Suchergebnisse

Preliminary Material /Daniel Tröhler and Jürgen Oelkers -- Introduction: Pragmatism and Education in the International Discussion /Daniel Tröhler and Jürgen Oelkers -- The Hegelian Roots of Dewey's Pragmatism /James A. Good -- William James' Theory of Religion and Pluralistic World /Meike Sophia Baader -- Public Intercommunications /Hans-Peter Krüger -- The Concepts of Activity and Effectiveness in Dewey's Aesthetics /Roswitha Lehmann-Rommel -- Modern City, Social Justice and Education /Daniel Tröhler -- Jane Addams' and Mary Parker Follett's Applied Pragmatism /Birgit Althans -- George Herbert Mead and the Theory of Schooling /Gert Biesta -- Some Historical Notes on George Herbert Mead's Theory of Education /Jürgen Oelkers -- Dewey And James in Germany – Missed Opportunities in German Pedagogy for Creative Encounter with American Pragmatism /Philipp Gonon -- The Perception of Dewey's Pragmatism in Germany after 1945 /Stefan Bittner -- Dewey's Optimism /Philip W. Jackson.

Discussions on problems in higher education in Europe typically focus on rising enrolment rates, access, governance, underperformance in research and teaching, lack of internationalisation, the lack of private and public funding. Our proposals for reform are based on more autonomy for universities, higher tuition fees, more private funding, introduction of income-contingent loans, better governance, more competition and internationalisation. Taking a subsidiarity perspective, the role of the EU in reforming the higher education sector in Europe is providing mutual policy learning opportunities on higher education reforms across Member States and supporting the building of higher education infrastructure in Member States (through the Structural and FP Funds). But beyond the support to Member States policies, the EU should further develop the European dimension, through furthering the goals of the Bologna reforms, cross recognition of qualifications, funding and promoting intra-EU mobility of students, researchers and teachers. The EU should take more initiatives to facilitate global mobility and cooperation. Finally, consistent with the subsidiarity principle, the EU can develop "flagships" initiatives.

Abstract
Prior research argues that lottery consumers consider how funds are to be used in making lottery purchase decisions. Possible explanations for this behavior include altruism as well as the desire of low-income families to provide educational opportunities within their community. This paper uses a panel of lottery sales for U.S. states covering the period 1980–2000 to test hypotheses regarding the impact of educational earmarking on lottery purchases. Our estimates suggest that states earmarking all or part of their revenue to education experience an increase in lottery sales between 11 % and 25 %, depending on the specification of state trends. Whether the propensity for earmarking to increase sales is viewed positively or negatively depends largely on one's ethical and moral views of lotteries.

Several studies suggest that some post-communist states or regions such as, for example, the former German Democratic Republic engage in a narrower form of civic education in schools which focuses on the transmission of facts. They also indicate that such civic education produces citizens more likely to accept the status quo than to criticially analyse and attempt to transform it. This paper posits, however, that this is also the case in the Republic of Ireland, a state with an apparently very different historical background. Attitudinal data from the European/World Values Survey and the European Social Survey is used to investigate this possibility by comparing eastern Germany and the Republic of Ireland on key items relating to attitudes towards politics and society. The results provide tentative support for this notion indicating that attitudes in both eastern Germany and the Republic of Ireland tend towards the compliance end of the compliancetransformation spectrum underlining the importance of broader forms of civic education for democratic socialisation both in post-communist states and more generally.Einige Forschungsergebnisse zeigen, dass Staaten, die den Kommunismus durchlaufen haben, eine begrenztere Form von Politikunterricht an Schulen durchfuhren und auf diese Weise Burger heranziehen, die dazu tendieren, den Status Quo zu akzeptieren anstatt politische Entscheidungen kritisch zu hinterfragen und die Politik aktiv mitzugestalten. Die Moglichkeit, jedoch, dass dies auch in einem Staat mit einem ganz anderen geschichtlichen Hintergrund, wie zum Beispiel die Republik Irland, der Fall sein konnte, wird zur Diskussion gestellt. Mit Hilfe von Daten zu politischen Einstellungen aus der European/World Values Survey und der European Social Survey soll diese Frage untersucht werden. Die Ergebnisse unterstutzen zum Teil diese Idee und zeigen, dass Einstellungen in sowohl der fruheren Deutschen Demokratischen Republik als auch in der Republik Irland eher eine Tendenz zu Anpassung aufweisen, was die Wichtigkeit der politischen Bildung für demokratische Sozialization nicht nur in Staaten, die den Kommunismus durchlaufen haben sondern im Allgemeinen betont.

