Suchergebnisse

This volume describes more than 400 separate policy actions that IEA Member countries took to mitigate climate change in the energy sector during 1999. Listings are provided for each country with classifications of actions into five major policy approaches: fiscal policy; market policy; regulatory policy; R&D policy; and policy processes. In addition, policies are classified according to energy source and end-use.

Technology can make a significant contribution to reducing greenhouse gas emissions from the energy sector. But it can only do so if efforts to develop and deploy advanced energy technologies are redoubled and if technological advances are combined with measures that discourage the emitting of carbon by making it more expensive. Efforts with a near-term focus are needed, but so is work that will only bear fruit years from today. Both are vital. Both must start now and continue over time. Government and industry both have indispensable roles in the task of maximising energy technology's contribution to emissions reduction. This report is a call to action to IEA Member countries to find ways, compatible with their own circumstances, to achieve that end. It reviews a large number of technologies that could prove important in reducing energy-related emissions in both the near and long term. It points out how the availability of advanced energy technology can mitigate the cost of emissions reduction, and it outlines how traditional "barriers" to using new technology can be overcome. It deals directly with the issue of what governments can do in this area and points out where government action is needed. The report builds on two previous IEA reports - Energy Technologies for the 21st Century and IEA/OECD Scoping Study: Energy and Environmental Technologies to Respond to Global Climate Change Concerns.

Policies to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases also have impacts on other policy goals, especially health. In some cases, these ancillary effects may be more significant than the direct greenhouse gas reduction impacts. While these relationships are generally recognised, analysis of climate policies does not systematically include them in policy design and selection. In March 2000, a workshop gathered leading edge analysts on this topic from around the world. These proceedings include analytic frameworks for ancillary effects, empirical results on the type and nature of ancillary effects, and discussion on the role of ancillary effects analysis in improved policy processes. These proceedings are a valuable reference for anyone seeking to develop integrated policies to meet a range of policy objectives simultaneously.

Municipal waste has increased 22 % per capita from 1980 to 1997. At the same time, the difficulty of siting new waste disposal facilities has increased. While major progress has been made to lessen the per capita generation of air and water pollution over the past decades, waste generation is still on the rise. Faced with the increase of waste, many governments have reviewed available policy options and concluded that placing the responsibility for the post-consumer phase of certain goods on producers could provide a means to relieve certain environmental pressures, arising from post-consumer waste. Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) is a policy approach under which producers accept significant responsibility - financial and/or physical - for the treatment or disposal of post-consumer products. Assigning such responsibility could provide incentives to prevent wastes at the source, promote product design for the environment and support the achievement of public recycling and materials management goals. Within the OECD the trend is towards the extension of EPR to new products, product groups and waste streams such as electrical appliances and electronics. This guidance manual represents one means to inform national governments about the potential benefits and costs associated with EPR.

Des villes recouvertes par des brouillards de pollution, des lacs envahis par des algues ou au contraire empoisonnés par les pluies acides, des terrains vagues imprégnés de déchets toxiques : manifestement, le Québec n'a rien à envier à ses voisins, et vit comme eux le cauchemar écologique des sociétés industrielles modernes.

The issues -- The physical and global context -- Population, consumption and technological change -- Energy -- Material flows and wastes -- The sustainability of settlements -- Atmosphere -- Biodiversity -- Land and waters -- Estuaries and the sea -- Present policies and future targets -- Political and economic change -- The four pillars of wisdom.

No military unit - not even the SAS - has been more glamourised, fictionalised, or been the subject of more myth-making than the French Foreign Legion. But despite the hype, quality first-hand accounts of life in the ranks of France's cosmopolitan elite colonial force are relatively rare. This is one of the finest of that select group. It is the work of the adopted son of the famous Russian writer Maxim Gorki. Pechkoff served in the Legion during the Great War, and later in North Africa. He was on peacekeeping duties in Algeria, and fought in the Rif Wars of the 1920s against the forces of the great tribal guerilla leader Abd-el-Krim. This memoir is based on the author's diaries, and was written while he was recovering from wounds in a hospital in the Moroccan capital, Rabat. Pechkoff gives vivid accounts of his rough, tough Legion comrades, and of fierce military action. He was one of a special 'Group Mobile' assigned to relieving Legion outposts besieged by the Rif rebels, and his accounts of the fighting pays tribute to the heroism of both sides. A first-class military memoir which gives the truth behind the romantic 'Beau Geste' image, this book has a foreword by the famous French writer Andre Maurois, a map of Morocco, the music for the legion's anthem 'Marche de la Legion Etrangere', a frontispiece drawing of a Legionairre, and an appendix giving a brief history of the Legion from its foundation in 1831. A 'must-have' book for all lovers of the Legion and its literature, and for all students of desert and guerilla warfare.

Cover -- Half Title -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of Figures -- Acknowledgements -- Preface -- Introduction -- Part I: The Marking of Difference -- 1 Men and boys: the lives of the fishermen -- 2 Women, money and markets -- 3 Gender, body and the tracing of relatedness -- Part II: The Merging of Difference -- 4 Becoming husband and wife -- 5 Loans and goods: flows and exchanges between households -- 6 Eating from one plate: gender, exchange and spouses -- Part III: Disputes and Negotiations -- 7 Gender and money: the saving and spending of household wealth -- 8 Conflict and Violence -- 9 Conclusions -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index.

Cover -- Title Page -- Table of Contents -- Series Editor's Preface -- Preface -- Abbreviations -- Chapter 1: Thinking in the Ruins -- Chapter 2: Displacing Skepticism -- Chapter 3: The Contingency of Values -- Chapter 4: Forms of Life and Animal Faith -- Chapter 5: Religious Belief -- Chapter 6: Conclusion -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index.

Women throughout the world are still economically, politically and socially marginalised at a time when globalisation is radically changing our world. From the perspective of development specialists and feminist activists, this book considers the challenges facing gender and development practitioners and policy-makers in the 21st century.