researchers and postgraduate students interested in Education Studies, Theory and Policy, and International and Comparative Education.

Citizenship education is often focused on the symbols and rituals that, in a Durkheimian manner, provide bonds of connection within a national community (Durkheim and Lukes, 2013). How might this operate in a divided society, one in which the fault-lines of politics, nationality and religion over-determine one another? This is the challenge facing Northern Ireland, an area which carried an historical burden of conflict and division, including a recent period when political violence scarred the landscape for over a quarter century. Almost the same time period has now elapsed since the paramilitary ceasefires in 1994, but old divisions die hard, and although new shared political institutions have emerged, and have successfully navigated two electoral cycles, politics still has a strongly confessional/national character. When we add to this mix the fact that Northern Ireland has always operated with denominationally separate schools, then the challenge of formulating and implementing a citizenship education programme becomes even more marked. This chapter examines this experience, beginning with an outline of the historical and educational background to highlight some of the challenges that were being faced. The chapter then examines the genesis and development of the citizenship education programme, before providing an outline of its structure and form. The final part of the chapter reviews evidence on the impact of citizenship education in Northern Ireland and a number of critical perspectives on this and related educational measures.

German policy makers and scholars have repeatedly referred to the United States' higher education system as a model for improving the quality of universities in Germany. Starting at this debate about a potential "Americanization" of German higher education policy this dissertation focuses on the introduction of new bachelor's programs at German universities and analyzes whether these new degrees resemble their American counterparts. The theoretical basis for this study is the "Varieties of Capitalism" (VoC) approach by Hall and Soskice, which argues that firms in coordinated market economies (CMEs) such as Germany need employees with specific skills, while employees in liberal market economies (LMEs) like the United States have to acquire general skills for the job market. Assuming that new German bachelor's degrees are aimed at providing graduates with more general skills, the question of whether the introduction of these new degrees represents a convergence with American higher education policy and whether this indicates a shift towards a more liberal American-style market economy constitutes the main part of this study.

Exploiting differences across U.S. states, this paper demonstrates that there is a tight link between higher education policies, past enrollment rates, and recent changes in the college wage premium among labor market entrants. The analysis reveals, however, that this relationship is much weaker in states with high private enrollment rates, high levels of interstate mobility, or interstate trade. The within-state estimates of the own-cohort relative supply effect shed some light on the extent to which the U.S. labor market can be characterized as a single national market or a collection of state-specific labor markets.

With digitalisation, deepening globalisation and population ageing, the world of work is changing. The extent to which individuals, firms and economies can harness the benefits of these changes critically depends on the readiness of adult learning systems to help people develop relevant skills ...