Suchergebnisse

Ekkehardt Krippendorff walks the high road of peace research. His book, State and War, is a contribution to the grand task of abolishing war as an institution. He argues that states and the military are twins, created for the same purpose: breeding war and violence against each other's and their own subject populations. This review presents Krippendorff's arguments and extends them, showing how the two ahistorical conclusions that would seem to emerge from such reasoning - namely the anarchist and the pacifist conclusions - can be avoided.

The recent reforms in the Latvian general education curriculum along with a school network reorganization have brought new attention to the issues related to a teacher education and the level of professionalism in everyday teaching work. Soviet-era education and work experience in diverse political and education systems (under the Soviet rule and after the restoration of independence) are factors that should be taken into account when analyzing the teacher in the citizenship education learning process. For the needs of this Paper, the authors used the data of the IEA ICCS 2016 (International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement International Civic and Citizenship Study 2016) teachers who teach citizenship education-related school subjects (n=249) and their students (N=3224, Grade 8, average age from 13 to 14). To process the data, the authors usedclusters, correlations, regression analysis and descriptive statistics.The aim of this Paper is to study what the teacher is like in the process of citizenship education. The findings allow making two conclusions: First, the teacher's personality, experience and networking skills plays an important role; Second, the popular assumption among both professionals and nonprofessionals that cooperation between an eighth-grade teachers and parents leads to a better student achievements is false.

This research reviews the application of the law on the right of refugee children to education and the challenges inhibiting this right. Radical changes in the legal framework protecting refugee children's right to education has occurred since South Africa became a democratic state in 1994. The enactment of international law into the 1994 Constitution contributed into the protection of various children right and insured equal access into the education system. However, refugee children have been prejudiced in the right to access education based on numerous challenges. The lack of access education for refugee children is an unconstitutional practice in schools rather than a legislative injustice. This paper uses journal reports, newspaper articles, academic writing on both national and international perspective on the infringement of education rights on refugee children. The findings provide clarity on unconstitutional practices and the legal standpoint on such practices. The right to education constitutes a valuable foundation for integration. South Africa is obligated by both national and international law to provide immediate education to refugee children.

Armed struggle for the liberation of Palestine has been a rallying cry of the Palestinian national movement since its emergence in the 1960s, but its results have never been more than marginal. Instead, military groups have served a primarily political function, offering Palestinians in the diaspora organizational structures for political expression and state building. However, the nature of the PLO as an exile entity attempting to unite a disparate diaspora has necessarily resulted in an authoritarian leadership wary of the administrative, civilian, and social organizations needed to form a state. Ultimately, the political patterns that developed during the armed struggle impede as much as aid the realization of an independent Palestinian state.

This study evaluates news portrayals of resilience in the newly renewed Education for Sustainable Peace in Rwanda initiative. There remains a gap in understanding about how Rwanda's education approaches are portrayed and disseminated to the public by news media. This research uses an inductive coding analysis and layers Entman's framing theory to evaluate new media portrayals of resiliency in the reporting of domestic and international media outlets. This research demonstrates that there has been little media attention paid to Rwanda's education system outside of Rwanda, despite the newly revised programming. This research also finds that in media sources which do discuss Rwanda's education system, portrayals of approaches to resilience that have the potential for inclusivity are far more common than approaches which are top-down and exclusive. These findings serve to contribute to literature in both the context of Rwanda's place in global governance and the broader discussions of educational resiliency.

"Throughout the Cold War, both the United States and the Soviet Union viewed themselves as saviors of the world, and each saw itself as working on behalf of humanity against the other. The unexpected implosion of the Soviet empire in 1989 brought an end to this bipolar world and left both nations uncertain about their relations to the world and to each other. Antagonism between the United States and Russia is rooted in a lack of knowledge of each other's culture and history. This pioneering volume, first published in 1944 at the height of the U.S.-Soviet alliance, steers us through the labyrinth of mutual ignorance that continues in the post-Cold War era. Pitirim Alexandrovitch Sorokin is one of the major figures of modern sociology. Born in rural Russia in 1889, he took an active part in the country's political life. Following his emigration to the United States, he strove to develop an insider's knowledge of his new home. Russia and the United States was written in the hope of fostering cooperation between the two countries in the postwar world. By noting a shared belief in each nation's historical role or "exceptionalism," Sorokin argues that there is a fundamental compatibility in the basic values of the two countries, facilitated by shared mental, cultural, and social attitudes that preceded the communist period. Without minimizing the tyrannical nature of the Soviet regime, Sorokin locates and traces the development of democratic tendencies in Russia. He also points out that American democracy has not been fully achieved and that both nations have yet to fulfill their ideals. Both countries have been melting pots of diverse racial, ethnic, national, and cultural groups and peoples, and from their multiethnic composition, Russia and the United States have each developed a rich and creative culture. Sorokin rejects the notion of diametrically opposed American and Russian "souls," in favor of an appreciation of shared values."--Provided by publisher.

An analysis of 20 years of official documents (1995–2014) and legislative acts at national and EU levels using Jessop's Strategic Relational Approach (SRA) offers insights into inherent structural flaws in the Justice and Home Affairs aspects of European and member state migration policies. Focusing on two triptychs (hierarchy, governance and government ; state power(s), strategic selectivities and structures) and tracking their development clarifies that this policy field's purposes stray beyond migration management. In fact, the EU migration policy model was set up to be inherently expansive and is intimately linked to EU institutions and national governments striving to enhance their power(s). This is why apparent aberrations and unlawful acts by states amounting to a power grab have developed into an attack against normative frameworks including human rights. This article investigates whether European approaches to immigration policy at the EU and national levels currently pose a problem in terms of state power and authoritarianism due to inherently expansive tendencies and the serial production of problems and hierarchies. It offers a methodological, state-theoretical contribution to address a policy fix in which the EU and its member states appear caught, with harmful effects that spread beyond EU borders through externalisation.