Suchergebnisse

"The Forgotten Appeasement of 1920 examines a turning point in East European history: the summer of 1920, when Lenin's Soviet Russia decided to challenge the Versailles system and launch a military attack on the continent. The outcome of this attack might have been the occupation of all of Poland and East Central Europe, and a Red Army sweep further west. This book probes the British-Soviet negotiations and diplomatic operations behind the scenes. Professor Nowak uses hitherto unexamined documents from Russian and British archives to show how (and why) top British politicians were ready to accept a new Russian imperial control over the whole of Eastern Europe. Nowak unravels this previously untold story of that first and forgotten appeasement, stopped only by the Polish military victory over the Red Army. His excellent historical craftsmanship and new sources contribute to the book's quality, filling up a lacuna in contemporary historiography. This book will appeal to researchers of geopolitical affairs and the Great Powers, the history of Poland, and the political mentality of Western elites. It will also be of interest to university students and tutors, scholars of history and international relations and - thanks to the book's brisk and fascinating narrative - amateur historians and history aficionados"--

"China's Belt and Road Initiatives (BRI) is an ambitious infrastructure project conceived in 2013 by President Xi Jinping with development and investment initiatives stretching from Asia and Europe that reflect the original Silk Road with business networks through countries such as Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan, as well as India and Pakistan, spanning a route of more than four thousand miles and history that can be dated back more than 2200 years. Given the background of China's unique approach in fighting the COVID-19, and against the backdrop of sluggish economic growth, innovation and management within the sustainable development of BRI will be the key and the driving force for the post-pandemic economic recovery for many countries, especially when BRI countries now accounts for nearly 30% of China's foreign trade and 15% of outward direct investment. The vision to create a vast network of railways, energy pipelines, highways, and streamlined border crossings to expand the international use of Chinese currency and improve connectivity to China is good foresight and fortuitous with COVID-19 pandemic came to plague the world, and amid in the conflicts between US and China as well as a War between Russia and Ukraine. Since the inception of BRI many books are written to cover topics ranging from globalization to detailing how China's business and politics as a major motivation for China's overseas economic activities with case studies and practices, yet seldom of these books provide structured approach to the sustainable management of BRI projects. This book is about how to manage innovation, sustainability, and business necessary to make BRI works, and how to handle the issues, problems and crisis that may arise thereof. Participants of BRI projects can take many different roles but ultimately it is team effort and leadership for each project. Here the readers will find guidelines and insights to survive and prosper in a myriad of BRI opportunities and risks. Most important of all, this book provides a glimpse of different approach for success in BRI projects, including sustainability, environmental issues, social and political aspects, technological, choice of industry, project management, education and training, governance and many more"--

