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Based on the major normative political theory contributions on global climate justice, the present paper analyzes the new international agreement on climate change, adopted at COP 21 in Paris (2015). Therefore, a literary review of the extensive normative theoretical discussion about global climate justice is made, with special attention to the two approaches that have permeated multilateral political negotiations - historical responsibility and equal per capita emissions. From this normative discussion, this paper recalls the global climate change negotiation process, focusing on the Kyoto Protocol. Next, the analysis emphasizes on the Paris Agreement in an effort to evaluate the normative questions on justice and equity within the environmental governance regime. Finally, the set of conclusions indicates that, although the flexibility of the Agreement has encompassed some dimensions of responsibility, necessity and ability to bear the costs, the most complex dimensions of justice and equity has not been completely solved, which may hinder the operation of environmental governance in a near future.

In the era of regional autonomy, the application of good governance is an urgent matter in the attempt to achieve local good governance that is effective, efficient, and free of corruption. Public service reform is not only the main agenda of the central government, but also the main agenda of the local government. Renewal of local public services can promote the sustainability of local good governance. The purpose of this study is to find out the implementation of good governance in the public service sector in the city of Batam. This study uses the application of the principles of good governance, namely participation, accountability, transparency, responsiveness and equity in view of good governance in public service in the city of Batam. The method used was a qualitative research, specifically the case study method. Results of the study explained that the implementation of good governance in public service in the city of Batam is still not optimal. This is because some of the indicators in the principle of good governance, including the principles of participation and community participation were limited to MUSREMBANG and PNPM Mandiri. In terms of accountability in the public service, only 34% of SKPD were already implementing service standards and as much as 66% have not implemented the standard service. In terms of transparency, only one SKPD was found to be ensuring transparency. In terms of equity, it was found to be lack of public services that facilitate accessibility for users with special needs.

Across leading environmental challenges-fire management, climate change, deforestation - there is growing awareness of the need to better account for diverse stakeholder perceptions across complex, multi-level governance arrangements. Perceptions often condition behavior, compliance and engagement in ways that impact environmental outcomes. We illustrate the importance of, and approaches to, examining perceptions across scales of governance (e.g. international, national, local) and sectors (e.g. civil society, government, corporate) through the example of Indonesian peatland fires. Peatlands are crucial global carbon stocks threatened by land use change and fire and subject to a range of policy interventions that affect many different stakeholder groups. Peatland drainage and conversion to plantation agriculture has been associated with severe, uncontrolled peat fires that present significant climate, public health and economic risks. Peatland fire management has become a domestic and international priority, spurring intensely contentious debates, policies and legal proceedings. Previous fire management interventions (FMI) are numerous yet have suffered widespread implementation failures. Against this backdrop, our manuscript provides a thematically and methodologically novel analysis of how diverse stakeholders, from local farmers to international policy makers, perceive peatland fires in terms of, i) how they prioritize the associated benefits and burdens, and ii) the perceived effectiveness of FMI. We adopt an innovative application of Q method to provide needed insights that serve to quantify the areas of contention and consensus that exist among the stakeholders and their multi-dimensional perspectives. We show that many of the contemporary FMI were perceived as among the most effective interventions overall, but were also the most controversial between groups. Clear consensus areas were related to the shared concerns for the local health impacts and the potential of government support for fire-free ...

Armed resistance by interest groups against governments, their policies and symbols has a long history all across the world. During the currency of resistance movement, given the checkered stake holder ship in the conflict, weapon supply to funding of the myriad resistance groups has been a regular modus operandi to generate resistance movement funding.

Scaling-up clean energy is vital to global efforts to address climate change. Promoting international trade in clean energy products (e.g. wind turbines, solar panels) can make an important contribution to this end through business and market expansion effects. If ratified, the landmark Paris COP21 Agreement will commit states to firmer climate actions, this necessarily requiring them to strengthen their promotion of clean energy technologies. Well over a hundred countries already have active policies in this area, many including industrial policy measures that impact on the international competitiveness of their clean energy sector. At the same time, governments have gradually liberalised their clean energy trade regimes, and large producers are negotiating an Environmental Goods Agreement (EGA). Clean energy trade is expanding and disputes among nations in this sector are growing. The World Trade Organisation (WTO) still has limited 'policy space' for climate action. Meanwhile, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) still had narrow and infrequent connections with trade matters. Moreover, WTO-UNFCCC engagement on trade-climate issues overall has been largely confined to information sharing and secretariat-level dialogue. This paper explores the extent to which clean energy trade is currently governed, where certain governance gaps and deficiencies exists, and argues why addressing them could help expand trade in clean energy products. It also contends that the most fundamental challenge for the future governance of clean energy trade concerns how to reconcile ramped-up interventionist climate action with an essentially liberal trade order.

Good governance is a precursor for effective electoral reforms in any democratic country. While the practice of democracy is often expected to yield the much needed effective governance, credibility of electoral systems have militated against translating democracy into good governance. The subject of electoral reforms has received sporadic attention, with need for more attention especially in Kenya. With the analysis of primary data obtained from purposively sampled respondents (lawyers, journalists and trainers) with extensive knowledge of recent electoral reforms in the Kenyan democracy, the paper examined the effectiveness of electoral reforms in promoting good governance in Kenya. It identified the availability and extent to which electoral reforms promote peaceful coexistence and good governance. The paper concluded that for electoral reforms to achieve an the expected outcome of good governance there is need for full implementation of electoral reforms, strengthening of the country's democratic institutions and intensifying civic education on electoral amongst the citizenry as a priority for good governance in Kenya. Article visualizations:

Supported on the analysis of a case study from Portugal (the Polis Programme), the article analyses the use of legal practices of exception in urban governance to explore the on-going reconfiguration of relationships within the state. A growing number of studies address how practices of exception shape state-society relationships, but little attention has been paid to how they shape the relationships among those governing while eliciting antagonisms from dissenting state actors. Findings suggest that legal practices of exception reconfigure the relationships within the state because, by default, they seek to redefine the field of government through a redistribution of power. The article illustrates different ways in which state actors attempt to resist practices of exception in everyday practice and concludes with a discussion of three paradoxes of their use in urban governance. The article reasserts the relevance of studying the role of the law and of the bureaucracy in urban governance. © 2012 Urban Studies Journal Limited.

This paper is based on research undertaken during the Masterclass "Sacred and Urbanism: Entrepreneurial Religion, Infrastructure and the New Urbanism in Nigeria" held at the University of Ibadan in June 2017. A team of postgraduate students carried out a day of field research in the area of the Sabo Central Mosque in Ibadan. The paper is a field report on their experience. It focuses on the interactions between the religious space, the government and its agencies. The paper also looks at the coexistence of the various groups in the community.

Public affairs that get more complicated these days, forces the government to implement collaborative governance with the involved parties. One of the actions of implementing the collaborative governance is seen through management of Lava Tour in Merapi. The increasing number of society's interest in visiting the tourism site, inundates the government. Therefore, the government has to cooperate with private, and also with the citizen. This paper explains further about the form of collaborations that are conducted by the government, private, and the citizen. Based on the analysis, the form of collaboration that is conducted is Partnership that suits Bryson's (2014) classification.