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Middle East gender studies is a lively and fascinating field. With two very different journals (HawwaandJournal of Middle East Women Studies) and dozens of panels at the Middle East Studies Association Annual Conference and the World Congress for Middle Eastern Studies, we have come a long way over the last two decades. Women's, queer, and masculinity studies are now part of how we understand gender studies in the region. Middle East gender studies does, however, remain marginal in two fields—Middle East studiesandgender studies. It is normally assigned to the end of a Middle East studies conference ("and gender"), or, conversely, to the end of a gender studies conference or edited volume ("and elsewhere"). But can a discussion of technology or World War I in the modern Middle East weave in insights gained from gender or queer studies? And can a discussion of women's movements or women's labor incorporate what we know about the Middle East? I believe that more can be done to mainstream gender in Middle East studies, and to mainstream the Middle East in gender studies. Transnational history is a particularly promising direction for this endeavor.

Economic prospects for the countries of the Middle East and North Africa are assessed in light of the changing world economy, increasing integration of trade and financial markets, greater needs for educated labour, and growing concerns about poverty and environmental degradation. Cross-country papers on thematic topics by international scholars are presented. The need for major economic reforms is emphasized if the region is to use greater integration in the world economy as the basis for generating growth and jobs and reducing poverty.

"Book Abstract: The sociology of the Middle East has been an expanding field of inquiry since the aftermath of WWII when phenomena as diverse as urbanization, internal and international migration, and peasant societies attracted the attention of scholars working on the region. The Middle East became central in key sociological debates on modernization theory and the critical responses. The Oxford Handbook of the Sociology of the Middle East connects this historical trajectory with the emergence of the sociology of Islam, inspired by Max Weber. It explores how within the global community, the Middle East has become a terrain of heightened concern within the post-Cold War context, where the promising rise of civic (and often religiously-inspired) sociopolitical movements in the 1980s and 1990s has been slowly overwhelmed by the affirmation of jihadist networks, authoritarian states, and complex supranational security apparatuses. This foundational volume starts by engaging in a critical examination of the field itself, starting with a historical sociology of the making of the idea itself of the Middle East and linking it with the legacy of colonialism and the evolving dynamics of global power. In repurposing the sociology of the Middle East within a growing interdisciplinary multifield, the Handbook develops the critical argument that the exploration of social dynamics in the Middle East cannot be disjoined from the analysis of culture and politics. By connecting the vexed state-society relations in the region with movements of transformation and the affirmation of rights and creativity in the public arenas, it provides a comprehensive perspective to investigate longstanding regional and new transregional and global dynamics and their impact on the life of people in the region. Keywords: sociology of the Middle East, sociology of Islam, Max Weber, historical sociology, Middle East and North Africa region, MENA"--

The promise of democracy for Muslims offers something historically unparalleled. But how powerful is the idea of democracy in the Middle East? Could the region actually be at the beginning of a democratic wave, or is a "democratic recession" under way in Islamic lands? In The Wave, Middle East expert Reuel Marc Gerecht argues that the Middle East may actually be at the beginning of a momentous democratic wave whose convulsions could become the region's defining theme during Obama's presidency. He describes the powerful Middle Eastern democratic movements coming from both the secular left and the religious right and asserts that America must reassess democracy's supposed lack of a future in the region. The author explains the importance of those countries that hold the keys to the success or failure of democracy in the region, most notably Egypt, Turkey, Iran, and the United States. He tells why mainstream Islamist groups today see elections, not revolution, as a means for society to maintain akhlaq: the mores that define good Muslims. And he shows why any legitimate form of government in the contemporary Arab Middle East must be seen to be complementary to the Prophet Muhammad's legacy and the Holy Law. If democracy is to succeed in Arab lands, he concludes, it will be because devout Arabs have decided that their faith and representative government can meld.

Preface -- 1. Chapter one: The future of Ancient Interests in the Middle East -- 2.Chapter Two: Multidimensional Consequences -- 3.Chapter Three: Chaos and Ideological Strife -- 4. Chapter Four: The ancient Middle East and the new Middle East -- 5. Chapter Five: Federalist governance in the Middle East -- 6. Chapter six: Fourth Industrial Revolution -- 7.Chapter Seven: Perspectives on Education in the ME -- 8. Chapter Eight: Development Opportunities -- 9. Future Perspectives and Outlooks.