Cover -- Half Title -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- List of Contributors -- Foreword -- List of Acronyms -- List of Abbreviations -- Introduction: Italy and Libya: A Historical Perspective of a Mediterranean Relationship -- Part 1 Italy and Libya: From Liberal Colonialism to Fascism -- 1 Tripolitania and Cyrenaica in Liberal Italy's Foreign Policy -- 2 History of a Minority, Not a Minor History: The Maltese Community in Tripoli from the Liberal Age to Fascism -- 3 From the 'Riconquista' to the Normalization: Fascism and Libya -- 4 The Demographic Colonization in Libya (1926-1940) -- 5 If the Monument Could Speak: Jewish Italian Imaginaries Across the Mediterranean -- Part 2 Italy and Independent Libya: Building a 'Special Relationship' -- 6 Pietro Quaroni, Italian Diplomacy and the Libyan Issue (1945-1949) -- 7 Republican Italy and the Senussi Monarchy (1951-1969) -- 8 Aldo Moro, Italian Diplomacy and Gaddafi's Rise to Power (1969-1978) -- 9 The Silent Friend. Eni and Gaddafi's libya. An Interpretation -- 10 From Troublemaker to Strategic Partner: Gaddafi and the West -- 11 Two Great Friends. Berlusconi and Gaddafi (1994-2011) -- Part 3 Fragmented Libya: Trying to Save the Italian and European Influences -- 12 Libya's Arab Spring and Italy's Post-Uprising Influence -- 13 Italy and the Disintegration of the Libyan State -- 14 A New State-Building Process for Libya? Italy and the International Community (2011-2021) -- Index of Names.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Introduction -- What you will discover in this book -- About the authors -- Chapter 1: Visual landscapes -- Changes in the visual landscape -- Visual communication and its relationship to visual culture -- The meaning of 'culture' in visual culture -- Globalised visual culture and intercultural collaboration -- Conditions for interpretation and use of visuals -- The Namji doll and a Dala horse -- Navigating in a changing landscape -- The emergence of the outer eye -- Visual thinking and the body -- Visual studies and visual culture studies -- Key chapter takeaways -- Notes -- Chapter 2: Visual communication in practice -- Visual communication and representation -- A picture from a picture -- Emojis -- Pictorial traditions -- Our mind shapes the world we see -- Visual literacy -- Visual communication literacy -- Lost meanings -- Visual perception -- The active eye -- Cheating the eye -- Attracting the eye -- Vision and visuality -- Key chapter takeaways -- Notes -- Chapter 3: Analysing and interpreting visuals -- The role of Gestalt Theory in relation to visual interpretation -- The law of the good curve and continuity -- Figure-ground -- Proximity -- Common region -- Similarity -- Closure -- Focal point -- The Gestalt principles in contemporary use -- Meaning-bearing parts in visuals -- Characteristics of a visual -- Imitating visuals -- Schemata for interpretation -- Decoding messages -- Key chapter takeaways -- Notes -- Chapter 4: Communication and narration -- Communication as an interactive process -- The agency of the spectator -- Agency of the visual -- Visual communication in use -- Drawings and models -- Everyday visual communication -- Signs calling for attention -- Tele-vision means far sight -- Visuals and emotions.

Cover -- Endorsements -- Half Title -- Series -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Map of India -- Introduction -- 1 Hinduism, caste and politics: An overview -- 2 Islam and Christianity in the Indian sub-continent: Myths and misconceptions -- 3 Hindu nationalism: A historical overview -- 4 The militias and foot soldiers of Hindutva terror -- 5 The politics of religious extremism: The destruction of the Babri Masjid -- 6 State terrorism, politics and communal violence in the Indian State of Gujarat, 2002 -- 7 Terrorism in "paradise": Hindu nationalism, terrorism and politics in the Kashmir Valley -- 8 Contemporary developments: The saffron threat to Indian liberal democracy -- Conclusion -- Glossary -- Index.

Intro -- List of Figures -- Notes and Abbreviations -- Acknowledgements -- Prologue -- 1 Introduction - Whose History? -- 1 Examining Apartheid and the Commonwealth -- 2 Evidence and Archives -- 3 The Commonwealth -- 4 Apartheid and South Africa -- 2 The Decline of the 'Imperial' Commonwealth -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Post-war Commonwealth -- 3 The 1949 London Agreement -- 4 Conclusion -- 3 Afrikaner Nationalism and the Rise of Apartheid -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Smuts and the United Nations -- 3 The Royal Tour and the 1948 Elections -- 4 Smuts, Segregation and Apartheid -- 5 Resisting Apartheid -- 6 Britain, South Africa and a Changing Commonwealth -- 7 Conclusion -- 4 Sharpeville and South Africa's Commonwealth Exit -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Sharpeville, the Referendum and the Republic -- 3 South Africa's Commonwealth Exit: The Aftermath -- 4 Conclusion -- 5 The Rhodesian Rebellion, Arms to South Africa and the 'New' Commonwealth -- 1 Creating a New Commonwealth -- 2 The UK Turns to Europe -- 3 The Commonwealth Secretariat -- 4 The Rhodesian Rebellion -- 5 Arms to South Africa -- 6 Boycotting Apartheid in Sport -- 1 Introduction -- 2 South Africa, Sport and Race -- 3 The Commonwealth, Apartheid Sport and the Gleneagles Agreement -- 4 Conclusion -- 7 Implementing Gleneagles and Problems of Implementation: from New Zealand to Moscow -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Challenges to Gleneagles -- 3 Conclusion -- 8 Zimbabwe's Birth - Thatcher's Triumph? -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Lusaka CHOGM 1979 -- 3 The Lancaster House Agreement -- 4 Zimbabwe's Birth -- 5 The Fifth Brigade, Matabeleland and the Gukurahundi -- 6 Conclusion -- 9 Mission to South Africa - Negotiating with Apartheid -- 1 Introduction -- 2 After Zimbabwe: The Commonwealth, the UK and Southern Africa -- 3 The 1985 Nassau Summit: Sanctions and a Divided Commonwealth.