Drawing on experiences from a cross disciplinary research project entitled "Youth and the City, Skills, Knowledge and Social Reproduction", the paper explores ways of studying globalisation and schooling across national contexts focusing on secondary schools in Lusaka, Hanoi and Recife. I use the term eduscape to analyze the interconnectedness of schools, educational projects, values and processes across the World. The study provides example of how young people from different social, cultural and political contexts negotiate what appears as an almost similar educational project across the three cities. The schools in this study are inhabited by teachers and students who belong to different generations. Many of the teachers carry with them educational traditions that are rooted in a past where the role of schools as state institutions has been to mirror and reproduce the power structures of previous regimes. Democratization and liberal reforms have created profound changes within state institutions, and the prospects of both schools and education generally have changed accordingly. Young people who attend secondary schools are actors in an eduscape that they are continuously constructing by negotiating identities between the past, represented by teachers, parents, and inherited habits and routines, and the future, manifested in terms of the promises of progress and modernity that are attached to education. This study provides a picture of young people across national and cultural contexts who are in confusion over the aims and perspectives of education, since the rhetoric of promise and potential does not match the realities in which they live. Nonetheless it is remarkable to see how the rhetoric of promise and potential functions as point of departure for criticizing the lack of any real opportunities. Eduscapes are spaces for controlling and disciplining young people through processes of social segregation, but they are also spaces for criticism: Across the three sites raise young people raise criticisms not only of schools, but of society as such. In Recife the complaint is about 'pretending democracy', in Lusaka about the emptiness of the educational project - lack of quality and opportunities, and Hanoi about the contradictions embedded in the reforms and the turn towards the open market.

A new issue of public policy in America's higher education history is the state support of private higher education. As of January 1, 1980, all of the states except Wyoming and Nevada provide some type of aid to private higher education institutions. One state, North Carolina, began its efforts to provide state assistance to private higher education in 1971 and by 1981 had provided approximately 86 million dollars to its now 38 private colleges and universities. This study is an in depth description of (1) the current status of that aid; (2) the political evolution of that aid; (3) the several different interest groups and individuals involved with (a) the legislation authorizing the aid and (b) the subsequent litigation contesting the legislation; and (4) the issue of state aid to private higher education in a national context. Currently, there are three general programs of state aid to private higher education in North Carolina: (1) the North Carolina State Contractual Scholarship Fund, (2) the North Carolina Legislative Tuition Grant Program and (3) the North Carolina Student Incentive Grant Program. The North Carolina statutes authorizing these programs of aid were held to be constitutional under the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment to the United States Constitution in Smith v. Board of Governors of the University of North Carolina (1977). Those actors responsible for the legislation authorizing the programs of aid include former Governors Bob Scott, Dan Moore, and Jim Holshouser; Governor Jim Hunt; former and present legislators favoring aid to private higher education; the trustees, staff, faculty, and students of private higher education institutions; parents of students attending those institutions; representatives of the (now defunct) State Board of Higher Education; and representatives of the North Carolina Association of Independent Colleges and Universities. Those actors who are considered the primary forces behind the legislation are Duke University President Terry Sanford (former North Carolina Governor), Pfeiffer College President Cameron West (former Director of the State Board of Higher Education), Ben Fisher (former Executive Secretary for the Council on Christian Higher Education of the Baptist State Convention of North Carolina), Virgil McBride (former Executive Director of the North Carolina Association of Independent Colleges and Universities), and John Henley (current President of the North Carolina Association of Independent Colleges and Universities). Proponents of the aid postulate that such aid is economical, i.e., the State saves money by utilizing available space at private institutions. They also posit that the aid provides access to and choice of higher education for North Carolina students. They are quite adamant in their belief that the aid is student aid, not institutional aid, although the funds are allocated directly to the institutions. For this study, the researcher utilized newspaper files, official reports, legal documents, letters, memoranda, related literature, House and Senate Journals, and Session Laws. Fifty interviews with principal actors were conducted. ; Ed. D.

Among established subjects, the teaching of history presents the best opportunity to interest pupils in public affairs & an understanding of democracy. Secondary modern Sch's are not doing enough to stimulate interest in these fields, & the number of grammar Sch pupils taking GCE papers in gov & public affairs is small, though much serious work not intended as preparation for examinations is being done. A disturbing feature is that, because of U entrance requirements, specialization begins at an early age & usually precludes any training in soc studies for specialists in sci or mathematics. The public Sch's system presents a formidable obstacle to the development of genuine democracy,& the Labor Party's policy on comprehensive Sch's will probably enhance the relative advantages enjoyed by public Sch children, thereby increasing the soc inequalities in our society. U's influence the pol'al outlook of their S's through the Ss' own autonomous activities & through their teachers. Pol'al sci is widely taught in U's & its importance as a discipline which seeks to study & solve the pol'al & gov'al problems confronting mankind cannot be exaggerated. IPSA.

"Many ADB developing member countries (DMCs) suffer from a shortage of qualified workers. Technical and vocational education and training (TVET) and skills development often provide a slow, inflexible, inadequate, and inefficient response to the needs of labor markets. This good practice guide supports ADB's education sector staff and other planners in their dialogue with governments and other stakeholders of education in the DMCs aimed at analyzing the TVET sector and its directions. The booklet highlights strategic questions and presents investment design issues, including the strengths and weaknesses of different forms of training and financing. It discusses the lessons learned from ADB's experiences in the sector and their implications for future TVET projects. Checklists provide a practical tool for evaluating proposed investments"

"Many ADB developing member countries (DMCs) suffer from a shortage of qualified workers. Technical and vocational education and training (TVET) and skills development often provide a slow, inflexible, inadequate, and inefficient response to the needs of labor markets. This good practice guide supports ADB's education sector staff and other planners in their dialogue with governments and other stakeholders of education in the DMCs aimed at analyzing the TVET sector and its directions. The booklet highlights strategic questions and presents investment design issues, including the strengths and weaknesses of different forms of training and financing. It discusses the lessons learned from ADB's experiences in the sector and their implications for future TVET projects. Checklists provide a practical tool for evaluating proposed investments"