This paper examines the involvement of Western powers in the politics of Caucasus and Mesopotamia regions around the beginning of the 20th century. It attempts to identify the ideological background of the respective historical events whirled around the geopolitical and geo-economics aspirations of the super powers of that era. The motives of the relevant tremendous investments and campaigns undertaken do not always coincide with the rhetoric and the rationale provided by politicians and spokesmen favoring the expeditions. On one hand scholars were metaphorically reviving the clash of civilizations or the crusades re-launch, while on the other hand politicians and businessmen were taking advantage of the cultural stereotypes in order to facilitate colonial interests and energy resources acquisition. All the way from the early British interventions in the Middle East to the causes of the "fragile" Treaty of the Sèvres, this study emphasizes on the industrial countries' needs for oil along with the rivalry among the Great Powers for the resources control in the region. In addition, the analysis ends at the present time with a focus on the periodicity of the events taking place in repetition under similar patterns. The projection to the present times involves newly designed energy strategies for the Eastern Mediterranean basin, involving Cyprus in an alternative way to transfer energy toward Southern Europe.

The article examines the development of German foreign policy in the Middle East. Among the reasons for its intensification in this region, the events of the «Arab Spring» stand out, which changed the political landscape of the Middle East and created the prerequisites for a possible violation of the territorial integrity of some countries in this region. This, in turn, led to a large-scale migrant crisis in the EU in 2015-2016, the consequences of which affected Germany to the greatest extent. It is noted that the most striking example of more active German diplomacy in the Middle East was an agreement with Turkey to finance its efforts to create camps for Syrian refugees. The continuity of Germany's foreign policy is shown: with regard to Iran, Germany consistently advocates a return to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (the so-called «nuclear deal»); with regard to the Palestinian-Israeli conflict, Berlin has been advocating for the security of Israel and the peaceful settlement of the conflict for decades. It is emphasized that the share of the Middle East module in the foreign policy of Germany is constantly growing and that Germany is becoming one of the influential players in the region. The contacts of official Berlin with the monarchies of the Arabian Peninsula are considered. The conclusion is made about the multi-vector foreign policy of Germany in the Middle East.

This authoritative book examines British policy in the Middle East, focusing on how Britain's response to 9/11 particularly the decision to join the US invasion of Iraq has affected its role and relations in the region.: Establishes what was 'new' about the New Labour approach and policies towards the Middle East and what changed as a result of 9/11 and the 'war on terror' Analyses in detail how the Blair government handled the Iraq crisis, invasion and fallout, including developments in relations with Iran; Documents Britain's 'niche' role in the Middle East peace process.; Argues that ar

The authors provide a systematic analysis of looking beyond the abuses of human rights in the Middle East with a view toward problematizing traditional doctrinal thinking and concepts in the region, ascertaining comparative and historical roots of human rights abuses in the Middle East.

Rabies is a neglected but preventable viral zoonosis that poses a substantial threat to public health. In this regard, a global program has been initiated for the elimination of human rabies caused by rabid dogs through the mass vaccination of canine populations. Geographic areas vary greatly towards attainment of this objective. For example, while dog-mediated and wildlife rabies have been largely controlled in major parts of the Americas and Western Europe, the Middle East still grapples with human rabies transmitted by unvaccinated dogs and cats. Rabies prevention and control in the Middle East is quite difficult because the region is transcontinental, encompassing portions of Africa, Asia, and Europe, while consisting of politically, culturally, and economically diverse countries that are often subject to war and unrest. Consequently, one over-riding dilemma is the misinformation or complete lack of rabies surveillance data from this area. This communication is an attempt to provide an overview of rabies in the Middle East, as a cohesive approach for the honing of disease management in each area, based on data compiled from multiple sources. In addition, the related regional transboundary movement of rabies was investigated through phylogenetic studies of available viral gene sequences. Thereafter, the epidemiological status of rabies was assessed for the region. Finally, localities were classified first by the Stepwise Approach towards Rabies Elimination framework and then categorized into four different groups based on management theme: &ldquo ; rabies free&rdquo ; owned dog and domestic animal vaccination ; community dog vaccination ; and wildlife vaccination. The classification system proposed herein may serve as a baseline for future efforts. This is especially important due to the severe lack of rabies information available for the Middle East as a whole and a need for a comprehensive program focusing on the entirety of the region in light of renewed international commitment towards canine rabies elimination.

Since the beginning of the 21st century, eight early nomadic cultural remains located in Xinzhouyaozi Village, Xiaoshuanggucheng Village, and Xindianzi Town, have been discovered in Manhan Mountain, Hunhe River and two other districts in the middle section of the Great Wall area in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The new discoveries have crucial academic significance to the study of the formation of nomads, cultural exchanges, and the culture of steppe nomads, in terms of burial styles, animal sacrifice customs, and characteristics of grave goods