Intro -- List of abbreviations -- Introduction -- 1 History and definition of the threats of force -- Introduction -- 1.1 The history of the prohibition of threats of force -- 1.2 Definition of the threat of force -- 1.2.1 Forms of threats of force -- 1.2.2 Subjective elements - intent to use force and credibility of threats -- 1.2.3 The objective of the threat of force -- 1.2.4 Other elements of the threat of force -- 1.2.5 Summary -- 2 The status of the prohibition of the threats of force -- Introduction -- 2.1 The prohibition of the threats of force v. the prohibition of the use of force -- 2.1.1 '[A]gainst the territorial integrity and political independence or in any other manner inconsistent with the purposes of the United Nations' -- 2.1.2 Exceptions to the prohibition of the threats of force -- 2.2 Other norms breached by the threat of force -- 2.3 Different kinds of threats -- 2.4 Is the prohibition of threats of force a peremptory norm or a customary norm? -- 2.5 Conclusions -- 3 Threats of force in practice -- Introduction -- 3.1 Threats of force as actions -- 3.1.1 Threats of force involving the movement of armed forces -- 3.1.1.1 Military manoeuvres -- 3.1.1.2 Concentration of forces -- 3.1.1.3 Mobilization of forces -- 3.1.2 Possession of nuclear weapons -- 3.1.3 Violation of airspace and territorial waters -- 3.2 Oral threats of force -- 3.3 Written threats of force -- 3.4 Ultimatums -- 3.5 Domestic legislation of states -- 3.6 War propaganda -- 3.7 'Accumulation of events' as a threat of force -- 3.8 Conclusions -- 4 Responses to threats of force -- Introduction -- 4.1 Responses to threats of force under the framework of international organizations -- 4.1.1 The United Nations -- 4.1.1.1 The UN Security Council -- 4.1.1.2 The UN General Assembly -- 4.1.1.3 Other UN organs -- 4.1.2 Organs outside the United Nations.

"This book brings together new perspectives on India's foreign policy in the light of a constantly shifting world order. From India's relations in its immediate neighborhood to its China policy, from India-US relations under Biden to Quad, from Grand Strategy to peacekeeping this book brings to the fore the shifting terrains of global politics and India's significant place in it. The essays in the volume critically examines changing preoccupations of India's foreign policy and its geopolitical interests, including its Act East Policy; includes comprehensive inputs on India's China policy and relations with Japan; explores India's relations with the USA, the Middle-East, Afghanistan, and Central Asia; discusses at length India's nuclear, energy, and foreign investment policies; analyses India's positioning on the emergence of the Indo-Pacific discourse. This volume will be of great interest to scholars and researchers of political science and international relations. It will also be of use to foreign policy and diplomacy practitioners, career bureaucrats, and government think tanks."--

This book explains how leaders in the Caribbean and Pacific regions balance the autonomy-viability dilemma of postcolonial statehood by practising statehood à la carte. Jack Corbett shows that this approach is a pragmatic response to the contradictions inherent to coloniality.

This book offers a comprehensive overview of the innovative financial instruments and approaches available to implement water security and green growth initiatives in a range of contexts. It also provides in-depth case studies of these innovative applications in various locations of differing climates, lifestyles, and income levels

This fascinating volume offers a set of biographies of women and gender non-conforming people who made a difference in international law but who, in most cases, were never well-known or have been forgotten. These portraits describe each individual's engagement with international law, the context in which they worked, and the barriers they faced.